Zaj dab neeg ntawm Suav thaum ub hais tias lub kua muag ntawm ib tug ntxhais hauv kev hlub, los rau hauv av, tig mus ua paj zoo nkauj, uas yog begonia. Lub teb chaws ntawm cov nroj tsuag tsis yog raws nraim tsim.
Npe tom qab tus phooj ywg
Botanists muaj ntau tshaj li ib txhiab hom nyob rau hauv genus begonias nyob rau hauv tsev neeg ntawm tib lub npe. Cov nroj tsuag tau piav qhia thawj zaug los ntawm Fabkis tus txiv neej (botanist thiab hauj sam) C. Plumier rov qab rau xyoo 1687, uas, ntawm kev hwm ntawm nws tus phooj ywg M. Begon, tus tswv xeev ntawm Haiti, hu ua lub paj begonia. Lub teb chaws ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog thaj chaw subtropical thiab tropical thaj chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb, South America, thaj tsam sab hnub poob ntawm Africa, Asia (Eastern Himalayas, roob roob thiab yav qab teb Is Nrias teb, Ceylon Islands thiab Malay Archipelago). Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nyob rau hauv Australia nyob rau hauv nws cov natural form, txawm nws nyob ze rau Malaysia, begonia tsis loj hlob.
Kev tshawb fawb tau tsim kev sib raug zoo ntawm African thiab Asmeskas cov nroj tsuag hom. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias Africa, nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm ntau yam loj hlob ntawm nonyob tsuas yog thib 3 nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias nws yog los ntawm lub teb chaws no uas begonia kis thoob plaws lub teb chaws. Lub teb chaws ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntawm hom tsiaj, feem ntau yuav, yog nyob rau hauv ntuj tsim. Kev sib tw hauv qhov tsos ntawm hybrid tuberous begonias belongs rau Belgium.
xaiv kev xaiv qeb
Tseem tsis tau lees paub qhov kev faib tawm botanical ntawm ntau hom Begonia tsev neeg. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm, cov no yog shrubs, erect thiab nce toj, herbaceous thiab ampelous nroj tsuag. Begonia tsev - tib ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Raws li thawj approximation, kab lis kev cai ntau yam tau muab faib ua cov hniav-deciduous thiab zoo nkauj-flowering. Feem ntau cov paj begonias. Tab sis kev zoo nkauj bewitching ntawm nplooj kuj pom nws cov kiv cua. Hauv tsev floriculture, ib qho kev faib tawm ntawm sab hauv tsev begonias mus rau hauv tuberous thiab shrubs yog nqa tawm.
Nyob zoo tuberous begonia
Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm sab nraud thiab lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm no feem ntau fashionable hom begonias yog cov khoom kim heev uas yooj yim thiab ob npaug paj. Txaus siab rau cov nroj tsuag uas sib tw hauv daim ntawv nrog roses, peonies, carnations. Lwm feature ntawm lawv yog muab zais rau hauv av - tuberous rhizome. Tuberous begonia tau tshwm sim tsis ntev dhau los (1870). Lub teb chaws ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntawm no semi-hybrid los yog hybrid yog Belgium. Tus tsim uas qhia txoj hauv kev rau lwm tus neeg yug tsiaj Begonia yog Louis Van Gutt, uas, koom tes nrog xwm, tsim thawj ntau yam terry.
paj ntau yam
Hybrid begonias ntawm pawg Rasa Elatior Rieger tiv taus cov kab mob fungal thiab muaj hnub luv - ib hnub 9-teev txaus rau kev loj hlob ntawm axillary buds. Qhov no suav nrog ntau yam hauv qab no: Kyoto (dawb begonia, nruab nrab qhov siab, nrog loj densely ob paj), Louise (lub teeb cream nrog liab, siab).
Cov pab pawg Rasa Gluar ua Lauren yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov nroj tsuag cog qis, cov nplooj me me thiab cov xim dav. Paub ntau yam nrog paj paj: Carolina, Marina, Egers Favorit, Competitor, Rosemary.
Semi-hybrid begonias yog qhov txawv ntawm ntau yam xim, lawv tuaj yeem ua tau yooj yim, ib nrab ob npaug thiab terry daim ntawv. Qee zaum ntawm ib tsob ntoo muaj cov paj yooj yim thiab ob npaug. Lub npe nrov rau xws li begonia yog Ivan da Marya (fluffy - txiv neej, zoo tib yam - poj niam paj). Hauv qhov loj, lawv tuaj yeem loj heev (txog 20 cm inch), loj-flowered (los ntawm 8 mus rau 10 cm inch), multi-flowered (los ntawm 3 mus rau 5 cm). Muaj paj yeeb, peony, narcissus thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv. Cov paj uas nrov tshaj plaws yog: Tsaus Liab (dub liab), Txiv kab ntxwv (xim pom pom lub npe), Rose (liab), Scarlett (liab-scarlet), Daj (daj), Dawb (dawb). Multi-flowered ntau - Tsaus Scarlett (dub liab liab).
Yuav ua li cas loj hlob begonias
Nroj tsuag yog cog los ntawm cov noob, tubers thiab txiav (nplooj lossis qia daim). Cov noob me me heev, lawv tau sown yam tsis muaj noob, koj yuav tsum tau tos ib hlis lossis ob zaug rau cov noob, lawv tsis dhia dej.tsawg dua ob zaug, qhov yuav tsum tau kub rau germination yog hais txog 25 degrees. Tubers tuaj yeem faib tau, tab sis qhov tsis muaj qhov ntsuas thiab cov khoom siv substrate yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam, ib qho tshiab txiav yuav tsum tau dipped rau hauv activated charcoal hmoov.
Sterility tseem tsim nyog rau kev txiav. Nplooj cuttings yog rooted nyob rau hauv xuab zeb los yog nyob rau hauv ib tug sib tov ntawm xuab zeb thiab moss (feem 1: 4), nias pob zeb rau lub substrate. Ntawm ib daim nplooj, txiav yog ua nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm venation. Cuttings los ntawm qia yog thawj rooted nyob rau hauv dej. Ib qho xwm txheej tsim nyog rau txhua hom kev yug me nyuam yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws av noo noo. Cov nroj tsuag tsis tuaj yeem sawv ntsug qhuav av thiab huab cua (tsis txhob hnov qab, lawv lub tebchaws yog lub tropics). Tab sis nrog dej ntau dhau, lawv tuaj yeem rot.
Tsis txhob hnov qab txog cov teeb pom kev zoo diffused (rau kev teeb pom kev zoo, nws txaus siv lub teeb 60 W). Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tsis tu ncua cua cov cuttings npog nrog ib lub hub. Muaj kev txwv tsis pub dej txias rau cov txheej txheem ntub dej thaum txau cov av av nrog cov noob los yog txiav, watering faus tubers. Cov av zoo tshaj plaws yuav yog kev sib xyaw ntawm turf, nplooj nplooj, humus, peat thiab xuab zeb hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 3: 1 / 4: 1 / 2: 1, 5: 1. Peat yog qhov tsim nyog tshwj xeeb rau tuberous begonia. Nws xav tau av acidity nyob rau hauv pH ntau ntawm 6-6.5. Feem ntau begonias tsis nyiam tig lub lauj kaub.
