Thaum tsim lub tsev lossis kho dua tshiab, nws yuav tsum tau nruab cov kav dej. Nws yog qhov teeb meem zoo dua los ua neej nyob yam tsis muaj qhov cua, vim nws tso cai rau koj los tsim kom muaj qhov zoo nkauj microclimate hauv chav, muab cov neeg nyob hauv huab cua zoo. Pom zoo tias nws yog qhov zoo dua los so thiab ua haujlwm hauv chav ua pa ntau dua li nyob rau hauv ib qho hnyav.
Lub cev ib txwm muaj oxygen txaus, ntau yam kab mob pathogenic tsis sib npaug, thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, tus neeg tsis muaj kev xav tsis muaj zog. Tab sis txhawm rau ua kom qhov cua kom zoo, koj yuav tsum tau muab xam rau txhua qhov cua ducts. Nws kuj tseem tsim nyog xaiv cov khoom siv rau txhua chav thiab nruab lawv.
Yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem xam thiab nruab ntawm koj tus kheej, hu rau tus kws tshaj lij. Tom qab tag nrho, cov neeg uas tsim thiab tsim cov tshuab no feem ntau yuav ua tau tag nrho cov hauj lwm sai thiab zoo - lawv twb muaj ib tug puv tes. Tab sis koj yuav tsum them rau cov kev pabcuam no. Yog tias koj xav txuag nyiaj thiab kawm qee yam tshiab, xav pib uaqhov cua.
Cov qauv xaiv cov pa cua yog dab tsi?
Ua ntej, peb yuav tham txog yuav ua li cas thiaj xaiv cov khoom zoo. Tom qab tag nrho, kev teeb tsa ntawm lub qhov cua ducts nyob ncaj qha rau ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov nodes siv. Tab sis ua kom muaj kev xaiv, koj yuav tsum paub txog koj tus kheej nrog cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm txhua hom cua ducts, lawv qhov tsis zoo thiab qhov zoo. Tag nrho cov pa ducts tuaj yeem muab faib thiab faib raws li peb qhov tseem ceeb:
- Raws li cov khoom siv (yas, hlau).
- Raws li tus qauv tsim.
- Nyob ntawm hom.
Ua tib zoo saib seb cov kev xaiv twg ntawm daim phiaj loj muaj. Feem ntau cov tuam ntxhab ntawm cov khoom siv rau lub tshuab ua pa ua raws li GOST tam sim no:
- kab ntau 100-2000mm.
- Tsis ntev tshaj 20 meters.
Cov kev txwv no yog qhov yooj yim, tab sis thaum tsim lub tshuab ua pa, xws li:
- Section area.
- Cov phab ntsa thickness.
- Pib tus nqi.
- siab hydraulic siab.
Nws yog qhov nyuaj rau suav cov yam ntxwv ntawm koj tus kheej - nws yog qhov zoo dua rau kev tiv tauj cov kws tshaj lij. Lawv yuav tuaj yeem xaiv cov khoom tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau qhov cua raws li cov txheej txheem teeb tsa.
Duct Designs
Tsuas muaj ob hom kev tsim cov kav dej uas siv rau hauv kev xyaum. Yog tias koj npaj yuav nruab ductwork nrog koj tus kheejtes, koj yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus pom zoo ntawm cov kws tshaj lij. Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog xaiv txoj kev tsim kho kom nws tsis tsuas yog ua nws txoj haujlwm xwb, tab sis kuj sib haum xeeb haum rau sab hauv ntawm chav tsev.
Cov kab hauv qab no yog qhov txawv ntawm kev tsim:
- Sab nraud - ntsia rau ntawm phab ntsa. Yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ntxiv los yog tshem tawm lub thawv. Kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov tshuab no tuaj yeem nqa tawm los ntawm cov khoom zoo sib xws nrog cov ntu sib txawv, cov duab thiab qhov ntev ntawm cov pa ducts. Thaum txhim kho, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo tsim ib lub tswv yim raws li lub installation yuav tsum tau ua. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub architectural nta ntawm lub tsev raug coj mus rau hauv tus account - sab nrauv attractiveness yuav tsum tsis txhob raug kev txom nyem. Thiab huab cua ncig yuav tsum khaus ntau li ntau tau.
- Cov ducts rov qab yog siv thaum txhim kho cov kab ke hauv cib lossis cov phab ntsa pob zeb. Cov qauv zoo li no muaj ib qho feature - sab hauv ntawm cov channel yog zoo kawg nkaus du, uas tso cai rau cov huab cua ntws mus rau hauv ntau dawb do. Cov ducts cua yuav tsum muaj qhov thev naus laus zis los ntawm kev ntxuav ua ntu zus.
Cov khoom siv dab tsi yog cov pa cua ua los ntawm?
Nyob ntawm cov khoom siv twg yog tsim los ntawm, kev teeb tsa ntawm cov kav dej sib txawv. Raws li txoj cai, cov khoom siv hnyav yog siv rau kev tsim cov qauv zoo li no - tom qab tag nrho, cov channel yuav tsum tau kho rau ntawm phab ntsa lossis qab nthab.
Thiab cov qauv hnyav yog qhov nyuaj dua los tuav. Standard set ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rauduct fabrication:
- Metals. Feem ntau nws yog stainless lossis galvanized steel, aluminium-raws li alloys. Tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi ntawm cov hlau siv, cov pa cua muaj qhov siab ntawm lub zog, hluav taws kub tsis kam, thiab corrosion kuj. Ntxiv mus, cov khoom siv hlau yog hloov tau thiab ruaj khov. Tab sis qhov kawg parameter yog ncaj qha cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov hlau los yog alloy. Raws li cov nqi ntawm cov khoom, qhov pheej yig tshaj yog galvanized. Aluminium yuav kim dua, tab sis nws cov peev txheej yog siab dua me ntsis.
- YPlastic. Cov ducts cua no yog tsim los ntawm polypropylene. Thiab qhov no yog cov khoom siv uas muaj lub zog siab, qhov hnyav, nws yog ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg thiab resistant rau ntau yam kua. Tab sis thaum txhim kho cov kab yas duab plaub, ib qho kev tsis zoo yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account - nyob rau hauv cov neeg kho tshuab kev nyuaj siab, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm deformation yuav siab dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom yas muaj qhov kub thiab txias heev.
- Polymeric cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov ducts hloov tau siv nyob rau hauv qhov cua tshuab. Cov kav dej corrugated kuj yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv zoo li no. Ua kom cov channel nruj li sai tau, siv cov hlau hlau lossis txhuas. Xws li kev txhawb nqa tuaj yeem tuav tag nrho cov qauv thiab tiv thaiv nws los ntawm deforming. Cov khoom ua los ntawm cov polymers tuaj yeem siv ob leeg ntawm nws tus kheej thiab ua ke nrog hlau lossis yas. Tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas thaum txhim kho cov kav dej hloov tau yooj yim raws li cov polymers, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account lub fact tias cov khoom muaj ib tug loj heev aerodynamic kuj. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv ua suab nrov thaum ua haujlwm.tshuab. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, cov ducts hloov tau tau nruab rau hauv cov chaw me me (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nkag tsis tau). Feem ntau lawv yog siv los ua khoov thiab ceg.
Duct section type
Thaum txhim kho galvanized lossis yas cua ducts, qhov tseem ceeb yog xaiv hom ntu. Muaj cov hauv qab no:
- Rectangular and square. Lawv yog siv los sib haum xeeb kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv ntawm qhov chaw. Qhov kev txiav txim siab los txhim kho cov qauv no yog tsim nyog yog tias lub qab nthab qhov siab tsis loj heev. Tab sis muaj ib tug drawback - lub chaw tsim khoom ntawm cov pa ducts thiab lawv installation yuav siv sij hawm ntau thiab siv zog. Nws kuj tseem yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tseeb tias kev ua haujlwm siab aerodynamic tau pom thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov ducts duab plaub.
- Txawm li cas los xij hauv txhua qhov cua tshuab koj tuaj yeem siv cov ducts ncig. Kev txhim kho cov pa cua raws li SNIP tuaj yeem nqa tawm los ntawm cov ntsiab lus zoo li no. Lawv yog cov tswv yim, lawv muaj tsawg heev aerodynamic luag. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv yooj yim heev rau mount, thiab tsis muaj teeb meem thaum ua haujlwm.
Tam sim no koj paub tag nrho cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov pa ducts, koj tuaj yeem mus ncaj qha rau kev teeb tsa. Yuav tsis muaj teeb meem yog tias koj muaj tag nrho cov cuab yeej thiab cov khoom tsim nyog.
Cov txheej txheem cua tshuab hluav taws xob
Kev txhim kho qhov cua yog qhov teeb meem loj heev, thiab nws yuav tsum tau mus nrog txhua lub luag haujlwm. Kev nplij siab ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv tsev yog nyob ntawm qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Qhov cua kuj tseem muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv. Ua ntej pibtxhua txoj haujlwm yuav tsum tau npaj. Cov txheej txheem installation yog raws li nram no:
- Cov pa cua raug xam. Ntxiv mus, qhov muaj peev xwm ua tau ntau dua, qhov ua tau zoo dua qhov system yuav ua haujlwm yav tom ntej.
- Hom kev sib txuas tsim nyog tshaj plaws yog xaiv. Yuav tsum tsis muaj qhov khoob, tawg.
- Hom thiab tag nrho cov qauv zoo li tus uas tau teeb tsa ntxiv tau txiav txim siab.
- Txoj kab tsim raug raug xaiv. Koj tuaj yeem nruab ntxiv cua sov thiab suab rwb thaiv tsev. Tab sis qhov no yuav xav tau kev nqis peev ntxiv, yog li yog tias koj xav txuag nyiaj, pov tseg cov ntaub ntawv no. Muaj tseeb, muaj cov xwm txheej thaum nws tsis tuaj yeem tsis kam siv cov ntaub ntawv insulating. Koj tuaj yeem nyeem txog nws hauv qab no.
Cov kab hluav taws xob
Tam sim no nws yog lub sijhawm los txiav txim siab seb puas xav tau kev rwb thaiv tsev ntxiv rau cov ducts.
Peb cov lus pom zoo yuav pab koj xaiv qhov yog:
- Yuav tsum tau rwb thaiv tsev yog tias cov pa cua tau nruab sab nraum lub tsev lossis hauv chav uas tsis muaj cua sov. Yog li koj tau tshem ntawm ntau yam teeb meem - tshwj xeeb, los ntawm accumulators ntawm condensate nyob rau sab hauv ntawm lub qhov cua. Qhov no yuav tiv thaiv cov tsos ntawm fungi thiab pwm hauv tsev. Tom qab tag nrho, qhov cua tau ua tiav txhawm rau txuag lub tsev lossis chav tsev ntawm cov teeb meem no.
- Lub suab nrov rwb thaiv tsev yog ua tau yog tias cov pa cuatau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw xws li: chaw ua haujlwm, chaw ua haujlwm hauv tsev, chav menyuam yaus thiab chav pw. Nyob ntawm lub hom phiaj, xaiv txoj kev soundproofing. Nws tseem yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov kev nplij siab thiab kev tsim nta.
Raws li koj nkag siab, muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los txo cov suab nrov. Tab sis qhov twg yog qhov zoo dua los siv? Nws tag nrho yog nyob ntawm, ntawm chav kawm, ntawm cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb thiab nyiaj txiag muaj peev xwm. Nws yog qhov ua tau kom paub qhov txawv ntawm hom nrov tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua kom tsis muaj suab nrov ntawm lub qhov cua:
- Nws raug tso cai siv cov khoom uas muaj phab ntsa loj lossis ntu ntu ntu ntxiv. Tab sis qhov no tsuas yog siv tau rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev teeb tsa ntawm qhov cua hauv chav dav thiab loj. Hauv qhov no, tag nrho cov nqi ntawm tag nrho cov khoom yuav loj heev. Nyias-walled muaj tus nqi qis dua.
- Kev teeb tsa tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv kev vibration - ntau yam kiv cua, dampers. Nws yog tau hais tias nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no nws yuav tsum tau hloov lub Circuit Court ntawm tag nrho cov qhov cua kab. Lub duct yuav tsum tau mounted me ntsis txawv.
- Winding cov kav dej ntawm lub qhov cua nrog ntau yam ntaub ntawv pov thawj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov ntxeem tau pom lawv tus kheej zoo. Qhov no yog qhov yooj yim thiab pheej yig tshaj txoj hauv kev rau nruab soundproofing, tab sis cov tsos mob, thiab heev heev. Feem ntau, yuav tsum tau kho kom zoo nkauj ntxiv ntawm qhov cua ducts.
Yuav ua li cas xaiv qhov chaw ntxiv
Txhua rooj plaub yog tus kheej, yog li kev siv cov ntsiab lus ntxiv yuav nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb. Koj tuaj yeem siv ntau npaum li casthiab yam hom.
Koj tuaj yeem xaiv cov khoom uas xav tau rau kev teeb tsa lub qhov cua:
- Cross.
- Bends.
- Tees.
- Umbrellas.
- Insets.
- Ducks.
- Plugs.
- Kev hloov pauv.
- Throttle li qub.
Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej uas koj tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tus naj npawb thiab hom khoom uas xav tau tshwj xeeb rau kev siv koj qhov project, hu rau cov kws tshaj lij. Raws li txoj cai, cov neeg muag khoom nyob rau hauv cov khw muag khoom cua ducts thiab qhov chaw rau lawv muaj kev paub txaus los pab koj txiav txim siab txog kev xaiv cov khoom. Txhua yam koj xav tau yog daim duab kos duab ntawm tag nrho cov qauv.
Yuav ua li cas xam cov kav dej
Txawm hais tias cov ducts yas lossis hlau raug teeb tsa, qee qhov yuav tsum tau ua raws. Cov kab ke ntawm kev ua haujlwm kuj yuav tsum tau ua raws. Cov theem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kev suav ntawm qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov huab cua raws. Tam sim no koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab seb huab cua npaum li cas rau txhua chav lossis qhov chaw.
Thaum txhim kho cov yas lossis galvanized cua ducts, qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav ntawm ob txoj hauv kev:
- Nco ntsoov xav txog tag nrho cov neeg uas nyob hauv chav tas li. Ua li no, koj tuaj yeem siv tus qauv yooj yim: L=NL NORM. Cia peb sau cov qauv no kom paub seb cov ntawv twg sawv cev rau dab tsi. Ntawm no Lyog qhov xav tau kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov system. N yog tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv chav. Thiab L NORM yog tus qauv uas qhia tias tus nqi ntawm huab cua noj li cas rau ib tus neeg hauv ib teev. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm kev pw tsaug zog thiab so, peb haus 30 m3 / h. Thiab yog tias koj raug coj los ntawm SNIP, ces daim duab no yog ob zaug siab - 60 m3/h.
- Koj tuaj yeem siv cov qauv hauv qab no rau kev suav: L=nSH. Nyob rau hauv nws, L yog qhov ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo (ntsuas hauv cubic meters ib teev), n yog tus nqi ntau npaum li cas (sib npaug rau 1-2 rau chav nyob thiab 2-3 rau chav ua haujlwm). H yog qhov siab ntawm lub qab nthab hauv chav, thiab S yog thaj tsam hauv square meters. Ua ntej txhim kho cov kav dej rau chav ua noj hood, nws tseem yuav tsum tau ua cov kev suav zoo sib xws kom cov huab cua "phem" tawm hauv chav sai li sai tau.
Nws raug nquahu kom ua qhov suav nrog ob tus qauv ib zaug, tom qab ntawd xaiv tus nqi loj tshaj plaws. Tab sis yog tias koj tsis xav thab, koj tuaj yeem ua qhov kev ua haujlwm nruab nrab ntawm lub qhov cua:
- Rau ib chav tsev lossis chav cais, koj tuaj yeem nqa tus nqi ntawm 100 txog 500 m3/hour.
- Rau cov tsev ntiav thiab tsev, xav tau qhov kev ua tau zoo sib npaug 50-2000 m3/hour.
- Rau chaw ua haujlwm tus nqi no yuav tsum sib txawv ntawm 1000-10000 m3/hour.
Thaum koj xam qhov ntsuas no, koj tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv nrog kev teeb tsa ntawm cov kav dej. Yas lossis hlau - nws nyob ntawm koj. Nws nyob ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm thiab qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau qhov cua ducts.
Kev teeb tsa lub voj voog ncig
Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, muaj ntau ntau txoj kev xaiv rau fastening cov pa ducts ntawm lub voj voog qhov cua. Thov nco ntsoov tias cov txheej txheem kev teeb tsa rau cov ducts puag ncig yog qhov txawv me ntsis ntawm kev teeb tsa ntawm cov duab plaub. Thiab tag nrho cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem siv tau rau hauv kev tsim kho thiab kho tshiab ntawm cov tsev.
Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los qhia peb txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb:
- Lub txiv mis lossis lub tes tsho yog hom kev npaj ntau tshaj plaws ntawm qhov cua spans. Kev sib khi ntawm cov channel no kuj tuaj yeem ua tiav siv cov txheej txheem no. Cov kab hauv qab yog tias nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txuas ob ntu ntawm ib lub kav dej uas siv cov khoom thib peb ntxiv. Ntxiv mus, qhov no tuaj yeem mounted ob qho tib si sab nraud thiab ntsia sab hauv. Txhua yam nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb.
- Flange kuj yog ib txoj hauv kev nrov ntawm kev sib txuas cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Yog tias koj saib ntawm cov qauv tsim ntawm cov flanges, koj tuaj yeem pom tias cov no yog cov rims me me, nrog kev pab los ntawm cov khoom cua uas txuas nrog. Tsis tas li ntawd, fixation tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog screws, caij nplooj ntoos hlav mechanisms. Qhov kev xaiv thib ob ua rau kev teeb tsa yooj yim dua, thiab qib ntawm kev sib khi yog siab heev. Cov ntsiab lus ntxiv tsis tas yuav tsum muaj. Tab sis kuj tseem muaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua - yuav tsum muaj flanging ntawm cov kav dej. Yog tsis muaj qhov no, koj tsis zoo li yuav muaj peev xwm txhim kho cov cua ducts rau cov hoods hauv chav ua noj. Txhua txoj haujlwm tsis txawv ntau ntawm kev txhim kho qhov cua hauv chaw ua haujlwmthaj chaw. Tshwj tsis yog qhov ntsuas me dua.
- Hom kev sib txuas hu ua bandage yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws siv. Hauv qhov no, ib qho khoom siv tau muab tso rau saum cov pa cua ntawm qhov flanged kawg. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev teeb tsa no yog pheej yig heev thiab yooj yim rau kev ua, nws muaj peev xwm lav tau qib siab ntawm sealing. Tab sis kev tsim cov ntaub qhwv nws tus kheej yog txheej txheem uas tsis tsuas yog ua haujlwm hnyav, tab sis kuj kim. Nws yog vim tus nqi siab ntawm kev tsim khoom uas cov ntaub qhwv tsis tau siv dav.
Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov txheej txheem no nws tuaj yeem txhim kho cov ducts puag ncig. Qhov twg xaiv yog nyob ntawm koj. Thaum txhim kho cov pa cua hauv chav ua noj, nco ntsoov xav txog txhua yam ntawm cov rooj tog zaum thiab chav. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog tias qhov tsos tsis raug kev txom nyem. Cov kav dej yuav tsum tsis txhob pom, lawv yuav tsum muab zais.
Yuav ua li cas kho cov ducts duab plaub
Thiab tam sim no hais txog yuav ua li cas koj tuaj yeem txhim kho cov pa yas lossis cov hlau plaub fab.
Feem ntau siv rau kev sib khi:
- Flanges. Qhov no yog hom mount feem ntau. Ib yam li cov ducts puag ncig, kho lub flange yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Txwv tsis pub, yuav muaj me ntsis kev poob qis ntawm ib sab lossis tsis txaus nruj ntawm kev sib txuas. Ob leeg rivets lossis chaw vuam yog siv los kho cov flanges.
- Tires. Qhov kev sib txuas no zoo ib yam li flange. Tab sis nws muaj ib qho ntxiv kaw ntom nti thiab lub gasket ua los ntawm cov ntaub nplaum ntxeem tau,polymer los yog roj hmab band, ua npuas ncauj roj hmab. Nco ntsoov kho txhua lub ces kaum thiab qhov khoob nrog sealants. Thiab lub sealant yuav tsum raug xaiv, coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov aggressiveness ntawm sab nraud thiab sab hauv ib puag ncig.
Thov nco ntsoov tias nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom paub qhov txawv tam sim ntawm ob txoj hauv kev fastening rau hlau cua ducts - los ntawm vuam los yog folds. Thiab kev teeb tsa ntawm galvanized steel cua ducts tuaj yeem nqa tawm los ntawm txoj kev no. Muaj tseeb, vuam galvanizing yog ib txoj haujlwm nyuaj, kev siv cov quav yuav ua tau zoo dua.
