Artistic forging tshuab. Los ntawm ancient sij hawm mus rau niaj hnub no

Cov txheej txheem:

Artistic forging tshuab. Los ntawm ancient sij hawm mus rau niaj hnub no
Artistic forging tshuab. Los ntawm ancient sij hawm mus rau niaj hnub no
Anonim

Forging, raws li ib txoj kev ntawm kev ua hlau, tau paub txij thaum ub. Archaeological pom ua pov thawj tias kev lag luam hlau tau nquag tsim nyob rau hauv cov chaw qub qub ntawm thaj av Hiav Txwv Dub, Mesopotamia, thiab Egypt. Cov tswv thaum ub muaj cov lus zais ntawm ob qho tib si txias thiab kub forging. Cov kws ua hlau ua cov cuab yeej, riam phom thiab khoom siv hauv tsev los ntawm cov hlau ib txwm muaj. Thaum xub thawj, lawv tau ua haujlwm ib leeg, siv lub dab teg, rauj, forge, poker thiab tus ntiv tes ua haujlwm.

Hauv kev tsim cov saw hlau, hlau nplhaib, cov khoom thiab lwm cov ntaub ntawv nyuaj, cov tub ntxhais kawm tau koom nrog hauv kev ua haujlwm. Nyob rau hauv cov hnub, ua-nws-koj tus kheej kos duab forging yog nrov, cov cav tov tseem tsis tau siv. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XII, thawj ntau yam ntawm cov kws kho hniav tshwj xeeb tau tshwm sim: cov neeg ua kaus mom hlau, phom, cutlers thiab lwm yam. Qhov no ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov cuab yeej tshiab, kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm.

tshuab rauartistic forging tau tshwm sim ntau tom qab. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, hlau forging tau nquag siv nyob rau hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj toj roob hauv pes tsim nrog cov chaw ua si nrog gazebos, decorating lub tsev thiab laj kab. Aesthetic kev zoo nkauj maj mam txav cov practicality ntawm cov khoom hlau mus rau keeb kwm yav dhau. Forged ntsiab nyob rau hauv lub sab hauv ua tej hauj lwm ntawm kos duab nrog rau paintings ntawm artists.

Nyob rau xyoo pua 19th, casting thiab stamping ib nrab hloov ua haujlwm phau ntawv. Cov laj kab, rooj vag, thiab lwm yam khoom siv kho kom zoo nkauj uas siv cov cuab yeej niaj hnub no tau pheej yig dua li lawv cov neeg ua ntej. Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg siv khoom tau pom sai sai tias lub tshuab tsis muaj peev xwm ua tiav kev ua kom zoo nkauj thiab kos duab tsim. Yog li ntawd, cov txheej txheem ntawm phau ntawv qub thiab cov cuab yeej siv tau rov qab siv dua nrog cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub no.

Artistic forging
Artistic forging

Cov ntaub ntawv dav dav txog cov cuab yeej (artistic forging tshuab)

Vim kev kos duab forging yog ib txoj haujlwm nyuaj heev, cov neeg ua haujlwm ua haujlwm zoo thiab ua tib zoo khaws nws cov kev coj noj coj ua zoo nkauj, dhau sijhawm sim cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb los ntawm ib tiam dhau ib tiam. Ua ntej pib ua hauj lwm, cov hlau yog rhuab nyob rau hauv ib tug forge los yog roj rauv. Thawj lub qhov cub yog ib qho classic version uas tau siv kom deb li deb raws li lub Hnub Nyoog Hlau. Niaj hnub no, craftsmen yuav los yog nws tus kheej tsim gas forges rau tsev neeg xav tau kev pab. Txij li thaum immemorial, lub anvil tau raug suav hais tias yog hom thaj tsam rau kev ua haujlwm hlau.

Anvil

Cov cuab yeej - Anvil
Cov cuab yeej - Anvil

Kev paub tau pom tias feem ntaukev vam meej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv yog ib tug-horned steel anvil, uas yog ntse siv los ntawm niaj hnub craftsmen. Ntawm cov txheej txheem conical, cov craftsmen khoov lub workpiece ntawm lub kaum sab xis los yog daim ntawv rings. Yog hais tias tsim nyog, ib tug shperak yog txuas mus rau lub hauv paus - ib tug portable anvil, qhov chaw me me yog ua tiav, ib tug neeg cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov qauv raug kho, lub workpiece yog tuav los yog tig dua nrog tongs uas muaj ib tug txawv duab. Thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov hlau txias, cov pliers yog siv. Deform hlau nrog ib tug sledgehammer, rauj thiab rauj. Lawv ntaus lub workpiece nrog lub zog sib txawv.

Nyob rau xyoo pua 19th, cov hammers loj loj pib hloov los ntawm hydraulic presses. Cov cuab yeej txhim kho tso cai rau koj kom ua tau zoo ntawm cov hlau loj, muab cov duab xav tau yam tsis tau co chav. Txiav hlau nrog ib tug nuv thiab ib tug chisel. Lub workpiece yog sib cais (pinched) los ntawm kev txiav, lub chisel yog ntaus nrog ib tug sledgehammer. Txhawm rau xuas nrig ntaus hauv cov hlau (piv txwv li, square, duab plaub thiab lwm yam duab), xuas nrig ntaus yog siv, thiab muab cov forging ib yam zoo li (piv txwv li, faceted, ellipsoidal lossis cylindrical), crimps yog siv.

Artistic forging tshuab
Artistic forging tshuab

Qeb ntawm hlau kos duab forging tshuab

Hnub no, txhua yam cuab yeej cuab yeej cuab yeej muab faib ua 4 pawg:

• txhawb nqa;

• drums;

• pab;

• Ntsuas.

Feem ntau lawv yog cov xeeb ntxwv ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab yeej cuab tam qub.

Cov cuab yeej yam tsawg kawg nkaus rau DIYer

Artistic forging
Artistic forging

Cov khoom tsim nyog yuav nyob ntawm txoj kev forging uas tau npaj los siv thaum ua haujlwm nrog hlau. Txhawm rau tsim cov khoom lag luam los ntawm txias forging, cov cuab yeej hauv qab no thiab cov cav tov rau kev kos duab forging yuav tsum tau npaj ua ntej:

• hlau txiav tshuab (sib tsoo hom);

• daim npog qhov ncauj vuam tshuab;

• cov khoom siv rau twisting blanks (strips thiab rods) hauv ob lub dav hlau;

• vise.

Rau kub forging koj tseem xav tau:

• gas horn;

• eccentric, uas qhov kawg ntawm cov khoom yuav dov tawm;

• crimper - muab cov khoom xav tau;

• Volumetric - rau tsim curls.

Hnub no, cov kws tsim khoom siv tes ua cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub thiab niaj hnub los tsim cov khoom hlau hauv tsev. Kev ua siab ntev me ntsis, cov lus qhia los ntawm cov kws paub txog kev txawj ntse, ob peb qhov ua tsis tiav me me - thiab koj tuaj yeem pib tsim cov duab kos duab tiag tiag.

Pom zoo: