So hauv lub tebchaws tuaj yeem ua rau tsis nco qab yog tias tsis yog tus qauv brazier paub rau txhua tus, lub qhov cub ntawm tus qauv sib txawv tau teeb tsa ntawm no. Lub tandoor tseem siv los ntawm cov neeg ntawm Asia nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua noj. Nrog nws, koj tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom noj khoom haus tiag tiag. Cov zaub mov yuav siv rau qhov tshwj xeeb tsw. Yuav ua li cas los tsim ib lub tandoor nrog koj tus kheej tes yuav tham ntxiv.
Ntse
Tandir (daim duab ntawm ib qho ntawm cov kev xaiv tau nthuav tawm hauv qab no) yog lub nkoj ua los ntawm av nplaum, uas tapers upwards. Muaj ib lub qhov uas muaj roj tso rau hauv, nrog rau cov zaub mov ua noj.
Lub tshuab cua yog teem rau hauv qab. Nws raug kaw nrog lub kaw lus. Qhov no tso cai rau koj kom tswj tau qhov tsim nyog traction. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov khoom tsis tawg thaum lub sij hawm cua sov, thiab cov phab ntsa tuav ib tug tas li kub nyob rau hauv. Nws yuav nyuaj rau tsim ib lub tandoor tiag tiag los ntawm tib cov ntaub ntawv siv los ntawm Asian craftsmen. Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau xyuas kom zoo thermal rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov av nplaum, nws yog lined nrog cib. Nruab nrabcov phab ntsa yog qhov chaw. Nws yog npog nrog xuab zeb, av nplaum los yog ntsev.
Qhov kev npaj ntawm lub tandoor tso cai rau cov phab ntsa sab hauv kom muaj cua sov. Qhov cub hauv qhov cub kub txog 200-400 ºС. Av nplaum tso qhov kub thiab txias. Yog li ntawd, lub tshav kub nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug hearth tseem nyob rau theem siab mus txog rau 4 teev. Lub sijhawm no, nrog kev pab ntawm tandoor, koj tuaj yeem ua noj ntau yam tais diav. Koj tuaj yeem ci, boil thiab kib.
Khaws qhov kub thiab txias sab hauv, nrog rau kev tsim lub qhov cub kaw, ua kom cov khoom muaj kua. Lawv ua noj sai sai, tau txais ib qho tshwj xeeb saj thiab aroma. Cov ncuav mog qab zib yog npaj los ntawm kev txuas lub khob noom cookie rau phab ntsa ntawm qhov cub, shish kebab yog dai rau ntawm skewers. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib lub lattice yog teem rau hauv, uas yog tsau nrog kev pab los ntawm tshwj xeeb fasteners. Nws tuaj yeem ua tau ntau yam tais diav.
Txhawm rau ua haujlwm tandoor kom raug, koj yuav tsum ua ob peb kauj ruam. Ua ntej, hluav taws kub hnyiab hauv. Cov phab ntsa yuav tsum sov kom zoo. Lawv tig liab nrog cua sov. Nyob rau theem no, lub tshuab blower tseem qhib. Phab ntsa yuav nqus cua sov li hluav taws kub.
Thaum cov txheej txheem combustion tiav, coals yuav tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum kaw lub tshuab cua. Cov phab ntsa yog txaws nrog dej. Qhov no yuav tiv thaiv zaub mov los ntawm kev lo. Tom qab ntawd, npaj cov tais diav ntim rau hauv. Lawv kuj yuav tsum tau nchuav nrog dej me ntsis. Npog lub qhov cub nrog lub hau kom paub tseeb tias ua noj.
Classic av nplaum cub
Lub tandoor classic (duab hauv qab) tau ua txhua lub sijhawm los ntawm cov av nplaum tshwj xeeb. Muaj cov kev cai tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom siv. Classic altandoor yog molded los ntawm Akhangaran kaolin av nplaum. Nws tso cai rau koj los tsim lub nkoj nrog cov thermal rwb thaiv tsev zoo.
Kom tsis txhob tawg ntawm cov khoom thaum lub sij hawm cua sov, ntxhuav, yaj ntaub yog ntxiv rau nws. Vim hais tias ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm classical technology, nws yuav nyuaj heev los ua ib tug classic version ntawm lub tandoor. Nws yog qhov nyuaj kom tau txais cov av nplaum tshwj xeeb, rau qhov laj thawj pom tseeb, hauv peb lub tebchaws. Cov lus zais ntawm cov neeg Esxias cov ntsiab lus ntawm tus tswv tseem khaws cia.
av nplaum rau tandoor tuaj yeem npaj tau raws li daim ntawv qhia tshwj xeeb. Qhov kev xaiv no yog tsim rau cov tswv uas, los ntawm tag nrho cov txhais tau tias, xav tsim ib tug classic tandoor. Nws yog tsim nyog los npaj kaolin. Nws yog tov nrog ntaub plaub, uas yuav tsum xub txiav mus rau hauv 10-15 mm fibers. Koj yuav tsum tau nkig sib tov.
Cov av nplaum tau tso rau ib lub lim tiam, nplawm qee zaus. Qhov no yuav cia nws qhuav tusyees. Yog hais tias dej nyob rau saum toj, nws yog drained. Tsis tas yuav muab cov kua ntau dhau rau hauv av nplaum. Cov dej tsawg dua nyob rau hauv qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, qhov tsawg dua nws yog qhov cub yuav tawg thaum rhuab. Tom qab ib lub lim tiam, cov khoom yuav pib zoo li plasticine. Txhua yam khoom tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov av nplaum.
Ntxiv mus, cov nplooj ntawv oblong-puab yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv. Lawv yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog 5 cm tuab. Tsiv nyob rau hauv ib lub voj voog, lub qhov cub yog molded los ntawm lawv. Nyob rau hauv lub classic version, qhov siab ntawm lub tandoor yog 100-150 cm. Qhov txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub widest taw tes yog 100 cm, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caj dab - 50-60 cm. nyob rau hauv qis ib feem, koj yuav tsum tau tawm ib lub tshuab blower.
Tandir qhuavnyob rau hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo txog li 30 hnub. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau overlay cov phab ntsa ntawm lub cub tawg nrog fireclay cib, tus nqi ntawm uas yog kwv yees li 50-60 rubles. ib daim. Raws li kev daws teeb meem, koj tuaj yeem siv tib av nplaum lossis cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb refractory. Xuab zeb yog nchuav ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub nkoj thiab lub cib casing. Txhua txheej yuav tsum tau compacted zoo.
Sab hauv ntawm tandoor yog npog nrog paj rwb noob roj. Tom ntej no, cov av nplaum raug rho tawm haujlwm. Qhov kub nce maj mam. Cov txheej txheem yuav siv sij hawm ib hnub. Cov kab nrib pleb tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog cua sov tam sim.
Brick tandoor
Qhov cub niaj hnub yog fireclay cib tandoor. Tus nqi ntawm lub tsev zoo li no yuav siab dua me ntsis thaum siv av nplaum. Tab sis technically nws yuav yooj yim dua los tsim xws li kev tsim. Qhov tseeb. Tias tsis muaj kev cob qhia tshwj xeeb, tus tswv, feem ntau yuav, yuav tsis tuaj yeem tsim lub nkoj hauv av thawj zaug, uas yuav tsis tawg thaum rhuab. Kev siv thev naus laus zis tau ua tiav los ntawm kev sim thiab qhov yuam kev.
Cov qauv cib tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm tus tswv uas tsis muaj kev paub ntau hauv kev tsim cov cub tawg. Qhov kev pheej hmoo hauv qhov no yuav tsawg dua. Raws li kev txheeb xyuas, ntau cov av nplaum tandoor poob sib nrug hauv thawj lub lim tiam ntawm ziab. Kev siv cov cib tau lees paub qhov zoo ntawm lub qhov cub tiav. Ib daim duab ntawm fireclay cib tandoor yog nthuav tawm hauv qab no.
Tau kawg, qhov cub zoo li no txawv ntawm cov Asian classic version. Txawm li cas los xij, cov zaub mov hauv xws li tandoor tsis muaj cua tsawg. Txhawm rau tsim cov qauv zoo sib xws nrog koj tus kheej tes, koj yuav tsum tau npaj cov khoom tsim nyog. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, koj yuav tsum tau yuavib tug txaus npaum li cas ntawm fireclay bricks. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob yuav nws ntxiv lossis kom tsis txhob them nyiaj ntau dhau, nws raug nquahu kom tsim cov duab kos ntawm lub qhov cub. Nws yuav tsum yog qhov tseeb, qhia txhua qhov ntau thiab tsawg.
Raws li qhov project tsim, nws yuav yooj yim rau kev suav tus lej ntawm cov cib thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau yuav ib qho tshwj xeeb refractory sib tov rau masonry. Nws suav nrog ntau lub ntsiab lus tsim nyog. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los yuav cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke. Cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus muab qhov tseeb proportions ntawm cov khoom xyaw hauv lawv.
Koj yuav tsum yuav kaolin (chamotte av nplaum). Txhawm rau tsim lub hauv paus, koj yuav xav tau pob zeb qib M400, xuab zeb thiab mesh reinforcement. Lub template ncej yog ua los ntawm ntoo. Nws kuj tseem yuav tau yuav cov khoom uas xav tau.
Kiln types
Muaj ntau hom tandoor. Lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua 2 pawg loj. Thawj ntawm cov no suav nrog ntau yam ntawm qhov chaw nyob ruaj khov. Lawv txawv ntawm qhov loj me. Cov pab pawg thib ob suav nrog cov khoom nqa tau (mobile) ntau yam.
Cov tsev nyob ruaj khov yog ua los ntawm cib lossis av nplaum. Rau lub caij ntuj sov qhov chaw nyob, ib lub tswv yim ntawm tus kheej nrog qhov loj me, qhov kev xaiv no yuav zoo dua. Nws yog qhov yooj yim dua los ua hom rauv nrog koj tus kheej tes. Ib qho kev xaiv rau cov qauv zoo li no yog lub qhov tandoor. Nws yog underground kiag li.
Ib qho av tiag tiag (qhov) hom tandoor yog ua los ntawm cov pob zeb uas tsis muaj pob zeb. Nws txoj kab uas hla yog 50 cm, thiab nws qhov tob yog 35 cm. Ib chav inclined yog tsim nyob ze rau muab cua thaum lub sij hawm combustion txheej txheem. Yog hais tias cov pob zeb ntawm qhov chaw muaj ntau hom, cov phab ntsa yog lined nrog qhuav fireclay cib. Cov pa cua yog tsim los ntawm cov kav dej. Cov kws tshaj lij hais tias qhov kev xaiv thib ob yog qhov qis me ntsis hauv qhov zoo rau lub qhov tandoor.
Feem ntau, cov tandoors hauv av yog tsim los ntawm lawv tus kheej tes. Lawv tuaj yeem muaj ob qho tib si ntsug thiab kab rov tav loading axis. Thawj qhov kev xaiv yog universal. Hauv qhov cub zoo li no, koj tuaj yeem ua noj txhua yam tais diav. Nrog rau kab rov tav loading, lub tandoor yog siv los npaj ntau yam tais diav (pilaf, barbecue, ca ncuav mog qab zib, thiab lwm yam). Cov zaub mov raug tshem tawm ntawm qhov cub nrog kev pab ntawm hooks, ladles. Txuag hluav taws hauv cov cuab yeej zoo li no yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb. Lawv yuav xav tau 2-3 npaug ntau dua li thaum siv cov khoom noj ua ke.
Mobile tandoors yog muag hauv khw. Lawv tsis yog ua los ntawm tes. Nws yog qhov yooj yim dua los yuav lub qhov cub zoo sib xws, siv sijhawm ntev hauv koj lub tsev hauv lub tebchaws. Phab ntsa tuab yog 3-7 cm. Qhov ntev me me.
Npaj kev tsim kho
Lub portable tandoor tuaj yeem yuav ntawm lub khw, thiab nws yuav nyuaj heev los tsim cov av nplaum nrog koj tus kheej tes. Yog li ntawd, cov tswv ntawm cov phiaj xwm ntiag tug raug qhia kom xaiv cov tsev nyob ruaj khov ua los ntawm cov av nplaum thiab cib. Qhov no yog cov qauv yooj yim, tab sis koj yuav tsum nkag siab meej tias yuav tsim kom raug li cas.
Cov khoom siv yuav txawv nyob ntawm seb hom rauv, nws qhov ntev. Piv txwv li, ib qho ntawm qhov nrov sib txawv ntawm tandoor yuav raug txiav txim siab. Qhov no yog ib qho saum toj-hauv av hom rauv, uas yog nruab rau ntawm lub hauv paus. Lub tandoor yuav muaj ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 100 cm nyob rau hauv ib tug dav qhov chaw, nyob rau hauv ib tug nqaimib feem, nws yuav yog 50 cm. Yuav kom tiv taus qhov hnyav ntawm cov qauv zoo li no, koj yuav tsum tau ua ib lub phaj nrog lub thickness tsawg kawg yog 10 cm.
Rau qhov kev tsim kho, koj yuav tsum tau yuav 150 kg ntawm xuab zeb, ib qho hlau reinforcing mesh nrog mesh loj ntawm 5 cm (2 m² yuav tsum tau). Koj kuj yuav tsum tau yuav cov cement hom M400 ntawm 7 kg. Fireclay bricks yog muas los ntawm daim. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xam nws qhov ntau. Cov qauv zoo li no feem ntau xav tau 50 txog 70 cib.
Los tsim cov masonry, cov khoom sib xyaw refractory ntawm 20 kg yog muas. Koj tseem yuav xav tau fiberglass reinforcement nrog ib ntu ntawm 6 hli (tsawg kawg 15 m). Tus nqi ntawm kev yuav cov xim refractory (1 l), steel hlau nrog hla ntu ntawm 3 hli (15 m) yuav tsum suav nrog hauv kev kwv yees.
Koj yuav tsum npaj cov cuab yeej. Yuav luag txhua tus tswv tsev muaj qee qhov ntawm lawv. Qee cov cuab yeej yuav tsum tau yuav nyias. Koj yuav tsum yuav txoj cai plastering, lub thawv rau kev sib xyaw cov cement, grinder nrog pob zeb diamond log. Koj yuav xav tau ib tug spatula, ib tug txhuam hniav. Tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem mus ua haujlwm.
Foundation
Yuav ua li cas los tsim ib lub tandoor nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes? Ua ntej koj yuav tsum tsim lub hauv paus. Lub qhov cub yuav loj txaus. Yog li ntawd, nyob ruaj ruaj saum av qauv yuav tsum tau ua rau ntawm lub hauv paus. Hauv qhov no, tus qauv tsim yuav ruaj khov. Nws yog tsim nyog xav tias yog cov av yog clayey, lub hauv paus yuav tsum tau ntxiv dag zog.
Yog cov av hnyav, koj tuaj yeem tsim lub hauv paus columnar. Nyob rau hauv lub teeb av, ib tug monolithic puag yog ntau dua nruab. Rau tandoor nrog qhov ntevKoj yuav tsum tau ua ib qho chaw so hauv ib ntu ntawm tsawg kawg 15 cm. Lub slab yuav muab nchuav rau ntawm no. Nyob rau hauv nws cov ces kaum, yuav tsum tau recesses txog 80 cm, lawv txoj kab uas hla yog 13-14 cm.
Tom qab drilling cov qhov no, koj yuav tsum tsim kom muaj zog ntxiv rau lawv. Rau qhov no, fiberglass reinforcement tau muas.
Tom ntej no koj yuav tsum tau npaj cov pob zeb sib tov. Nws yog tsim nyog los sib tov 3 seem ntawm xuab zeb, 1 feem ntawm gravel (feem feem nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 1 cm), 1 feem ntawm cov cement. Los ntawm kev ntxiv dej rau qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, lawv ua tiav cov tshuaj tuab.
Ib txheej xuab zeb yog nchuav rau hauv qab ntawm lub qhov uas npaj. Nws yog sprinkled nrog dej thiab rammed. Tom ntej no, formwork los ntawm ru tsev boards (dav 15 cm) yog mounted. Nws qhov siab tshaj plaws hauv av yog 5 cm. Ib qho kev txhawb nqa mesh yog pw rau hauv qab. Qhob yog nchuav rau hauv. Nws teem sijhawm tsawg kawg yog 7 hnub. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los npog qhov chaw nrog cellophane. Pob zeb yog watered ib ntus kom tsis txhob tawg.
Foundation
Lub cib (pob zeb) tandoor yog teem rau ntawm lub hauv paus nrog koj tus kheej tes. Thaum lub hauv paus dries tawm (tsawg kawg ib lub lim tiam), koj yuav tsum tau nteg tawm lub hauv paus ntawm refractory cib. Cov khoom no yuav tsis nqus dej noo. Nws yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau kev tsim lub qhov cub ntoo lossis charcoal. Cov blocks muaj zog heev, lawv tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov hnyav ntawm phab ntsa ntawm tandoor.
Fireclay cib tsis tawg nyob rau hauv qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Lub qhov cub nyob ruaj ruaj yuav tuaj yeem tiv taus txhua qhov Frost nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, nrog rau cov cua sov tom ntej thaum ua noj.
Lub hauv paus yuav puag ncig. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los npaj cov qauv tsim nyogqhov loj. Nrog nws cov kev pab, daim ntawv yog teem nrog chalk. Hauv cov piv txwv uas nthuav tawm, txoj kab uas hla ntawm tus qauv yog 75 cm.
Ua ntej, ib txheej ntawm cov khoom siv vov tsev yog muab tso rau ntawm lub hauv paus pob zeb. Qhov no yog tsim nyog los tsim waterproofing, ncua lub neej ntawm lub cub tawg. Tom ntej no, cov cib tau muab tso rau ntawm nws. Lawv muab tso rau ntawm ib sab. Nws hloov tawm ib lub puag ncig. Tsis tas li ntawd, nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug qauv, ib lub voj voog yog qhia nrog chalk ntawm lub hauv paus tsim. Cov khoom tsis tsim nyog raug txiav nrog lub grinder. Qhov no tsim ib puag ncig zoo kawg nkaus.
Tom qab ntawd, txheej txheem masonry pib. Ua ntej, lub refractory muaj pes tsawg leeg yog tov nrog dej. Nws yog siv rau ib txheej ntawm cov khoom vov tsev.
Walls
Xav txog cov thev naus laus zis ntawm kev tsim lub tandoor, koj yuav tsum xyuam xim tshwj xeeb rau cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov phab ntsa. Cov cib yog vertically. Txhawm rau kom lawv tau ruaj khov, nws yuav tsum tau siv nyiaj txaus ntawm cov tshuaj khib nyiab refractory. Cov npoo sab hauv ntawm cov cib yuav tsum haum snugly ua ke, tsim cov sab hauv ntawm qhov cub.
Cov seams tau ua tib zoo smeared nrog kev daws teeb meem. Thawj kab yuav tsum tau khi nrog hlau. Nws qhov kawg yog twisted. Lawv yuav tsum tau muab zais rau hauv ib qho ntawm cov seams. Cov txheej txheem tib yam yog ua tiav thaum tsim kab thib ob thiab thib peb. Nyob rau hauv ob txheej, koj yuav tsum tau txiav cov cib rau hauv ib tug wedge.
Thaum lub hauv paus ntawm cov phab ntsa cib tsim, lub tandoor yuav tsum tau plastered. Thaum lub sij hawm txoj kev no, ib tug refractory sib tov yog siv. Lub thickness ntawm txheej yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog 1 cm, lub sab saum toj yuav tsum tau muab sib dhos. Koj yuav tsum tau tos kom qhov sib tov kom qhuav tag. Ntxiv mus, qhov cub yog them rau lub sijhawm nocellophane.
painting the walls inside
Xav txog cov kev xaiv rau yuav ua li cas los tsim ib lub tandoor, nws yog tsim nyog sau cia hais tias nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, craftsmen coated lub qhov cub phab ntsa nrog refractory plaster tsis tsuas yog sab nraum, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yuav tsum tau tsis tsuas yog kom qhuav cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, tab sis kuj mus hlawv nws kom raug. Kaolin av nplaum tuaj yeem siv los ua cov phab ntsa sab hauv. Qee tus tswv tau hais tias qhov sib ntxiv ntawm yaj cov ntaub plaub rau qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
Muab cov av nplaum sib tov, koj yuav tsum tau tos kom txog thaum cov khoom xyaw qhuav. Ua li no, nws yog kneaded rau ib lub lim tiam, ib ntus ntws cov dej uas tshwm rau saum npoo. Qhov saum npoo ntawm qhov cub yog npog nrog cov khoom no, ua tib zoo leveling phab ntsa.
Thaum cov av nkos qhuav, koj yuav tsum tau ua ib phau ntawv hauv ib qho me me ntawm cov ntoo. Lawv tau teem rau hluav taws, thiab lub hau ntawm lub tandoor kaw. Lub tshuab raj tseem qhib. Qhov kub yuav tsum maj mam nce. Thaum thawj pob hluav taws kub hnyiab tawm, koj tuaj yeem ntxiv ntxiv. Yog li maj mam qhov ntsuas kub tau nce mus rau qhov siab tshaj plaws.
Cov txheej txheem no yog qhov nyuaj dua, tab sis qhov saj ntawm cov tais diav uas ua rau hauv lub tandoor yuav yog qhov kev txiav txim siab dua. Yog hais tias lub plaster tawg, nws yog upholstered thiab cov txheej txheem yog nqa tawm dua. Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus cov dej yuav tsum nyob twj ywm hauv av nplaum. Hauv qhov no, qhov tshwm sim ntawm nws qhov tawg thaum cua sov yuav tsawg heev.
Tandyr qhov cub tuaj yeem ua qhov kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm qhov chaw. Qhov no yog lub hauv paus ntawm qhov chaw nyob. Yog li ntawd, lub qhov cub yuav tsum tsis tsuas yog ua haujlwm, tab sis kuj zoo nkauj. Cov phab ntsa sab nrauv ntawm tandoor tuaj yeem ua taupleev xim nrog refractory xim. Qhov no yog qhov kev xaiv yooj yim tshaj plaws. Nws qhov ntxoov ntxoo yuav tsum raug xaiv raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev tsim toj roob hauv pes. Txhua lub ntsiab ntawm qhov chaw so yuav tsum muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog ib leeg.
Koj tuaj yeem ua lub pob zeb ntuj. Hauv qhov no, cov phab ntsa yuav zoo dua khaws cov cua sov. Koj tuaj yeem ua ib txheej thib ob ntawm brickwork. Nws kuj yuav tsum yog fireproof. Xuab zeb nchuav nruab nrab ntawm phab ntsa.
Tau txiav txim siab yuav ua li cas los tsim lub tandoor, koj tuaj yeem muab qhov chaw so rau ntawm tus kheej zaj dab neeg zoo li qub. Cov zaub mov siav hauv qhov cub no yuav qab heev.
