Lub neej niaj hnub no tsis tuaj yeem xav txog yam tsis muaj ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob. Rau ntau ntawm lawv, nichrome kauv yog qhov nthuav dav - "lub siab" ntawm lub tshuab. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov cuab yeej siv tshuab, cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob siv hauv lub neej txhua hnub thiab hauv cov khoom loj loj ncaj qha nyob ntawm cov hlau nrog cov khoom qub.
Kev piav qhia
Hauv xyoo 1905, tus kws tshawb fawb Asmeskas Albert Marsh tuaj nrog lub tswv yim ntawm kev sib xyaw chromium thiab npib tsib xee. Cov mis patented yog 20% chromium thiab 80% npib tsib xee. Lub alloy tau hu ua nichrome. Thaum xub thawj, tsis muaj tus tswv alloy (cov ntsiab lus refractory) nyob rau hauv qhov sib tov thiab nws yog ob lub ntsiab lus alloy. Niaj hnub no koj tuaj yeem nrhiav kev xaiv nrog cov ntsiab lus nickel ntawm 55%, thiab chromium los ntawm 15%. Cov impurities yog: hlau, silicon, manganese, txhuas, titanium, molybdenum, silicon. Muaj ntau tshaj kaum "daim ntawv qhia" ntawm cov hlau uas poob rau hauv lub npe nichrome.
Nichromium kauv, muaj kev tiv thaiv siab heev, tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceebfeem ntau ntawm cov cuab yeej thiab cov khoom siv. Nws muaj peev xwm tiv taus qhov kub-kub oxidation nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si ib txwm thiab txhoj puab heev. Cov alloy muaj cov cuab yeej no vim muaj cov chromium, uas tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab oxide tiv thaiv ntawm cov khoom. Nws kuj pleev xim rau cov hlau hauv cov xim tsaus. Yog tias koj tshem tawm (mechanically) txheej oxidized, ntxoov ntxoo yuav hloov mus rau dawb-grey.
Ob lub ntsiab lus alloy tsis muaj cov yam ntxwv sib nqus, kev hloov kho ntau yam yuav ua rau tsis muaj zog. Nichrome kauv yog yam ntxwv los ntawm rigidity thiab zoo ductility. Cov hlau yog muab nrog ntau ntu ntawm 0, 01 txog 10 mm. Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb:
- hluav taws xob tiv taus - 1100-1400 Ohm`m;
- melting point mus txog 1400 degrees (ua haujlwm ntau - 800-1100 degrees Celsius);
- density - 8200-8500 kg/m3;
- strength - 650-700 MPa.
Cov khoom siv tau raws li cov kev xav tau siab tshaj plaws.
txiaj ntsig
Kev thov siab thiab khov kho rau nichrome Cheebtsam yog vim qhov zoo kawg nkaus ntawm cov hlau:
- tsis corrode;
- muaj qhov hnyav;
- easy to process (yooj yim stamping thiab vuam);
- siab kub ua haujlwm;
- muaj zog thiab hloov pauv tib lub sijhawm;
- tiv taus qhov hnyav heev;
- muaj lub neej ua haujlwm ntev.
Lwm qhov tseem ceebqhov zoo dua yog qhov muaj zog tiv thaiv hluav taws xob tam sim no. Hauv kev xyaum, qhov ntsuas no tso cai rau koj kom tau txais cov cua sov ntau dua nrog cov nyiaj me me ntawm nichrome (qhov ntev ntawm nichrome kauv yog luv) dua li ntawm, piv txwv li, cov khoom hlau. Nyob rau hauv lem, ib tug me me ntawm cov hlau tso cai rau koj kom txo tau qhov hnyav thiab loj ntawm tag nrho cov apparatus. Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm nichrome yog kev sib xyaw ntawm tag nrho cov ntsuas saum toj no hauv ib qho khoom siv.
Ntau yam
Nichrome kauv tuaj yeem ua los ntawm ntau yam kev hloov kho ntawm cov hlau thiab muaj cov tuab sib txawv. Cov nyiaj thwj txawv ntawm lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab tau muab faib ua peb pawg loj:
- Rau cov resistors: Х20Н80 (20% chromium, 80% npib tsib xee); Kh20N73YuM-VI (20% chromium, 73% nickel, 3% aluminium, 1.5% molybdenum, mus txog 0.3% manganese, mus txog 0.05% titanium, 2% hlau, mus txog 0.05% carbon, melted los ntawm nqus induction txoj kev).
- Kev siv qis dua 900 degrees.
- Rau cov cua kub uas muaj zog tiv thaiv qhov kub thiab txias: KhN70YU-N (27% chromium, 70% npib tsib xee, 3% txhuas, mus txog 0.3% manganese, mus txog 0.03% Cesium, mus txog 0.1% barium, nce mus txog 1.5% hlau, mus txog 0.1% carbon).
Cov khoom ntawm cov hlau yog nyob ntawm qhov proportions ntawm nws cov khoom siv. Ntau cov chromium tiv thaiv oxidation.
Scope of application
Nichrome hlau yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom xav tau tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua lag luam ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Ib tug kauv ua los ntawm cov hlau no yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau cov qauv ntawm hluav taws xob cua sov. Hauv tsev, craftsmen siv nwsrau:
- ntoo hlawv tshuab;
- tsev ua lauj kaub tais diav;
- khoom siv rau cua sov ceev ntawm qee cov hlau hauv forge;
- tsim cov qauv cua sov uas yooj yim tshaj plaws ("tshis");
- homemade vuam machine.
Kev lag luam siv nichrome hauv cov khoom siv hauv tsev yog dav: cov tshuab plaub hau, irons, heaters, soldering irons, hluav taws xob qhov cub thiab lwm yam. Ib lub xaim uas muaj qhov loj hla hla yog siv rau kev siv vuam tsis siv neeg. Xws li ib qho alloy tuaj yeem pom hauv cov khoom siv hauv chav kuaj thiab xov tooj cua engineering. Nichrome yog siv rau qhov uas tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias ib puag ncig yog xav tau.
