Cov tsev fuabtais tau siv dav hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab Amelikas txij thaum ub. Cov tsev nyob zoo li no hauv cov cheeb tsam hauv ntiaj teb no tau ua rau ntau pua xyoo. Thiab yog li ntawd, thev naus laus zis rau kev tsim tsev ntawm ntau yam no tau coj mus rau qhov zoo tag nrho ntawm no. Nyob rau hauv Russia, kev tsim kho ntawm thav duab tsev pib kuj tsis ntev los no. Thiab tau kawg, cov neeg tsim khoom hauv tsev tsis tau rov tsim dua lub log, tab sis coj kom zoo dua ntawm cov txheej txheem uas twb muaj lawm yuav luag zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv cov npoj yaig Western.
Rau Asmeskas, Canadian thev naus laus zis ntawm kev tsim cov tsev thav duab yog suav tias yog siv. Hauv Tebchaws Europe, cov tsev zoo li no tau tsim los ntawm Finnish lossis Swedish txoj kev. Txog dab tsi Scandinavian thev naus laus zis ntawm kev tsim lub tsev thav duab yog, thiab peb yuav tham ntxiv hauv kab lus.
Lub ntsiab nta
Hauv Russia, cov tsev zoo li no tau pib ua tsis ntev los no, tab sis peb twb muaj qee qhov kev txhim kho hauv peb lub tebchaws. Feem ntau, domesticcraftsmen txhim tsa cov tsev no siv Canadian technology. Kev tsim kho ncej siv cov txheej txheem no feem ntau suav nrog:
- pua lub hauv paus;
- Tau cov cav thiab cov khoom hauv pem teb;
- kev txhim kho ntawm cov racks ntawm sab nraud thiab sab hauv phab ntsa, muab faib;
- sib dhos ntawm cov hlua sab saum toj;
- txhim kho lub kaw lus truss;
- phab ntsa thiab ru tsev sheathing.
Txoj kev Canadian ntawm kev txhim kho cov tsev qis hauv tebchaws Russia tau dhau los ntau lossis tsawg dua. Tab sis tsis ntev los no, Scandinavian thev naus laus zis rau kev tsim cov tsev thav duab tau nce nrov hauv peb lub tebchaws.
Nws txawv ntawm Canadian ib feem ntau nyob rau hauv thawj theem, qhov no, lub thawv khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob. Yog li, cov neeg tsim khoom ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo, tiv thaiv los ntawm nag thiab cua los ntawm cov txheej txheem kaw.
Lwm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm Scandinavian thev naus laus zis rau kev tsim lub tsev thav duab yog tias nws cuam tshuam nrog kev siv ntau ntawm cov khoom npaj ua tiav thiab cov qauv.
Tau kawg, tsis yog tsuas yog cov tsev nyob hauv tsev tuaj yeem tsim tau siv cov txheej txheem Scandinavian. Thaum assembling thav duab da dej, kev tsim kho tshuab uas tuaj rau peb los ntawm cov teb chaws Europe kuj tau lug siv. Ntau yam ntawm cov qauv tsimNyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lawv yog mounted nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev raws li nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm private tsev.
Lub hauv paus ntawm Scandinavian lub tsev
Siv cov thev naus laus zis no, cov tsev tuaj yeem tsim tsa ntawm ob hom hauv paus:
- slab;
- paj-paj.
Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsev yog ib tug zoo tib yam khoom slab 30-40 cm tuab. daim kab xev kuj yog poured raws perimeter ntawm slab. Nyob rau hauv xws li ib lub hauv paus, nyob rau hauv lub ciam teb ntawm lub tom kawg, rwb thaiv tsev thiab tag nrho cov kev sib txuas lus yog nteg. Xws li lub hauv paus yog hu ua insulated Swedish phaj.
Box
Lub thav duab ntawm lub tsev Scandinavian yog tsim tshwj xeeb los ntawm cov laug cam. Cov ntoo rau kev sib dhos ntawm cov tsev xws li tsis siv. Lub thawv ntawm cov qauv tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke hauv qhov no siv ntau txoj kev sib txawv.
Kev tsim cov tsev thav duab siv Finnish thev naus laus zis (ib qho ntawm Scandinavian ntau yam), piv txwv li, suav nrog kev sib sau ua ke ntawm txhua phab ntsa sib cais rau hauv av. Ntawd yog, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib daim duab plaub yog thawj zaug knocked los ntawm qis thiab sab sauv strapping boards thiab huab racks. Tom qab ntawd mount tag nrho cov racks nruab nrab. Tom ntej no, cov ntoo "lattice thav duab" sib sau ua ke nyob rau hauv txoj kev no yog ntsia rau ntawm lub hauv paus. Rau cov tsev me, cov phab ntsa yog mounted nyob rau hauv no tag nrho, rau cov loj - nyob rau hauv segments-parts.
Ib yam ntxwv ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev thav duab uas siv Finnish thev naus laus zis yog, ntawm lwm yam, muaj cov khoom siv xws li crossbar hauv phab ntsa. Yog li hu ua lub rooj tsav dav dav,fastened nyob rau hauv lub top harness. Cov khoom no tso cai rau koj tom qab tshem tawm qhov rais thiab qhov rooj. Raws li cov npoo ntawm qhov qhib hauv Scandinavian lub tsev, ib lub khib tau teeb tsa, thiab tsis yog ob, ib yam li hauv Canadian sawv daws.
Lwm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog kev sib dhos txhim khu kev qha ntawm cov nodes. Lub tshuab siv thav duab, dav siv nyob rau hauv Russia niaj hnub no, koom nrog kev siv cov ces kaum hlau los txuas cov ntsiab lus ntawm tsev. Thaum sib sau ua ke ib lub tsev raws li txoj kev Scandinavian, xws li fasteners tsis siv. Cov thav duab ntawm cov tsev yog mounted nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no tsuas yog rau cov ntsia hlau.
Yam uas koj yuav tsum paub
Scandinavian lub tsev feem ntau yog kev xaiv nyiaj txiag rau cov tsev uas tsim los siv cov cuab yeej txuag hluav taws xob. Qab nthab hauv cov qauv no feem ntau yog ua kom qis. Ntawd yog, ntev dhau lawm ib lub bar rau cov racks ntawm lub thav duab ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev Scandinavian yuav tsum tsis txhob siv.
OSB sheathing
Tam sim ntawd tom qab kev teeb tsa ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm cov phab ntsa, siv Scandinavian thev naus laus zis rau kev tsim cov tsev thav duab, cov txheej txheem no tau ua. Lub hauv paus sib sau ua ke ntawm lub thawv yog sheathed, feem ntau OSB 9 mm, siv cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis los ntawm sab hauv lub tsev. Tom qab ntawd, cov phiaj xwm no yuav ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev txhawb nqa los kho cov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm sab ntawm txoj kev.
Scandinavian lub tsev siv tshuab: truss system
Kwv yees li tib lub thev naus laus zis yog siv hauv kev tsim kho ntawm Scandinavian lub tsev thiab lub ru tsev ncej. Ru tsev ntawm Scandinavian tsev nyob rau hauv feem ntau yog gabled. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub qab nthabyog npaj ua qhov chaw nyob ntxiv - uas yog, nws yog insulated.
Trusses hauv kev tsim vaj tsev ntawm hom no feem ntau yog siv cov chaw tsim khoom npaj ua rau ntawm cov phaj hniav. Xws li cov ntsiab lus tseem raug tsoo tsis yog los ntawm ib lub bar, tab sis los ntawm cov laug cam. Lawv hnyav kuj me ntsis. Thiab yog li ntawd txhua qhov ua liaj ua teb nce lub thawv yooj yim los ntawm ob peb tus neeg lub zog.
Qee zaum, txawm tias tag nrho cov kab ke sib dhos lossis lawv cov ntu tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm Scandinavian cov tsev. Lawv tsa cov qauv no rau hauv tsev uas siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb.
Roof sheathing
Scandinavian thav duab-shield siv tshuab muaj, ntawm lwm yam, qhov peculiarity uas ua ntej pib nrog lub rooj sib txoos ntawm phab ntsa ncuav mog qab zib, thaum siv nws, cov khoom siv vov tsev feem ntau yog khoom rau lub ru tsev ntawm lub tsev. Tom qab tag nrho, OSB, raws li koj paub, tsis dhau resistant rau ya raws. Lub ru tsev sheathing yuav tiv thaiv phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho los nag.
Lub ru tsev ntawm cov tsev qis qis yog sheathed siv cov cuab yeej no, feem ntau nrog cov vuas sib xyaw. Cov khoom no yog lub teeb yuag thiab zoo nkaus li stylish thiab Scandinavian. Ntawm chav kawm, yog tias xav tau, xws li cov ntsiab lus vov tsev tuaj yeem hloov nrog cov vuas hlau. Nws tsis yog kev cai siv ondulin thiab slate rau vov tsev hauv kev tsim kho ntawm Scandinavian tsev.
Tau kawg, lub ru tsev ntawm lub tsev zoo li no, ua ntej txhim kho cov vuas lossis cov khoom siv coj los ua nws, yuav tsum tau ua kom tsis muaj dej tsis zoo thiab ua kom muaj cua sov, muab qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov cua. Ua ib qho insulator, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los sivntxhia ntaub plaub. Cov gables ntawm lub ru tsev ntawm cov tsev no feem ntau yog sewn nrog OSB 9 mm.
phab ntsa rwb thaiv tsev
Feem ntau, cov phab ntsa ntawm Scandinavian cov tsev kuj raug rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm qhov txias siv cov ntaub plaub ntxhia. Kev nthuav dav polystyrene tsis tshua siv rau lub hom phiaj no. Qee zaum, ecowool yog siv los ntawm bas alt slabs.
Phab ntsa yog insulated siv Scandinavian thev naus laus zis, feem ntau raws li hauv qab no:
- bas alt slabs yog ntsia nruab nrab ntawm qhov uprights hauv ob txheej nrog sib tshooj seams;
- tom qab cov slabs tau tso, cov phab ntsa raws tus ncej yog sheathed nrog isoplating fastened rau cov ntsia;
- ua kom daim tawv nqaij tiav.
Isoplat yav tom ntej ntawm phab ntsa yuav ua cov haujlwm ntawm kev rwb thaiv tsev ntxiv, hydro thiab cua tiv thaiv.
Txhim kho qhov xaus
Facades tiav lawm siv Scandinavian thev naus laus zis los tsim cov tsev thav duab ntawm theem kawg, feem ntau yog siv ntoo. Feem ntau nws yog ib lub tsev hauv ob sab phlu lossis thaiv tsev. Qee zaum, cov thawv ntawm cov tsev no tuaj yeem raug sheathed nrog siding. Kev txhim kho tag nrho cov khoom tiav yog ua tiav nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no siv cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo
Qhov zoo ntawm Scandinavian thav duab lub tsev thev naus laus zis suav nrog:
- nqi tsim kho;
- muaj sijhawm los tsim tsev sai li sai tau;
- muaj peev xwm txhim kho lub thawv thiab lub ru tsev hauvtxhua lub sij hawm ntawm lub xyoo.
Cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo ntawm cov tsev no kuj zoo heev. Nrog kev soj ntsuam nruj ntawm kev tsim kho thev naus laus zis, cov tsev ntawm hom no sov heev thiab ruaj khov heev.
Qhov tsuas yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm Scandinavian lub tsev tau suav tias yog qee qhov kev txwv ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev. Feem ntau, cov tsev zoo li no muaj cov duab plaub nruj nruj. ru tsev ntawm cov qauv, raws li twb tau hais lawm, yuav luag ib txwm sib sau ua ke yooj yim gable ru tsev. Cov tsev zoo li no feem ntau tsim tsis pub ntau tshaj 1-2 plag tsev. Ntawd yog, Scandinavian cov tsev yog pob nyiaj siv, zoo nkauj, tab sis tsis yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov vaj tsev nyob hauv nroog.
Scandinavian tsev tsim
Kev siv Scandinavian thav duab siv thev naus laus zis yog li ua rau nws tuaj yeem tsim cov vaj tsev nyob ruaj khov thiab siv tau zoo. Txhawm rau sib sau ua ke los ntawm txoj kev no, nrog rau lwm yam, cov tsev nyob qis qis ntawm cov txheej txheem sib txawv tuaj yeem ua tau. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm Scandinavian lub tsev, ntawm lwm yam, yog lub ergonomics ntawm qhov chaw sab hauv. Tsis muaj frills nyob rau hauv cov tsev, tab sis lawv feem ntau xis nyob rau hauv.
Piv txwv li, ib qho ntawm Scandinavian tej yaam num yog ib-zaj dab neeg pheej yig lub tsev nrog thaj tsam ntawm 66 m22,nyob rau hauv uas:
- ntawm sab ntawm lub ntsiab façade muaj terrace;
- lub qhov rooj hauv nruab nrab ntawm phab ntsa ntawm terrace coj ncaj qha mus rau chav nyob;
- rau sab laug ntawm chav tsev yog chav ua noj;
- nyob tom qab tsev tom qab chav nyob thiabob chav pw me nyob hauv chav ua noj;
- chav dej nruab nrab ntawm chav pw;
- luv "txoj kev hauv tsev" tsim los ntawm qhov rooj chav pw ua rau chav dej.
Windows hauv lub tsev no muaj nyob hauv txhua chav.
Koj tseem tuaj yeem tsim lub tsev Scandinavian nrog thaj tsam ntawm 75 m2 qhov kev teeb tsa no:
- lub qhov rooj nkag mus rau lub vestibule, nyob rau hauv parallel mus rau lub ntsiab facade;
- ntawm lwm sab ntawm lub vestibule, chav boiler kuj yog tib yam rau lub façade;
- qab lub vestibule hauv tsev muaj ib chav uas ua haujlwm ib txhij ua chav nyob, chav ua noj thiab chav noj mov;
- qab chav boiler yog chav dej;
- qab chav dej muaj chaw ua haujlwm.
chav dej thiab chaw ua haujlwm hauv lub tsev no tsuas yog nkag los ntawm chav nyob xwb.
Kev xav ntawm cov neeg xauj tsev txog Scandinavian tsev
Lub tsev ua tau raws li cov txheej txheem niaj hnub tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Lawv, ntawm chav kawm, muaj lawv qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo thiab cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis rau kev tsim tsev. Lub tsev ntawm hom no tau tsim nyob rau hauv Russia tsis ntev los no. Yog li ntawd, tsis muaj ntau yam tshuaj xyuas txog lawv hauv Internet. Tab sis tau kawg, qee tus tswv ntawm thaj chaw suburban uas tsim tsev siv cov thev naus laus zis no tseem qhia lawv txoj kev xav txog lawv hauv Is Taws Nem.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov tsev ntawm hom no, lawv cov tswv suav nrog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho, ncethermal rwb thaiv tsev cov khoom ntawm phab ntsa. Kev txiav txim siab los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas muaj nyob hauv Is Taws Nem, cov tswv ntawm Scandinavian cov tsev tsis tas yuav siv ntau dhau rau cua sov txawm tias nyob rau lub caij ntuj no txias tshaj plaws. Cov tsev ntawm hom no khaws cov cua sov zoo heev. Nws qhov kev poob tseem ceeb hauv cov qauv no, raws li tau sau tseg los ntawm lawv cov tswv, poob rau ntawm qhov rais. Yog li ntawd, cov tswv ntawm Scandinavian thav duab lub tsev pom zoo kom txhim kho tshwj xeeb niaj hnub ob chav tsev zoo ob chav glazed qhov rais thaum lawv tsim.
Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, microclimate hauv cov tsev, raws li tau sau tseg los ntawm lawv cov tswv, kuj zoo siab heev. Cov phab ntsa ntawm Scandinavian skeletons tsis kub ntau npaum li pob zeb lossis cib. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, lawv kuj paub "ua pa."
Qee qhov tsis zoo ntawm Scandinavian lub tsev, lawv cov tswv ntseeg tias thawj xyoo ntawm kev ua neej nyob hauv lawv cov ntxhiab tsw feem ntau hnov. Cov no tuaj yeem yog cov ntoo resin esters, impregnation, thiab lwm yam. Tab sis maj mam, raws li cov tswv ntawm cov tsev no sau tseg, txhua yam ntawm cov ntxhiab tsw txawv txav ploj mus thiab nyob hauv tsev yuav yooj yim dua.
Sab hauv
Scandinavian siv tshuab, yog li, raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, tsis muaj dab tsi tshwj xeeb. Koj tuaj yeem tsim lub tsev zoo li no yog tias koj xav tau, suav nrog koj tus kheej tes. Lawv decorate thav duab vaj tse tsim siv cov cuab yeej no, ntawm chav kawm, feem ntau kuj nyob rau hauv Scandinavian style. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kev tsim no yog:
- light xim - milky, sandy, beige;
- lub teeb thiab yooj yim hauv kev teeb tsa sab hauv cov khoom sib dhos los ntawm ntujntoo;
- lub teeb textiles tsis muaj qauv ntawm lub qhov rais.
Cov phab ntsa hauv cov tsev no feem ntau ua tiav nrog lub teeb ci ntsa iab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, hauv qee qhov chaw nws tau ua ke nrog hauv ob sab phlu. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov laug cam tau pleev xim rau siv cov wax dawb lossis roj tonic.
