Cib tau siv los ntawm noob neej hauv kev tsim kho rau ntau pua xyoo. Nws thawj hom yog blocks ntawm qhuav av nplaum. Thaum lub sij hawm, technology tau txhim kho. Niaj hnub no, cov ntaub ntawv tshiab yog siv los tsim cov cib. Lawv feem ntau raug rho tawm haujlwm ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Qhov no tso cai rau koj muab lub cib siab muaj zog, tiv thaiv cov teebmeem tsis zoo.
cib cib yog siv los tsim ntau yam khoom. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog ob qho tib si kev txhawb nqa thiab kev ua tiav ntawm lub façade, kev taug kev, txoj hauv kev, thiab lwm yam. Rau txhua qhov chaw, nws tus kheej hom cib siv. Lawv yog dab tsi, lawv muaj dab tsi - yuav tham ntxiv.
yam ntxwv dav dav
Burnt cib (duab hauv qab no) yog siv los tsim ntau yam khoom. Nyob ntawm kev ua, cov khoom no tau txais tshwj xeeb zoo. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov qauv kev txhawb nqa, partitions ntawm cov tsev thiab cov qauv. Tsis tas li ntawd, los ntawm cov cib nthuav qhia, lawv ua rau kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm facade, hauv qab daus. Cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem siv los ua cov chimneys, tsim qhov cub thiab qhov cub.
Ib cheeb tsam ntawm kev thov rau cov cib, uas tau raug rho tawm haujlwm hauv qhov cub kub thiab siab, yog qhov kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm cov pavements, cov kev taug kev thiab cov kev. Cov khoom siv masonry no yuav tsum tiv taus ntau yam khoom siv thiab huab cua cuam tshuam. Kev thov ntau ntxiv tau ua rau nws.
Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm cov cib raug rho tawm haujlwm. Lawv txawv nyob rau hauv configuration, xim, loj thiab kev ua tau zoo. Thaum xaiv cov khoom siv rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim kho, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas ntau yam ntawm masonry blocks.
Tsev tsim khoom
ci ci hnub no yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev tshaj plaws. Nws yog ua raws li tej yam yees siv. Qhov kub thiab txias yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov cib tsis raug rho tawm yog muag. Nws yog tsim los ntawm kev kub siab tab sis kuj tsis tshua muaj kub. Cov khoom no muaj xws li hyper-pressed thiab tiav cib.
Thaum siv qhov kub thiab txias, ceramic, fireclay, clinker cib tau txais. Cov ntaub ntawv xa tuaj yuav suav nrog ntau yam subspecies. Lawv txawv nyob rau hauv tsos, durability thiab nqi. Yog li ntawd, thaum xaiv, nco ntsoov coj mus rau hauv tus account seb cov khoom twg yuav siv.
Ceramic liab cib
Liab hlawv cib yog nyob rau hauv kev thov thiab kujcov khoom pheej yig. Nws yog yus muaj los ntawm zoo kuj rau tej yam kev mob, durability. Nyob ntawm txoj kev ua, nws yuav muaj ib chav kawm muaj zog.
Cov khoom uas nthuav tawm yog npaj los ntawm av nplaum ntawm ntau qib. Nws yog tov nyob rau hauv ib qho kev faib ua feem nrog dej. Tom qab ntawd cov yas loj ntxiv rau cov pwm. Koj tuaj yeem muab cov khoom sib txawv. Tom ntej no, lub workpiece raug rho tawm haujlwm ntawm qhov kub ntawm li 1000 ºС. Xws li lub cib ua ntom ntom, tiv taus noo noo.
Nws yog kev cai hu cov khoom siv liab. Txawm li cas los xij, niaj hnub no, raws li cov thev naus laus zis tau nthuav tawm, ntau cov khoom tsim muaj xim dawb, mustard xim. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias cov cib siv los tsim ib qho khoom tsis sib txawv ntawm qhov ntxoov ntxoo, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau txais cov khoom siv txaus rau kev tsim kho.
Ntau yam ntawm ceramic cib
Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm ceramic cib. Lawv tuaj yeem txawv tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ntxoov ntxoo. Cov neeg tsim khoom tsim cov hollow thiab cov khoom raug rho tawm haujlwm cib. Thawj muaj qhov thiab voids sab hauv. Qhov no ua rau nws yooj yim dua. Tab sis cov thermal rwb thaiv tsev zoo ntawm cov khoom no yuav siab dua. Partitions yog tsim los ntawm nws sab hauv.
Cov cib khoom siv tau ntev dua. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau kev tsim kho ntawm lub hauv paus, txoj kev, kev taug kev, cov phab ntsa thauj khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, nws cov yam ntxwv thermal rwb thaiv tsev yog me ntsis qis dua li hollow ntau yam. Nws yog muab tso rau thaum lub sij hawm tsim.phab ntsa hauv ob kab.
Tsis tas li, qhov saum npoo ntawm ceramic cib tuaj yeem sib txawv. Nws yog du los yog embossed. Tsis tas li ntawd, hom ceramic cib muaj xws li facade, glazed, zoo li hom. Lawv yog siv rau cov hniav facades. Koj tuaj yeem nteg tawm txoj hauv kev los ntawm cov khoom zoo sib xws hauv lub vaj, tsim arches, thiab lwm yam.
Yuav ua li cas xaiv lub pob zeb zoo nkauj?
Muaj ntau ntau hom cib muag. Thaum xaiv, coj mus rau hauv tus account nws lub hom phiaj. Piv txwv li, lawv muaj peev xwm nteg tawm lub tsev los ntawm panels nrog liab ci cib los tsim ib tug tej yam zoo nkauj nyhuv. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug tshwj xeeb finishing saib nrog qhov tseeb geometry yuav ua.
Txhawm rau tsim cov platforms, kev taug kev, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau xaiv cov chav kawm cib kom zoo. Qhov ntau load nws yuav raug, lub thicker nws yuav tsum. Rau lub vaj txoj kev raws li cov tswv ntawm lub teb chaws lub tsev yuav taug kev, nyias ntau yam yog haum. Yog hais tias lub tsheb yuav tsav ntawm txoj kev taug kev, muaj zog, tuab cib yuav tsum nyiam.
Tus nqi ntawm cov cib ceramic
Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom nthuav tawm feem ntau nyob ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom. Qhov pheej yig tshaj yog Belarusian cib. Nws tus nqi tuaj yeem yog los ntawm 75 kopecks. ib daim. Cov chaw tsim khoom hauv tsev muab cib rau kev ua lag luam los ntawm 1.2 rubles. ib daim. Cov tuam txhab European muab cov khoom siv hauv tsev ntawm tus nqi ntawm 15 rubles. ib daim. Cov tuam txhab nto moo tshaj plaws hauv kev lag luam no yog Keraterm, Lode, S. Anselmo thiab lwm tus.
Porous brick
Kev tsim cov cib raug rho tawm tau raug txhim kho tas li. Yog li ntawd, ntau yam tshiab nkag mus rau hauv cov khoom siv hauv tsev ua lag luam. Lawv tau txhim kho cov yam ntxwv. Ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no yog porous cib. Nws muaj ntau qhov zoo dua li cov khoom siv yav dhau los.
Cov khoom lag luam nthuav tawm tau txais los ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis zoo ib yam li pawg ceramic. Txawm li cas los xij, ntxiv rau cov av nplaum, me me sawdust kuj ntxiv rau nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Tom ntej no, lub workpiece raug rho tawm haujlwm. Cov sawdust hauv cov qauv cib hlawv tawm. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, me me pores tau txais. Cov yam ntxwv thermal rwb thaiv tsev ntawm xws li cib yog qhov siab dua li lwm yam.
Cov blocks ntxeem tau yog lub teeb yuag. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub xub ntiag ntawm pores muab zoo suab rwb thaiv tsev ntawm masonry. Cov tsos ntawm cov khoom uas nthuav tawm muaj ib tug du nto. Yog li ntawd, cov blocks no tuaj yeem siv los ua kom tiav cov facade lossis phab ntsa hauv chav. Lawv tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv ib kab, uas txo cov nqi ntawm kev tsim kho.
Firebrick
Hlawv cib ntawm cov duab thaiv lossis lwm yam kev teeb tsa tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev tsim kho thiab kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm qhov cub, qhov cub thiab qhov cub. Cov no yog fireclay blocks. Cov khoom no yog tsim raws li ib tug tej yam technology. Ua tsaug rau nws, lub cib tau txais qhov zoo tshiab. Nws tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias.
Thaum tsim cov av nplaum cib, siv qhov kub thiab txias. Ua tsaug rau qhov kev kho no, lub cib tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub txog li 1700 ºС. Nwsyog siv tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv private, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv industrial siv.
Hauv kev tsim cov blocks, cov av nplaum crushed yog tov nrog fireclay hmoov. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub block tau txais ib tug grainy kev ntxhib los mos. Cov chaw tsim khoom tuaj yeem teeb tsa qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom tiav. Cib tuaj yeem khaws cov cua sov. Nws tuaj yeem muab rau qhov chaw ntev. Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom kim tshaj plaws uas tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Tus nqi yog kwv yees li 10-12 txhiab rubles / m³.
Clinker bricks
Clinker blocks kuj yog rau qeb ntawm cov cib hlawv. Lawv tau tsim los ntawm kev siv tshuab zoo ib yam li kev tsim ntau yam ceramic. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv qhov no, cov av nplaum tshwj xeeb refractory yog siv. Roasting nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog ua nyob rau hauv siab kub.
Nrog rau kev ua haujlwm zoo li no, ntau yam kev suav nrog txawv teb chaws thiab qhov tsis muaj peev xwm nyob twj ywm. Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv ruaj khov tshaj plaws. Nws lub neej kev pabcuam yog siab dua li ntawm lwm yam. Txawm li cas los xij, tus nqi yuav ua tau ntau zaus ntau dua li cov masonry zoo tib yam lossis silicate cib. Tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom no yog kwv yees li 7.5 txhiab rubles / m³. Nws yog cov khoom siv tiv thaiv te-resistant, noo noo-pov thawj. Clinker blocks tiv taus siab, tsis txhob tawg nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm acids, ntsev los yog alkalis. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim siv thiab tsim. Clinker yog siv los ua ob qho tib si load-bearing qauv thiab taug kev, thaj chaw uas yuav raug rau cov neeg kho tshuab siab.
facade vuas
Muaj kev tsim khocov ntaub ntawv uas xyaum cov cib hlawv nrog lawv cov tsos. Facade vuas nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog tsim los ntawm ib tug txawv kiag li technology. Nws tsis raug rho tawm hauv qhov cub.
Cov khoom nthuav tawm yog tsim los ntawm fiberglass canvas. Bitumen nrog kev txhim kho muaj pes tsawg leeg tau ntxiv rau nws. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom siv yog ua tiav los ntawm ntuj bas alt. Nws cov granules ntawm ib qho me me tsim ib qho kev ntxhib los mos tshwj xeeb. Cov txheej txheem nthuav tawm ntawm kev tsim cov khoom tso cai rau nws cov kav ntev.
Hauv kev ua haujlwm, cov vuas facade tsis qis dua hauv lawv cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb rau cib. Nws tsis raug rau corrosion, withstands kub hloov. Cov khoom siv tsis raug rau mechanical stress. Nws tsis ploj mus ntev. Nws yog vim li no tias cov ntaub ntawv nthuav tawm yog qhov xav tau siab hauv kev lag luam khoom siv hauv tsev.
Facade cladding khoom
Hnub no, ntau lub tuam txhab muab cov neeg siv khoom ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rau facade cladding. Rau lub hom phiaj no, siv ntau hom cib thiab pobzeb.
Ntau tus tswv, hauv kev rau siab ua kom zoo nkauj rau lub tsev lossis laj kab, xaiv cov vuas facade. Qhov nto moo tshaj plaws hauv cheeb tsam no yog TECHNONICOL Hauberk. Hluav taws xob cib ua raws li cov khoom siv uas tsis yog ua los ntawm cov av nplaum. Lawv sib dua hauv qhov hnyav thiab muaj kev ua tau zoo dua. Kev teeb tsa hauv qhov no yog qhov nrawm dua thiab pheej yig dua. Tus nqi ntawm kev ua tiav yuav yog 350-400 rubles / m².
Yog xav tau, koj tuaj yeem yuav cov cib cib ntuj. Hauv qhov ntawdrooj plaub, kev ua haujlwm yuav xav tau kev tshaj lij los ntawm tus tswv. Ntuj raug rho tawm haujlwm cib muaj lub peev xwm siab. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov xav tau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm ntau qhov chaw.
Tau suav tias yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv xws li cov cib hlawv, koj tuaj yeem xaiv qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim kho lossis kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm txhua yam khoom.
