Hauv kev ua tiav sab hauv, ntau cov khoom sib tov sib xyaw yog siv rau theem saum npoo. Tab sis yuav ua li cas yog tias qhov chaw yuav tsum tau kho yog sab nraud? Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yog tsim nyog los siv ib tug tshwj xeeb putty rau facade ua hauj lwm, uas muaj ib tug ntau dua ntawm hnav tsis kam thiab tsawg rhiab heev rau kub hloov.
Hom putty nyob ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm daim ntawv thov
Putty yog tuab tuab, muaj cov khoom sib txuas, uas, thaum kho, tsim cov khoom nto. Putty yog siv ob qho tib si hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv thiab sab nrauv. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm façade putty yog theem cov ntsiab lus nrog qhov tsis zoo, sau cov voids me me los ua ib qho chaw du.
Nws tuaj yeem muag hauv ob daim ntawv:
Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg;
Yog tias xav tau kev ua haujlwm ntau, ces qhov kev nyiam yog muab rau cov sib tov qhuav, uas yog diluted nrog dej raws li cov lus qhia kom tau txais creamy loj. Facade lub tsevrau kev ua haujlwm sab nraum zoov hauv daim ntawv muab tshuaj txhuam yog npaj rau kev ua haujlwm me me ntawm cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, nws yog siv rau hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj lossis sau cov kab nrib pleb me me hauv cov phab ntsa, nrog rau kev tsim cov khoom zoo nkauj. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw npaj ua tiav yog lub txee lub neej tsawg thiab ua kom tawv tawv sai.
Nyob ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm thiab cov khoom siv, ntau hom putty yog siv.
- cement based;
- gypsum-raws;
- acrylic;
- latex;
- roj-kua.
Hauv kev ua haujlwm façade, siv cov cement, acrylic lossis latex hauv paus. Qhov no yog vim qhov siab ntawm hnav tsis kam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no thiab tsis kam mus rau qhov kub thiab txias hloov, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv kom ya raws.
Txoj kev ntawm facade putties
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm putties rau kev ua haujlwm sab nraud yog tsim los ntawm kev tiv thaiv txheej thiab kev tsim kho kom zoo nkauj. Cov khoom siv rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab nrauv ntawm lub tsev yuav tsum muaj cov npe ntawm cov khoom. Kev tiv thaiv rau lub caij ntuj sov hloov pauv thiab nag lossis daus ua rau qhov chaw puttied muaj zog thiab ruaj khov. Cov no yog cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm facade putty. Qib siab ntawm adhesion, uas yog, muaj peev xwm ua raws li txhua yam khoom siv, kuj ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Kev sib raug zoo nrog txhua yam xim thiab cov kua roj vanish yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej thaum xaiv lub putty.
Vim thaj chaw loj yuav tsum tau kho, kev sib xyaw qhuav yog nyiam, uas yog kneaded siv dej rautau txais cov khoom tiav. Raws li kev txheeb xyuas, qhov nrov tshaj plaws facade putty yog cement-based.
Cement raws putties
Kev xaiv zoo rau kev kho façade nto. Muab raws li kev sib xyaw qhuav uas muaj cov cement, xuab zeb thiab qee cov binders. Cement, uas yog ib feem ntawm lub putty, muab lub neej yav tom ntej nto nrog qib siab ntawm lub zog thiab noo noo tsis kam. Ib qho nrov tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ib puag ncig yog Knauf facade putty. Lub tuam txhab no koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov hauv paus thiab cov tsho sab saum toj.
Npaj putty los ntawm kev sib tov tsis yog nyuaj, cov lus qhia nyob rau hauv pob. Koj tuaj yeem thov ntawm koj tus kheej. Muaj ob hom cement putty: puag thiab tiav. Lub hauv paus façade putty tuaj yeem siv rau hauv ib txheej tuab txog li 1.5 cm thiab ua haujlwm rau cov kab nrib pleb loj thiab qhov tsis sib xws. Nyob rau hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, nws yog granular ntau, yog li qhov saum npoo yog ntxhib. Cov putty tiav muaj qhov sib xyaw ua ke zoo; thaum qhuav, nws tsim ib tus du thiab txawm nto. Kev siv Knauf cement putty rau facade ua hauj lwm yuav tsum tau nqa tawm ntawm qhov kub ntawm tsawg kawg yog +5 degrees thiab av noo ntawm 80%. Txhawm rau txo lub sijhawm ziab, nws raug nquahu kom siv putty ntawm qhov kub ntawm +20 degrees. Kev sib xyaw ua tiav yuav tsum tsis txhob tov nrog cov xim, kua nplaum lossis lwm yam khoom, nws yuav poob nws cov khoom, uas txhais tau tias qhov ua haujlwm zoo yuav qis.
Ob tus neeg nyiam ua haujlwm thiab cov kws tshaj lij sau tseg hauv lawv cov lus hais tias cement-based putty yog ib qhoib qho ntawm cov khoom siv nrov tshaj plaws hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj façade, raws li tus nqi yog qhov kev txiav txim siab qis dua cov analogues, thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov txheej yog nyob rau theem siab.
Polymer putties
Polymer putties hauv kev tsim kho tau tshwm sim tsis ntev los no. Nws yooj yim heev rau siv, thiab thaum diluted, nws tuaj yeem khaws cia txog li 12 teev. Ntev hardening ua rau nws yooj yim heev rau siv. Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv polymer suav nrog:
- durability;
- zog;
- no shrinkage;
- Yplasticity;
- tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw.
Txhua cov ntaub ntawv polymer tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg: acrylic thiab latex.
Acrylic putties
Qhov saum npoo ntawm acrylic putty muaj qib siab ntawm lub zog thiab khaws nws cov khoom nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias hloov pauv. Cov khoom no yog hloov tau heev thiab tsis tev tawm. Thov nrog ib txheej ntawm tsis ntau tshaj 3 hli thiab tsuas yog rau ntawm ib tug primed nto.
Ib qho tsis zoo ntawm acrylic putty yog nws cov nqi siab, nrog rau kev tsis sib haum nrog cov ntoo thiab hlau. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm sib sib zog nqus irregularities, nws yog tsim nyog los thov acrylic putty nyob rau hauv ob peb txheej.
Latex putty
Supplyed as a ready-to-apply paste. Nyob ntawm lub hom phiaj, ob hom yog qhov txawv: leveling thiab finishing. Haum rau daim ntawv thov rau txhua qhov chaw, suav nrog ntoo thiab hlau. Qhov chaw yuav tsum tau kho yuav tsum tau primed.
Nws raug tso cai kom dilute cov latex putty nrog dej, tab sis tsis ntau tshaj 1% los ntawm qhov hnyav. Koj tsuas tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj +5 degrees. Shrinkage ntawm cov khoom yog tsawg, qhov no tshem tawm qhov tsim ntawm kab noj hniav nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm npuas. Qhov sib tov yog tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias hloov, thoob plaws lub caij ntawm lub xyoo cov txheej tseem zoo tib yam ruaj thiab tsis deform.
Ntau yam xim yuav txuag rau kev pleev xim, thiab cov khoom zoo ntawm cov latex putty yuav ua rau phab ntsa zoo nkauj. Qhov saum npoo zoo li no tsis xav tau kev ua haujlwm ntxiv.
kev npaj sib tov
Txhua lub chaw tsim khoom muab cov lus qhia ntxaws ntxaws rau kev npaj cov tshuaj pleev ib ce los ntawm kev sib xyaw qhuav, cov proportions tau qhia ntawm pob nws tus kheej. Ua noj nrog koj tus kheej tes, koj yuav xav tau dej, nws cov nyiaj yuav tsum nruj me ntsis raws li cov lus qhia. Yog tias muaj dej ntau los yog tsawg dua, xws li kev sib tov yuav muab cov txheej txheem tsis zoo. Ua ib lub thawv, koj tuaj yeem siv lub thoob tsim kho lossis lwm lub thawv ntawm lub ntim haum.
Kneading qhov loj yog ua tiav siv ib qho tshwj xeeb sib tov nozzle ntawm lub laum. Xyuas kom tseeb tias qhov loj yog homogeneous, tsis pom cov feem ntawm cov khoom qhuav. Tom qab koj tau kneaded qhov loj, koj yuav tsum tawm rau 10-15 feeb thiab sib tov kom huv si. Tsis txhob npaj ntau cov tshuaj ib zaug, nws tuaj yeem qhuav tawm thiab yuav tsis ua homogeneous ntxiv lawm. Ua tiav facade putty yuav tsum siv li ntawm 20 feeb. Kev sib hloov ceev ntawm qhov xyaum yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj 800 revolutions ib ob, txwv tsis pub koj yuav tau txaisporous mortar.
Homemade Putty Recipe
Yog tias koj txiav txim siab npaj cov cement facade putty nrog koj tus kheej tes, ces koj yuav xav tau:
- cement;
- quartz xuab zeb.
Cement thiab xuab zeb sib xyaw hauv qhov piv 1: 4. Cov xuab zeb yuav tsum huv si, sifted, tsis muaj lumps ntawm av nplaum thiab pob zeb. Cement yuav tsum tau kawm qib M400. Ua ntej, sib tov cov qhuav sib tov, ces ntxiv dej. Qhov sib tov yuav tsum tsis txhob nyias los yog tuab heev. Qhov sib xws ntawm tuab qaub cream yuav ua. Yuav kom tau txais lub teeb ci, koj yuav tsum siv cov cement dawb. Xws li ib tug sib tov yog tsim nyog rau thov lub ntsiab txheej, tom qab ziab nws yuav tsum tau them nrog ib tug xov txheej ntawm nplua putty. Cov khoom siv hauv tsev feem ntau siv los ntawm cov kws paub txog plaster.
Putty tools
Kev xaiv cov cuab yeej yog nyob ntawm seb qhov ua haujlwm npaum li cas. Cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev ua cov haujlwm no yog spatula. Nws yog qhov zoo dua rau tam sim yuav ib txheej ntawm ntau qhov sib txawv. Yog hais tias koj xav tau putty ib cheeb tsam loj ntawm phab ntsa, ces lub spatula yuav tsum loj, me me thiab nyuaj mus cuag qhov chaw yog puttied nrog ib tug me me. Roj hmab thiab silicone spatulas yooj yim heev rau siv, lawv ua kom yooj yim rau kev siv cov sib tov thiab theem saum npoo.
Hauv kev ua haujlwm façade, nws tsim nyog muab qhov nyiam rau lub spatula zoo dua, vim tias cov khoom siv yog ntxhib thiab hnyav. Cov pa roj carbon steel spatulas tau ua pov thawj lawv tus kheej zoo tshaj plaws, lawv muaj zog thiab yuav tsis sag txawm tias ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom hnyav. Rau kev ua cov ces kaum nws yooj yim dua los siv lub angularrab riam. Nws yuav ua kom pom tseeb thiab txawm tias 90 degree kaum.
Yuav kom sib tov sib xyaw, koj yuav xav tau ntau lub thoob yas siv. Tom qab thawj zaug sib tov, thaum sib tov tau sawv thiab yuav tsum tau rov sib tov, cov tshuaj yog poured rau hauv ib lub tais huv si. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua kom cov khoom ntawm putty uas tau qhuav raws cov npoo tsis nkag mus rau hauv pawg thaum rov sib tov.
Kev siv thev naus laus zis
kom tau txais qhov zoo nkauj thiab du thiab sau tag nrho cov kev tsis sib xws, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua raws li cov cuab yeej ntawm puttying. Yog tias koj hla lossis npaj qhov chaw ua haujlwm tsis zoo, ces qhov ua tiav yuav tsis kav ntev. Thaum lub sij hawm, tev tawm yuav tshwm sim, txheej yuav pib crumble. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov no tshwm sim, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua txhua kauj ruam yam tsis poob.
Technology rau theem lub dav hlau nrog putty rau facade ua haujlwm suav nrog cov theem hauv qab no:
- Ua ntej siv cov sib tov, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ntxuav qhov chaw, yog tias tsim nyog, kho cov phab ntsa nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob tshwj xeeb.
- Thov 2 lub tsho tiv no ntawm primer. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog los tsim cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv cov dej noo-tiv taus, uas cov khoom siv putty yuav kho tau zoo dua.
- Thov thawj txheej ntawm putty. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj xav tau ob lub spatulas. Qhov me dua yog siv rau ntawm phab ntsa, thiab qhov loj dua yog xav tau los nqa ib feem ntawm putty.
- Tom qab ua tiav ziab, txheej thib ob raug siv.
- Tiav nrog nyias ua tiav los tsim ib qho chaw zoo kawg nkaus.
- Peb ua txheej txheej nrog cov ntawv xuab zeb zoo ntawm tus tuav kom tshem tawm qhov tsis sib xws.
Yog tias nws tau npaj los pleev xim rau saum npoo, tom qab theem kawg peb siv cov ntawv xuab zeb nrog abrasiveness ntawm 120-150.
Yog tias koj xav kom qhov chaw kom muaj kev ntxhib los mos, ces koj yuav tsum tau siv cov cuab yeej ntawm phab ntsa textured.
Ib tug ntev pawg rau cov menyuam tuaj yeem tsim qhov chaw ntxhib zoo. Yog tias koj xav pleev xim qhov kev ntxhib los mos hauv daim ntawv kab txaij, ces koj yuav tsum siv cov nplais nplaum nplaum. Cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov kab txaij tuaj yeem yog tib yam lossis random. Daim txhuam cev dej hiav txwv kuj tseem siv los tsim cov kev ntxhib los mos, koj tuaj yeem yuav nws ntawm lub khw muag khoom kho vajtse.
Kev siv tsis sib xws ntawm putty mix
Lub peev xwm ntawm putty rau façade ua haujlwm los tsim cov qauv ruaj khov thiab ruaj khov thaum qhuav tso cai rau nws siv rau hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm ntau yam khoom sab hauv. Koj tuaj yeem ua lub vaj huam sib luag los yog duab los ntawm putty.
Kev sib xyaw tuaj yeem ua tau siv cov qauv. Lub tsev antique-style yog sib haum xeeb ua tiav los ntawm tes ua frescoes, thiab cov paj ntoo zoo tib yam tom qab dai nrog putty yuav dhau los ua ib qho kev kos duab. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau siv facade putty, nws yuav muab cov khoom zoo dua uas tiv thaiv dej.
Cov duab, cov vuas zoo nkauj thiab cov khoom siv rau hauv cov vases tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov cement-gypsum-based putty. Xyuas kom tseeb tias lub thickness ntawm ib txheej tsis yogTshaj li 3 cm, txwv tsis pub cov kab nrib pleb tuaj yeem tsim ntawm cov khoom tiav thaum qhuav. Siv facade putty nyob rau hauv ob peb txheej nyias.
Zaj lus
Kev ua ntawm façade nto yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo. Tom qab tag nrho, qhov no tsis yog tsuas yog lub creation ntawm ib tug zoo nkauj tsim ntawm lub tsev, tab sis kuj tsim ib tug tiv thaiv txheej los ntawm sab nraud influences. Yog tias koj txiav txim siab muab lub façade ntawm lub tsev koj tus kheej, ces tsis txhob hnov qab txog cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv kev siv tshuab ua cov txheej txheem no. Tom qab tag nrho, kev tso tseg ntawm ib qho ntawm lawv tuaj yeem ua rau cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo, nrog rau kev poob nyiaj thiab sijhawm.
