Birch yog tsob ntoo nquag siv hauv kev lag luam rooj tog. Cov lus zais ntawm qhov muaj koob meej ntawm cov khoom siv no tsis yog txawm tias nyob rau hauv cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev yug me nyuam, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov tsos thiab ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg kiag li.
Scope of application
Birch yog siv hauv kev tsim rooj tog vim nws cov yam ntxwv:
- ntoo yooj yim ua;
- thaum saws lossis lwm yam machining tsis nti;
- khoov zoo thaum steamed.
Kev ua haujlwm sab hauv ua tiav hauv tsev, feem ntau tsis ua yam tsis siv ntoo. Qhov ntom ntawm birch tso cai rau nws siv rau hauv cov ntoo ntoo ntawm qhov sib txawv. Noj ib qho array ntawm birch ua cov khoom siv, nws yog ib qho yooj yim rau xyaum ua vaj huam sib luag hauv tsev, pom kev zoo li ntoo kim.
Txoj ntoo
Birch tau ntev tau dubbed tsob ntoo ntawm txoj sia. Nyob rau hauv Russia, nws tau ntseeg hais tias qhov no yog ib tug dawb huv thiab dawb huv creatures, personifying tus ntsuj plig ntawm ib tug hluas nkauj, uas, raws li cov lus dab neeg, hloov mus ua ib tug slender blond birch.
Lub npe ntawm tsob ntoo los ntawm Indo-European "ber", uas txhais tau tias "lub teeb" lossis "ntshiab". Birch (los ntawm Latin Bétula) yog ib tug genus ntawm blond ntoo teej tug mus rau tsev neeg Birch. Nyob rau hauv peb cheeb tsam, nws belongs rau cov tsiaj nrog ntau ntau haiv neeg thiab cov ntaub ntawv, cog ntom. Tias yog vim li cas cov neeg sawv cev ntawm kev lag luam hav zoov luam tawm cov ntsuas sib txawv ntawm tus nqi ntawm tsob ntoo hom nyob ntawm thaj chaw uas cov birch raug faib. Feem ntau, muaj txog ib puas hom ntoo birch nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no.
tus yam ntxwv ntoo
Cov ntoo zoo nkauj yog txheej, nrog cov curls zoo, feem ntau tsaus nti kab txaij, nrog ntau yam xim: los ntawm kaus ntxhw mus rau grey-liab. Cov ntoo yog homogeneous, tsis suav nrog natural resins. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev thiab txhua yam ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws. Birch yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qib siab ntawm lub zog nyob rau hauv txhua yam kev ntxhov siab - poob siab thiab kev puas tsuaj.
Birch yog cais raws li ib hom nrog qhov nruab nrab ntom ntawm ntoo. Qhov ntom ntawm birch, zoo li lwm hom, yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb Brinell nplai. Raws li lub rooj tsim tshwj xeeb, theem ntawm cov ntoo hardness yog cim nrog kwv yees li ntawm 3.5 ntsiab lus.
Birch ntuj noo noo cov ntsiab lus thiab cov khoom ntom ntom
Qhov ntom ntawm ntoo yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb saum toj saud nplai. Cov ntsiab lus muab raws li cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Brinell lub rooj yog xam raws li cov qauv, ua tsaug uas nws muaj peev xwm xam cov dej noo ntawm cov ntoo thiab sib piv nrog cov qauv.
Txoj kev txiav txim siab ceev los ntawmBrinell yog siv lub pob steel tawv, lub cheeb ntawm tsuas yog 10 millimeters. Nws yog nias rau saum npoo ntawm cov qauv kuaj nrog lub zog ntawm 100 kg. Tom qab ntawd, lub qhov tsim yog ntsuas. Tus nqi hardness yog xam los ntawm cov mis tshwj xeeb, thiab cov coefficient tau los ntawm kev txiav tawm yog qhov qhia txog qhov ntom ntom. Qhov siab dua, qhov ntau dua qhov ntom ntawm birch. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xav txog tias daim duab no yuav txawv.
Qhov ntom ntawm ntuj ya raws birch (12%) yog ze rau beech thiab txawm ntoo qhib, uas ua rau cov ntoo no yog cov khoom siv nrov tshaj plaws rau cov rooj tog ntau dua li ntoo thuv, qhov kev faib tawm yog ntau dua, tab sis qhov ntom ntawm ntoo. yog ob peb zaug qis.
Moisture yog thawj qhov cuam tshuam rau qhov ntom ntom. Txhawm rau sib piv qhov hardness qhov tseem ceeb ntawm ntoo ntawm ntau hom, tus nqi raug txo rau ib qho dej noo ntawm 12%. Ntom ntom thiab lub zog cov yam ntxwv zoo sib xws nrog txhua lwm yam. Qhov siab dua thawj qhov taw qhia, tsob ntoo muaj zog dua.
Siv hauv kev lag luam rooj tog, hlau birch nrog ntuj ya raws muaj ib tug hardness ntawm 750kg / m3, uas yog ib tug high-density ntoo.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj txiav txim siab qhov ntom ntawm qhov qhuav lossis ntub birch?
Cov ntoo nyoos yog suav tias yog ntoo, feem pua ntawm cov dej noo ntau tshaj 23%. Qhov ntsuas no cuam tshuam los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm kev cog ntoo, nrog rau cov xwm txheej rau nws qhov chaw cia ntxiv. Txhawm rau xam qhov ceev ntawm ntub birch, cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no yuav tsum tau: qhov loj thiab ntim ntawm tsob ntoo nrogmuab cov av noo. Qhov ceev ntawm raw birch yog xam los ntawm cov mis ρW=mW/VW W - preset ntoo noo noo cov ntsiab lus.
Qhov ntom ntawm cov khoom nce ntau nrog cov dej noo ntxiv.
Cov dej noo ntawm cov ntoo qhuav yog xoom. Qhov ceev ntawm cov birch qhuav yog ib qho yooj yim los xam siv cov mis uas hais txog qhov loj rau nws ntim: ρ0=m0/V 0
Qhov ntom ntawm cov pob zeb zoo li no yuav qis dua, vim tias cov kab noj hniav ntawm tes, nrog rau qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov ntoo, muaj cov pa npuas. Cov qauv ntxeem tau tsawg dua rau kev puas tsuaj.
Tsob ntoo nkag mus rau hauv kev lag luam hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntoo puag ncig, ntoo, veneer, plywood. Qhov ntom ntawm birch, uas nyob ntawm nws cov ntsiab lus noo noo, yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov yam ntxwv uas koj yuav tsum paub txog. Tom qab tag nrho, raws li qhov no, cov khoom siv tau txiav txim siab.
