Qhob yog kab tias yog cov khoom siv hauv tsev uas xav tau tshaj plaws, siv dav hauv kev tsim kho ntawm ob lub tsev ntiag tug thiab cov tsev loj ntau-storey. Muaj ntau lub npe ntawm cov khoom siv no tsim los siv rau ntau lub hom phiaj. Ib qho nrov tshaj plaws yog pob zeb B15 (chav kawm) lossis M200 (qib).
Cov yam ntxwv dav dav
Concrete B15 (qib M200) belongs rau pab pawg nrog qhov nruab nrab lub zog ntawm 196 kgf / sq.cm. Nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv raws li GOST cov qauv ntawm cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub, ntawm cov kab automated. Qhov tshwm sim yog cov khoom siv zoo heev uas tsim nyog rau kev tsim kho ntawm ntau yam qauv ntawm cov tsev.
siv thaj chaw
Kev tsim cov plag tsev ruaj khov - lub ntsiab ntawm cov khoom siv no. Nws tiv taus huab cua tsis zoo yog nyob rau theem nruab nrab. Thiab yog li ntawd nws yog qhov tsim nyog siv nws sab hauv tsev. Lub screed siv cov khoom siv no yog qhov txhim khu kev qha thiab ruaj khov. Tsis tas li ntawd, B15 pob zeb yog ib hom,siv thaum:
- kev tsim kho ntawm lub hauv paus (tsuas yog outbuildings);
- phab ntsa;
- pab kev thiab thaiv;
- muab qhov muag tsis pom;
- tsim cov ntaiv thiab porches;
- tsim cov khoom ua vaj tsev precast;
- cov kab;
- los tsim ib lub substrate rau kev ua haujlwm.
qib B15: muaj pes tsawg leeg
Tsim cov qauv B15 pob zeb siv cov khoom xyaw hauv qab no:
- Cement (30 kg).
- Cov khoom me me (40 kg). Nws raug tso cai siv xuab zeb nrog qhov loj me ntawm 0.15 txog 5 hli. Nws qhov ceev yuav tsum yog 1790 kg/m3.
- Crushed los yog gravel (90 kg). Qhov luaj li cas ntawm qhov muab tub lim no yog los ntawm 6 mus rau 70 mm. Thaum txhim kho cov qauv loj, nws raug tso cai siv cov pob zeb crushed nrog ib feem me me txog li 140 hli.
Cov khoom qhuav qhuav yog sib xyaw ua ntej thiab tom qab ntawd diluted nrog dej hauv qhov nyiaj ntawm 20% ntawm tag nrho cov ntim. Qee zaum cov chaw tsim khoom ntxiv ntau hom minerals, plasticizers, thiab lwm yam los txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom tiav.
Qhob qib B15 (GOST 7473-2010) yog tsim los ntawm cov cement zoo. Feem ntau nws yog ib yam khoom ntawm M400 hom. Qhov loj piv ntawm cementxuab zebcrushed pob zeb nyob rau hauv proportions yuav raws li nram no: 12, 84, 8.
Ntau yam
Tam sim no tsim ntau hom pob zeb ntawm chav kawm no. Lawv txawvtuaj yeem, piv txwv li, los ntawm hom muab tub lim siv. Nws tuaj yeem yog txiv qaub, granite lossis gravel crushed pob zeb. Kuj tseem muaj ntau yam ntawm cov khoom siv no nrog qhov tsis sib xws ntawm kev txav mus los thiab kev nruj.
Hom rau chav kawm piv
Txoj kev ntseeg nrov, pob zeb tsis nres kom muaj zog tom qab 28 hnub. Cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem siv sijhawm txhua lub sijhawm ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qauv tsim los ntawm nws. Lub hom phiaj ntawm pob zeb yog txiav txim siab nyob ntawm seb tus nqi ntawm cov cement siv hauv nws cov khoom siv. Qhov ntsuas no ua lub luag haujlwm txiav txim siab hauv lub peev xwm ntawm pob zeb kom tiv thaiv compression thiab nthuav dav. Nws ntsuas hauv kgf/cm3. Yog li, M200 qhob qib qhia tau hais tias lub zog compressive yog 200 kgf / cm3.
Ntxiv rau cov hom, pob zeb tseem muab faib ua cov chav kawm. Qhov ntsuas no txiav txim siab qhov siab tshaj plaws uas cov khoom tiav tuaj yeem tiv taus hauv megapascals. Hauv kev sib piv rau B 15, qhov no yog 15 MPa (hauv 95% ntawm cov neeg mob). Cov chav kawm ntawm pob zeb nws tus kheej yog qhia los ntawm tsab ntawv "B".
Yav dhau los, lub zog ntawm pob zeb tau txiav txim siab los ntawm qib. Tam sim no cov khoom no tau muab faib ua feem ntau ntawm cov chav kawm. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau ua kom yooj yim dua rau cov neeg siv los tsom rau lub hom, cov rooj tshwj xeeb tau tsim nyob rau hauv uas cov ntawv sau ntawm ob qhov ntsuas tau muab.
qib pob zeb los ntawm lwm qhov ntsuas
Lub zog tsis yog tib qho kev ntsuas uas koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau thaum yuav khoom sib tov. Qhov taw qhia tseem ceeb heev kuj yog hom tshuaj khib nyiab rau Frost tsis kam. Nws yog cim los ntawm tsab ntawv F thiab tus lej pib ntawm 25. Hauv kev xyaum, hauv kev tsim vaj tsev ntiag tug, pob zeb ua ke nrog qib F100-200 feem ntau yog siv.
Lwm qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov dej tsis kam ntawm pob zeb. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov khoom yuav raug cim raws li W2, W4, W6, W8 thiab W12. Cov lej qhia cov dej siab ntawm lub tog raj kheej kheej kheej 15 cm siab tsis tso dej los ntawm qee qhov siab. Qeb B15 muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo heev hauv qhov no.
Tsis tas li, thaum yuav pob zeb, koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas raws li cov qauv ntawm lub khob hliav qab. Qhov no parameter txiav txim siab xws li ib tug yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom raws li mobility. Qhov ntsuas no yog cim rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov sib tov nrog tsab ntawv "P". Feem ntau, pob zeb nrog kev txav P-2 thiab P-3 yog siv hauv kev tsim kho. Cov kev daws teeb meem P-4 thiab saum toj no yog siv yog tias nws yuav tsum tau sau cov chaw nyuaj mus txog. Cov pob zeb yas kuj tseem siv tau thaum nchuav ua tiav siv lub twj tso kua mis.
Specifications
Cov khoom tshwj xeeb dab tsi yog cov pob zeb sib txawv B15 (qib M200), tuaj yeem pom hauv cov lus hauv qab no.
| Indicator | Parameters |
| Frost resistance | F100 (yog tias koj khov thiab thaw cov khoom 100 zaug, qhov poob ntawm lub zog yuav tsis ntau tshaj 5%) |
| W6 (tiv thaiv qhov nkag ntawm dej ntawm qhov siab txog 0.6 atm) | |
| Kev | P3 |
khoom nqi
Tus nqi rau cov chav kawm B15 (qib M200) yog nyob ntawm ntau yam ntawm cov pob zeb crushed siv hauv kev tsim khoom. Piv txwv li, yog tias nws yog granite, koj yuav tau them txog 3,850 rubles ib cubic meter ntawm B15 pob zeb (cov ntaub ntawv rau 2015). Rau kev xaiv nrog gravel muab tub lim - kwv yees li 3600 rubles.
Ua hauv tsev
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, koj tuaj yeem tau txais cov khoom sib tov zoo tsuas yog siv lub pob zeb sib tov. Manually, pob zeb zoo ntawm chav B15, qib M200, tsis tuaj yeem kneaded. Cov txheej txheem rau kev npaj cov tshuaj yog raws li nram no:
- Xuab zeb thiab cement tau sib xyaw ua ntej. Nyob rau tib theem, koj muaj peev xwm ntxiv ib tug additive uas ua rau kom Frost tsis kam (rau 20 kg ntawm cement 2 kg).
- dej ntxiv, ces gravel.
- Qhov tshwm sim loj yog sib xyaw rau tsawg kawg peb feeb.
Nyob rau hauv qhov sib piv, pob zeb B15 (qib M200) yog npaj nyob rau hauv cov nram no proportions: 19 litres ntawm xuab zeb thiab 33 litres ntawm crushed pob zeb yog muab rau 10 litres ntawm cement. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv kaum-liter thoob, qhov piv yuav yog ib yam dab tsi zoo li no: 1x2x3, 5.
Thaum lub sijhawm tsim cov pob zeb ntawm qib no, kev sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tsis pub ntau tshaj 1% tau tso cai.
piv txwv ntawm kneading
Rau ib lub hauv paus ntawm lub hauv paus columnar nrog ntim ntawm 0.11 m 3 koj yuav xav tau kwv yees li 19 kg ntawm cement, 41 kg ntawm xuab zeb, 78 kg ntawm crushed gravel, thiab 9kg dej. Ib qho piv txwv zoo sib xws yog siv tau thaum siv cov cement hom M400. Raunchuav kem yuav tsum tau ua kwv yees li ob batch.
Qhia lwm qib
Ntau zaus hauv kev tsim vaj tsev ntiag tug, cov pob zeb zoo qib M250 (B20) kuj tseem siv. Qhov ntau yam no muaj zog me ntsis dua li chav kawm B15 thiab tuaj yeem siv rau kev nchuav cov qab nthab uas tsis raug rau qhov hnyav. Qhob qib M300 (chav kawm B22, 5) feem ntau yog siv rau kev tsim kho ntawm sawb foundations. Rau kev nchuav cov pob zeb hauv lub hauv paus rau cov tsev, mortar M350 (chav B25) feem ntau siv.
Concrete B15 yog ib hom, hais txog lub zog, yog li, nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tsim kho ntawm cov khoom siv feem ntau hauv kev tsim vaj tsev ntiag tug. Cov yam ntxwv thev naus laus zis zoo heev, ua ke nrog tus nqi qis, ua rau nws pom zoo siv nws ob qho tib si rau cov screeds thiab pem teb, thiab rau lub hauv paus tsev (outbuildings) thiab partitions.
