Ib yam ntawm Portland cement yog cov cement zoo. Hom Portland cement no tuaj yeem siv rau hauv qhov dav tshaj plaws thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntsaws. Nws nyob ib qho ntawm qhov chaw tseem ceeb tshaj plaws vim yog kev sib xyaw ua ke zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej siv thiab kev tsim kho.
Cov khoom no yog dab tsi thiab nws txawv ntawm cov cement mortar li cas? Xav paub ntau ntxiv tom qab.
Special Features
Dab tsi ua kom zoo cement txawv ntawm Portland cement yog nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg: rau nws cov khoom siv, qee cov khoom ntxiv tau ntxiv rau cov crushed clinker puag nrog gypsum.
Rau cov roj thiab roj qhov dej, ntau hom kev sib tov yog tsim, uas tau muab faib ua cov subspecies hauv qab no:
- YHygroscopic. Txhawm rau kom tau txais cov khoom siv, cov tshuaj tua kab mob triethanolamine tau nkag rau hauv cov huab cua qhuav.
- Nyhav. Rau kev tsim khoom, cement clinker yog tov nrog gypsum thiab hnyav additives. Cov no tuaj yeem yog hlau ore hauv daim ntawv hnyav hnyav, hematites, magnetites.
- Sandy. Yuav kom tau txais cov khoom ntawm no subspecies, quartz xuab zeb nrog gypsum yog ntxiv rau qhov sib tov. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 50% rau "kub" qhov dej thiab tsawg dua 20% rau "txias" sawv daws yuav.
- Ntshav resistant. Nws yog siv qhov twg ntsev hauv cov dej hauv av muaj cov concentration siab. Qhov no ua rau corrosion, tab sis qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov av quartz xuab zeb tshem tawm qhov tsis zoo no.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm txhua hom nyob ntawm qhov sib npaug thiab cov khoom ntawm cov khoom. Cov no tuaj yeem yog quartz xuab zeb, ntxhia, limestone, slag.
Kev siv thev naus laus zis
Vim tias cov cement zoo yuav tsum tsis yog los ntawm tes, tab sis los ntawm cov twj tso kua mis, qhov loj yog ua kua txaus. Ua li no, ntxiv 1 feem ntawm dej mus rau 2 qhov chaw ntawm qhov sib tov qhuav. Lub resulting loj yog hu ua pulp. Yog hais tias qhov kub thiab txias, lub pulp yuav harden nyob rau hauv 1.5-10 teev. Qhov kub siab dua, qhov ceev ntawm cov cement yuav teeb. Daim ntawv thov hauv qhov dej txias (lossis yog qhov loj yog siv rau kev ua dej tsis zoo ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev thaum lub caij txias) ua rau lub fact tias cov txheej txheem hardening yuav pib nyob rau hauv 2-3 teev thiab xaus rau 20-22 teev. Ntsev-resistant cement yuav siv sij hawm ntev tshaj plaws los teeb.
Qhov ntsuas ntawm kev khoov lub zog ob hnub tom qab ua tiav solidification yog raws li hauv qab no:
- Yog tsis muaj cua sov - kwv yees li 62 kg/cm.
- Yog qhov ntsuas kub tsis tu ncua - 27 kg / cm
Tab sis qhov no tsuas yog siv cov roj zoo cement xwb. Yuav ua li cas xyuas nws qhov zoo? Muaj ib txoj kev yooj yim heev thiab txhim khu kev qha -sim los ntawm ib tug sieve. Ua li no, ua tib zoo sift me ntsis qhuav hmoov los ntawm ib tug sieve. Yog hais tias ¾ ntawm qhov qub ntim tseem nyob hauv lub sieve, cov khoom siv yog qhov zoo. Koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas nws ntawm qhov muag, tab sis tsuas yog cov neeg uas muaj kev paub dhau los nrog cov cement zoo tuaj yeem ua qhov no. Txwv tsis pub, koj yuav tau ntseeg tus neeg muag khoom. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov sib tov qhuav - tus nqi ntawm gypsum yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 3.5%.
Ntse
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv yog cov ntsuas hauv qab no:
- High curing ceev. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, kev txav mus los ntawm kev sib xyaw nrog dej yog khaws cia ntev.
- Dej resistant. Cov tshuaj tuaj yeem ua kom tawv txawm nyob hauv dej.
- Kev sib xyaw nrog cov khoom sib txawv. Ntxiv mus, nws tseem tuaj yeem yog cov chaw uas muaj lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg, suav nrog hlau.
- Txawm li cas los xij ntawm ib puag ncig, cov sib tov sib xyaw ua ke khaws lub zog thiab kev ncaj ncees rau lub sijhawm ntev.
Kev faib tawm nta
Zoo cement yog ntau hom. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv txawv nyob rau hauv txawv parameters. Yog li, raws li qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom, cov khoom tuaj yeem yog cov hauv qab no:
- Kuv - tsis muaj tshuaj ntxiv;
- II - nrog mint additives;
- III - nrog tshwj xeeb additives. Lawv siv los tswj qhov ntom ntom ntawm cov tshuaj.
Type III cov khoom tuaj yeem hnyav (Ut) thiab lightened (Ob). Tsis tas li ntawd, txhua yam khoom siv tau muab faib ua hom phiaj rau kev siv ntawm ib txwm (25-50), qis(15-24), nruab nrab (51-100) lossis siab (101-150) kub.
Symbols
Kev cim tshwj xeeb yog siv los txiav txim siab qib ntawm cov khoom:
- Roj av cement - PCT.
- Sulfate kuj - SS.
- Average density.
- Qhov siab tshaj qhov ntsuas kub thaum ua haujlwm.
- Plastification lossis hydrophobization. Tsim los ua Pl, Gf.
- Standard.
Piv txwv: PCT-I-SS-100. Lub npe hu ua cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no: cov khoom siv yog Portland cement, tsis muaj additives, thiab yog sulfate-resistant. Tsim los siv rau qhov kub ntawm 51 txog 100 degrees.
PCT-III-UT1-100. Qhov no yog hom rov qab ntawm Portland MAAs, ib hom sib sib zog nqus nrog qhov ntsuas qhov ceev ntawm 2.1 g / cm 3. Koj tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom ntawm qhov kub nruab nrab.
PCT-III-Ob5-50 - backfill cement. Nws yog ib hom kev sib tw. Nws muaj qhov ceev ntawm 1.5 g / cm3. Tso cai ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.
Quality check
Cov khoom siv no yog tsim los tsim cov dej tsis zoo ntawm cov dej, tab sis cov cement feem ntau siv rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm qee qhov chaw nyob lossis chaw ua haujlwm. Tab sis nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav kom cov khoom yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav nws lub hom phiaj ua hauj lwm, los xyuas kom meej lub nruj thiab kev cia siab ntawm lub tsim qauv thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm yuav tsum tau ib tug phooj ywg environmentally, nws yuav tsum tau zoo, thiab cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav tsum tsim nyog rau cov complexity. thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov haujlwm. Tsim rau qhov nokev sib xyaw ua ke tau sim.
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los ntsuas cov roj zoo cement, uas yog qhov chaw kuaj tshwj xeeb ua. Lawv txiav txim siab cov ntsuas hauv qab no:
- Density (kev sib nqus tshwj xeeb).
- Rheological zog.
- Thicken time.
- Kev sib cais dej.
- Filtration poob.
- Strength limit.
- Ultrasonic resistance.
- Permeability ntawm solidified cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov kua, roj, cua.
