Ib lub tsev ntiag tug uas muaj lub qab nthab lossis ob peb lub plag tsev yuav tsum muaj cov ntaiv hauv chav. Nws tuaj yeem dhau los ua qhov kho kom zoo nkauj tiag tiag ntawm sab hauv uas twb muaj lawm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus qauv tsim yuav tsum muaj zog, muaj kev nyab xeeb hauv kev ua haujlwm. Muaj cov cai hauv tsev thiab cov kev cai ntawm yuav ua li cas ua ib lub staircase hauv ib lub tsev ntiag tug. Tom qab kawm tag nrho cov nuances ntawm txoj haujlwm, koj tuaj yeem tsim cov qauv zoo li no koj tus kheej.
Design nta
Txawm tias tus tswv uas tsis muaj kev paub txaus hauv kev ua haujlwm zoo li no tuaj yeem ua tus ntaiv mus rau hauv pem teb thib 2, mus rau hauv qab nthab lossis chav tsev nrog nws txhais tes. Ua ntej koj pib tsim cov qauv, koj yuav tsum xav txog ob peb yam piv txwv, xaiv hom tsim nyog thiab kev teeb tsa ntawm cov qauv. Nws yog qhov zoo dua yog tias cov ntaiv yooj yim.
Qee zaum, txhawm rau ua kom yooj yim ntawm cov txheej txheem sib dhos, cov tswv tuaj yeem yuav cov khoom siv npaj txhij, uas suav nrog txhua qhov chaw rau kev sib sau cov ntaiv. Tag nrhonws cov khoom tsim yuav tsum tau sib sau ua ke siv dowels thiab hlau fab. Muaj cov qauv hlau. Lawv sib sau ua ke los ntawm vuam. Cov khoom siv npaj ua kom yooj yim heev rau kev tsim cov ntaiv. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov qauv zoo li no yuav raug.
Nws yog qhov nthuav ntau dua los ua txhua yam rau kev txhim kho koj tus kheej. Tus tsim yuav yog thawj, ntau npaum li qhov ua tau haum rau sab hauv uas twb muaj lawm. Tau kawg, kev tsim kho ntawm lub staircase yuav siv sij hawm ntau dua. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tshwm sim yuav dhau txhua qhov kev cia siab.
Yuav ua li cas stairs mus rau lub tsev pheeb suab los yog ob pem teb? Feem ntau, ntoo yog siv rau cov hom phiaj no. Cov khoom no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm yuav luag txhua tus tswv. Ua ntej koj yuav tsum tsim ib qhov project rau yav tom ntej cov khoom. Qhov no coj mus rau hauv tus account lub tsev yuav tsum. Xws li tus ntaiv yuav muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab xis nyob thaum ua haujlwm. Tus qauv tsim kuj tseem yuav tau txais kev saib xyuas txaus.
Cov ntsiab lus tsim kho
Xav txog yuav ua li cas ua ib lub staircase nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes, koj yuav tsum kawm nws cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb. Qhov no yuav tso cai rau koj los tsim cov phiaj xwm kev tsim kho. Cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum tau muaj nyob rau hauv kev tsim ntawm ib lub staircase muaj xws li cov kauj ruam thiab kev txhawb nqa. Nyob ntawm seb hom ntaiv, lwm yam khoom siv muaj nyob hauv nws.
Cov kauj ruam muaj cov kauj ruam thiab cov risers. Cov khoom thib ob tsis muaj nyob hauv txhua qhov tsim. Lub tread tuaj yeem kho ncaj qha rau ntawm kev txhawb nqa sab. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, qhov qis ntsugCov kauj ruam tsis siv.
Qhov kev txhawb nqa txhawb nqa kev ncua nrog cov kauj ruam. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm bowstring, kosour lossis khib. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus ntaiv tuaj yeem kho nrog kev pab ntawm bolts. Lub bowstring yog sab ntsej muag ntawm cov qauv uas cov kauj ruam txuas nrog. Kosour txhawb nqa lawv hauv qab no. Cov khib nyiab yog siv rau hauv cov qauv ntsia hlau. Cov bolts yog hlau dowels ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb zoo. Lawv txiav rau hauv phab ntsa thiab sab ntawm cov kauj ruam.
Yog tias lub staircase tsis nyob ib puag ncig ntawm phab ntsa ntawm ob sab, nws yuav tsum muaj ib txoj hlua. Lawv so ntawm balusters. Cov no tsis yog tsuas yog ua haujlwm xwb, tab sis kuj yog cov khoom zoo nkauj ntawm cov ntaiv.
Master kev tsim kho
Xav txog kev xaiv yuav ua li cas los ua ib lub staircase rau hauv pem teb thib ob, koj yuav tsum xaiv hom kev tsim kho uas tsim nyog tshaj plaws. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv ntsuas qhov chaw dawb hauv chav uas nws yuav muaj peev xwm txhim kho cov qauv. Yog tias muaj qhov chaw txaus, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tsim kom muaj lub hauv paus qauv. Nws tuaj yeem muab tso rau ntawm phab ntsa lossis hauv nruab nrab ntawm chav tsev.
Nyob hauv qab ntaiv taug kev, koj tuaj yeem muab lub pantry. Qhov no yog hom kev tsim kho yooj yim tshaj plaws hauv kev ua tiav. Qhov no yog ib los yog ntau tshaj inclined spans nrog cov kauj ruam. Nruab nrab ntawm cov qauv no yog kab rov tav platforms. Xws li ib lub staircase yuav tso cai tsis tau tsuas yog nce thiab nqis nws, tab sis kuj yuav hloov tag nrho cov khoom mus rau pem teb thib ob.
Thaum xav txog yuav ua li cas ua ib lub staircase ntoo, koj yuav tsum xaiv qhov kev xaiv no yog tias muaj chaw txaus hauv chav. Nws yooj yim los ua cov kauj ruam no.txav cov neeg laus, menyuam yaus. Muaj ntau qhov kev xav tau uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum tsim cov qauv tsim. Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov kauj ruam hauv ib ntu yuav tsum yog 3 pcs., thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws - 16 pcs. Yog tias tus ntaiv ntev dua, nws yuav tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev khiav haujlwm. Hauv qhov no, lub platform ib kauj ruam ntev rau tus neeg laus yog tsim los ntawm ob ntu.
Cov kauj ruam tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm kosour lossis bowstring. Thawj qhov kev xaiv yog yooj yim rau kev siv, yog li nws siv ntau zaus. Thaum xaiv ntoo, koj yuav tsum tau muab qhov kev nyiam rau cov ntaub ntawv zoo yam tsis muaj qhov tsis xws luag. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los yuav ntau yam ntawm nruab nrab hardness. Lawv yuav ua tau ntev heev. Cov khoom tuaj yeem ua tiav manually.
Tsim ntawm lub bolts
Nyob rau hauv kev tshawb nrhiav qhov project zoo tshaj plaws rau yuav ua li cas ua ib lub staircase hauv tsev nrog lawv tus kheej txhais tes, qee tus tswv tig lawv lub ntsej muag rau cov qauv siv bolts. Cov qauv zoo li no yuav ruaj khov. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yuav zoo li soar hauv huab cua. Qhov no yog vim lub xub ntiag ntawm xws li ib tug tshwj xeeb cov txheej txheem raws li ib tug ntsia liaj qhov rooj. Nws yog ib qho muaj zog thiab tuab tuab threaded ntsia liaj qhov rooj.
Qhov kev teeb tsa ntawm lub fastener tso cai rau nws txiav mus rau hauv cov khoom tread. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tshwj xeeb hniav txhawb nqa nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm racks yog ntsia nruab nrab ntawm cov kauj ruam. Xws li tus ntaiv tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau hauv ob chav me thiab dav. Nws yuav dhau los ua qhov kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm yuav luag txhua sab hauv.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov qauv zoo li no tsis tuaj yeem txuas rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm chav tsev. Yuav tsum nyob zephab ntsa. Txwv tsis pub, Bolts yuav tsis muaj dab tsi los kho. Cov yam ntxwv no yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account ntawm theem kev npaj ntawm cov qauv yav tom ntej.
Cov ntaiv zoo li no siv qhov chaw me me, uas tsis tuaj yeem hais txog cov qauv dav hlau nruab nrab. Nws zoo li stylish thiab zoo nkauj, sib haum xeeb haum rau niaj hnub interiors.
Txoj kev ntawm cov ntsia hlau tsim
Thaum xaiv yuav ua li cas ua ib lub staircase tawm ntawm ntoo nrog koj tus kheej tes, koj tuaj yeem xav txog tus qauv tsim. Nws siv qhov chaw tsawg kawg hauv chav. Qhov kev xaiv no yog tsim rau lub tsev me me lossis tsev me. Ib tug kauv staircase tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau hauv txhua qhov chaw tsim nyog ntawm chav tsev. Nws tsis xav tau kev txhawb nqa ntxiv hauv daim ntawv phab ntsa.
Txawm li cas los xij, kev tsim thiab tsim lub staircase yog qhov nyuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav nyuaj rau cov neeg laus thiab cov menyuam yaus kom nce tus ntaiv kauv. Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov qauv no, nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem nqa tag nrho cov khoom mus rau hauv pem teb thib ob. Kev suav ntawm hom kev tsim kho no yuav tsum tau mus nrog txhua lub luag haujlwm. Ib qho yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm ib lub staircase kauv yog lub xub ntiag ntawm railings.
Nrog rau txoj kev tsim cov ntaiv thiab xaiv cov qauv tsim, nws tuaj yeem ua qhov kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm chav tsev. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub stairs muaj ib tug khib uas cov kauj ruam yog tsau. Lawv yuav tsum nthuav mus rau ntawm ntug. Feem ntau, hlau yog siv los tsim ib lub khib. Nws yog kev ntseeg siab thiab muaj zog dua ntoo.
Yuav ua kom tus ntaiv nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes mus rau hauv pem teb thib ob, koj yuav tsum tau kho lub khib kom ruaj khov. Nws yuav txuas mus rau qhov nqaim kawg ntawm cov kauj ruam hauv ib lub kauv. Railings yuav muajtxawv configuration. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev saib xyuas ntau yog them rau cov kev txhawb nqa hauv qab lawv. Lawv tuaj yeem yog nyias lossis loj. Qhov no muab cov ntaiv ib qho kev zoo nkauj zoo nkauj. Thaum tsim balusters, koj yuav tsum tau nruab ib tug txaus tus naj npawb ntawm lawv. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lawv tsis tuaj yeem loj.
Tsim cov qauv ntsia hlau
Yog tias cov tswv ntawm lub tsev tau xaiv cov ntsia hlau hom kev tsim kho, lawv yuav tsum tau muab xam thiab kos cov phiaj xwm kom ntxaws. Yuav ua li cas ua tus ntaiv no nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes? Muaj ntau txoj cai. Ua ntej, xam qhov ntev ntawm qhov qhib hauv qab nthab. Nws yog qhov zoo dua tias nws yog qhov nruab nrab, txwv tsis pub qhov nce siab yuav nce siab.
Cia li kos qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm qhov qhib no. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum kos cov kab pheeb ces kaum ntawm cov ces kaum ntawm lub square lossis duab plaub. Qhov twg lawv hla yuav yog qhov chaw. Qhov taw tes no yog npaj rau hauv pem teb nto hauv chav hauv pem teb thiab lub qab nthab. Qhov chaw ntawm kev txhawb nqa yuav muab txuas rau ntawm no. Qhov ntev ntawm cov kauj ruam tsis tuaj yeem tshaj qhov kev ncua deb ntawm qhov chaw mus rau ntug ntawm qhov qhib.
Cov kauj ruam yuav tsum nthuav mus rau ntawm ntug. Ntawm no lawv qhov dav yuav tsum yog los ntawm 42 cm thiab ntau dua. Hauv qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov kauj ruam no, qhov ntsuas no yuav yog 20 cm. Koj tsis tuaj yeem ua kom tsawg dua qhov dav. Lub railing yuav tsum raws nraim rov qab configuration ntawm lub span. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub balusters yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog 15 cm. Yog hais tias muaj cov me nyuam me nyob rau hauv lub tsev, nws yog zoo dua los txo cov duab no mus rau 10 cm. Feem ntau, railing kev txhawb nqa yog muas nyias. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lawv yuav muaj ib tug curly zoo, muab cov ntaiv ib spectacular saib.
Building Codes
Xav txog yuav ua li cas thiaj ua tau ib lub staircase rau hauv qab nthab, koj kuj yuav tsum paub meej txog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau cov qauv zoo li no. Cov cai hauv tsev hais txog qhov yuav tsum tau muaj kev sib tsoo rau ib qho staircase uas tsis nyob nruab nrab ntawm ob phab ntsa. Lawv qhov siab yuav tsum yog los ntawm 80 mus rau 90 cm (nyob ntawm qhov siab ntawm cov tswv tsev). Lub railing rests ntawm balusters. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 20 cm. Yog hais tias cov me nyuam me txav mus rau lub stairs, daim duab no yuav txo tau 2 zaug.
Lub kaum sab xis ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm cov qauv yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 55 °. Qhov siab dua qhov nce, ntau tus qauv yuav siv qhov chaw hauv chav. Qhov no yuav xav tau kev siv cov khoom siv hauv tsev ntau dua. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias muaj cov neeg laus hauv tsev, koj yuav tsum ua kom lub kaum sab xis ntawm 30-35 °.
Cov kauj ruam yuav tsum muaj cov kauj ruam ntev yam tsawg 20 cm. Nws raug nquahu kom nce daim duab no (yog tias ua tau) mus rau 30 cm. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias txhua kauj ruam yuav tsum muaj qhov siab tib yam. Txwv tsis pub, koj tuaj yeem ntog thiab poob. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov kauj ruam yuav tsum yog khib. Qhov no yog vim lub peculiarities ntawm physiology ntawm cov leeg ntawm ob txhais ceg. Lawv xav tias ib qho kev thauj khoom tsis sib xws yog tias qhov ncua sij hawm suav nrog cov lej khib.
Qhov ncua yuav tsum yog 1-1.2 m. Koj tuaj yeem ua tus ntaiv dav yog tias muaj neeg nyob hauv tsev ntau, lawv tuaj yeem nce thiab nqis ntaiv tib lub sijhawm.
Layout
Thaum kawm txog cov txheej txheem ntawm yuav ua li cas ua tus ntaiv, koj yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau kev tsim cov phiaj xwm tsim. Ua ntej, tsim ib txoj kev npaj hauv pem teb. Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum nkag mus rau hauv qhov uas twb muaj lawmsab hauv xaiv staircase xaiv. Txhua daim duab kos yuav tsum tau kos rau qhov ntsuas. Kev ntsuas tseeb raug muab.
Tau tsim cov txheej txheem staircase, ntsuas chav thiab txiav txim siab seb qhov chaw tuaj yeem faib rau cov qauv. Tom ntej no, kos ib daim duab peb sab ntawm daim ntawv los ntawm qhov xaiv xaiv. Nws hypotenuse yuav sib haum mus rau qhov ntev ntawm qhov span nrog cov kauj ruam. Cov ceg yog qhov siab ntawm tus ntaiv thiab nws qhov ntev. Tom ntej no, lub kaum sab xis ntawm inclination yog txiav txim. Yog tias nws ua raws li cov cai hauv tsev, koj tuaj yeem mus rau kev suav ntxiv. Txwv tsis pub, kev hloov kho yog ua, ua, piv txwv li, ob qhov spans tsis yog ib qho. Nruab nrab ntawm lawv yuav muaj kab rov tav platform.
Tom ntej, suav cov kauj ruam. Qhov ntev ntawm lub hypotenuse yuav tsum muab faib los ntawm qhov dav ntawm cov kauj ruam. Qhov siab ntawm cov ntaiv yuav tsum tau muab faib los ntawm tus lej ntawm cov kauj ruam. Tau qhov loj ntawm risers. Nws yuav tsum yog li 11-14 cm. Qhov dav ntawm qhov span yog qhia nyob rau hauv txoj kev npaj. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tau txais, nws yuav tsim tau stringers.
Kev tsim khoom
Kawm txog cov txheej txheem ntawm yuav ua li cas ua ib lub staircase tawm ntawm cov ntoo, koj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tsim cov ntsiab lus tsim nyog. Raws li cov duab tsim, koj yuav tsum tau ua cov txheej txheem tsim nyog.
Ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm loj (thickness tsis tsawg dua 6 cm) cov cim yog siv rau kev tsim cov hlua. Qhov no yog lub dav hlau inclined, uas ntawm ib sab muaj ledges rau cov kauj ruam. Ntawm stringers, qhov ntev rau kev teeb tsa lub tread tuaj yeem luv luv ntawm 2 cm. Txhua qhov kev sib tw yuav tsum yog tib yam.
cov kauj ruam thiab risers kuj tau ua. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau sanded zoo. Tom qab ntawd, qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog coated nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tua hluav taws.
Tom ntej txiav tawm qhov railing. Lawv nto yuav tsum du. Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj irregularities. Koj tuaj yeem tsim balusters siv lub tshuab milling. Yog tias tsis muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, nws yog qhov zoo dua los yuav cov khoom siv uas ploj lawm. Tom qab ntawd, nws yuav muaj peev xwm pib sib sau cov ntaiv.
txhim kho stairs
Tus txheej txheem ntawm yuav ua li cas ua ib lub staircase nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes suav nrog kev sib sau ua ke hauv ib ntu. Ua ntej, ib qho kev txhawb nqa beam yog mounted rau hauv pem teb ntawm thawj pem teb. Kosours tab tom tawm tsam nws. Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm hauv pem teb, koj yuav tsum tau ua ledges rau nruab no staircase qhov chaw. Loosing ntawm structural ntsiab yog tsis tsim nyog. Txhua qhov chaw yog tsau rigidly. Rau kev kho, thauj tog rau nkoj dowels thiab hlau fab yog siv. Txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov stringers raug tshuaj xyuas siv lub tsev theem.
Tom ntej no, lub riser tau teeb tsa rau ntawm cov qauv sib dhos. Rau qhov no, hlau kaum yog siv. Ib tug tread yog pw rau ntawm nws. Nws yog tsau nrog screws. Nov yog qhov lawv txav hauv qab mus rau saum.
Balusters raug teeb tsa ntawm txhua kauj ruam. Zoo dua yog tias muaj 2 ntawm lawv. ntawm txhua kauj ruam. Cov railings tau muab tso rau saum. Tom qab ntawd, cov npoo yog polished dua. Lawv yog varnished nyob rau hauv 2 txheej. Ntawm cov kauj ruam, koj tuaj yeem nteg ib txoj kab lossis lwm yam khoom siv. Lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob swb.
Tau txiav txim siab txog cov txheej txheem ntawm yuav ua li cas ua ib lub staircase hauv ib lub tsev ntiag tug, koj tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom ruaj khov, zoo nkauj nrog koj tus kheej tes.
