Paving slabs (paving pob zeb) yog tsim los rau paving kev taug kev, footpaths. Nws kuj yog siv nyob rau hauv squares, chaw nres tsheb. Paving slabs yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv ruaj khov ntawm cov pob zeb ntuj: granite, bas alt, diabase.
Nws tiv taus cov neeg kho tshuab siab thiab ua haujlwm ntev dua li asph alt, vim nws tsis ntshai tsam huab cua phem thiab kub hloov pauv.
Paving slabs muaj ntau hom. Chiped paving pob zeb nrog cov npoo tsis sib xws yog pheej yig dua. Sanded vuas raug nqi ntau dua, tab sis zoo tagnrho rau kev taug kev. Kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom yog nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw. Thaum txhim kho kom raug, paving slabs yuav kav ntev.
Layout schemes
Nrog kev pab ntawm paving pob zeb, koj tuaj yeem tsim qauv zoo nkauj rau koj lub tiaj nraum qaum tsev. Cov qauv paving nrov tshaj plaws:
- Mosaic. pobzebhexagonal duab nteg tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug mosaic qauv. Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov xim sib txawv, nws muaj peev xwm los tsim tej ornaments. Koj tuaj yeem xaiv tus qauv ua ntej los ntawm kev xyaum nrog cov menyuam yaus ua si.
- Herringbone. Cov qauv no ntawm kev tso paving slabs yog qhov ntau tshaj plaws. Cov vuas yog muab tso rau ntawm kaum sab xis lossis 45 degrees rau ib leeg. Txoj kev paving no yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm lub zog siab, yog li nws feem ntau siv rau hauv kev teeb tsa ntawm txoj kev nkag. Cov kws tshaj lij tham txog qee qhov nuances ntawm txoj kev styling no. Yog tias cov vuas muab tso rau ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm 90 degrees, qhov chaw pom pom dav dua nrog 45-degree paving txoj kev.
- Cib. Tso paving slabs siv cov tswv yim no yuav txuag cov khoom. Qhov no yog cov qauv yooj yim tshaj plaws, tab sis yog tias koj hloov cov vuas ntawm cov xim sib txawv, cov txheej yuav muaj qhov zoo li qub.
- Chess. Cov vuas tso rau hauv cov qauv checkerboard saib zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj. Cov txheej txheem ntawm nteg nrog symmetrical squares yuav saib spectacular nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm lub vaj paths ntawm ib tug nruj daim ntawv.
- pob zeb diamond. Cov qauv no ntawm kev tso paving slabs muaj ntau txoj kev xaiv. Hauv qhov no, koj tuaj yeem ua ke cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov xim sib txawv, nrog rau nteg tawm cov duab kos rau ntawm lub platform dav. Qhov kev xaiv classic yog nteg cov vuas hauv burgundy, dawb thiab grey. Hom paving no yuav tsum tau npaj ua ntej ntawm kev kos duab schematic thiab ua tib zoo cim ntawm qhov chaw. Nws yog txoj kev no uas tso cai rau koj los ua tus qauv nrog cov nyhuv 3D.
- Cov qauv voj voog. Cov vuas yog muab tso rau hauv lub voj voog, rau txhua qhovcov ntsiab lus ntawm tib xim raug xaiv. Hom paving no yog siv rau thaj chaw loj. Lawv saib tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los ntawm qhov siab.
- Random order. Hauv qhov no, koj tuaj yeem siv cov vuas ntawm qhov sib txawv thiab xim. Paving yog ua tiav nyob rau hauv random kev txiav txim, tab sis yog hais tias tus tswv muaj abstract xav thiab artistic saj, ces lub layout yuav tig tawm mus ua thawj thiab stylish.
- Daim duab qauv. Pattern paving tsis yooj yim li nws zoo nkaus li thaum xub thawj siab ib muag. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam cov duab kos thiab xim qauv ntawm daim duab. Cov qauv tuaj yeem yog ntau haiv neeg: nplooj, hnub qub, paj, tsiaj daim duab. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov duab kos tsim hauv lub computer. Kev tso cov paving slabs kom zoo siv tus qauv yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo npaj thiab kos qhov tseeb ntawm qhov chaw.
- Nyob hauv pob zeb. Cov pobzeb, uas nrog nws cov kev ntxhib los mos zoo li lub pob zeb ntuj, zoo li ntuj thiab zoo nkauj ntawm txoj hauv kev ntawm lub vaj tsev. Paving yog ua nyob rau hauv random kev txiav txim. Cov khoom siv tuaj yeem ua ke nrog ntoo lossis pebbles. Pob zeb imitation vuas yog qhov tsim nyog yog tias lub façade ntawm lub tsev yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov khoom qub.
Tiav cov ntawv rau styling
Koj tuaj yeem yuav cov khoom zoo sib xws hnub no ntawm txhua lub khw muag khoom kho vajtse. Hauv qhov no, koj yuav tsum xaiv ib daim ntawv zoo tiag tiag. Lawv yog tsim los ntawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv, thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua tau zoo sib txawv heev.
Moulds yog tsim los ntawm polypropylene, roj hmab, yas, polyethylene, silicone,polyurethane. Kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau ua nrog cov khoom yas, feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab, yog li tsis yog txhua tus ntawm lawv yog cov khoom zoo.
Tsis txhob yuav cov pwm uas muaj qhov ntxhib thiab saib tsis zoo. Chips thiab lwm yam flaws, tsis muaj gloss kuj qhia qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom los ntawm cov khoom tsim.
Thaum yuav, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xyuam xim rau tus nqi ntawm daim ntawv. Cov khoom zoo tsis tuaj yeem pheej yig heev. Raws li txoj cai, cov chaw tsim khoom tsis muab kev lees paub rau cov khoom zoo li no.
Cia peb xav txog hom paving slab duab uas tsim nyog mloog.
YSilicon
Cov no yog cov qauv nrov tshaj plaws, zoo thiab siv tau yooj yim. Cov khoom siv elastic tso cai rau cov ntsiab lus me me ntawm cov qauv kom rov ua dua ntawm cov pobzeb.
Tib yam uas cuam tshuam qhov kev qhia ntawm silicone pwm rau hauv cov khoom loj yog qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm cov khoom. Raws li kev siv hauv tsev rau kev tso paving slabs hauv lub tebchaws, ntawm no lawv yog qhov tseem ceeb. Tus nqi ntawm silicone pwm yog pheej yig heev.
YPolyurethane
cov khoom zoo, muaj zog thiab ruaj khov. Polyurethane pwm yog zoo haum rau pouring paving slabs nrog koj tus kheej tes. Lawv qhov teeb meem tsuas yog lawv tus nqi siab.
Los ntawm polystyrene
Cov pwm zoo yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv no. Lawv zoo kawg nkaus qhia cov kev ntxhib los mos thiab cov qauv ntawm ntuj pob zeb, yog ib qho yooj yim mus use thiab ruaj. Cov ntaub ntawv no tsis tas yuav tsum tau soaked tom qab pouring, cov pobzeb yog yooj yim cais los ntawmntim khoom thaum ua haujlwm. Koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj thaum yuav khoom kom tsis txhob tau txais ib qho cuav. Cov ntawv zoo nkauj muaj cov yeeb yaj kiab tshwj xeeb ntawm sab hauv.
Fiberglass
Cov khoom tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv no yog siv los tso ntim ntim hauv lub vaj. Lub fiberglass pwm yog siv los ua cov vuas tag nrho rau kev ua vaj. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov duab kos duab thiab kho kom zoo nkauj rau lub teb chaws toj roob hauv pes.
Ua haujlwm nrog cov ntawv no tsis yooj yim heev, vim qhov no yuav tsum tau ua ntej lubrication. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau tsim cov pores hauv cov khoom molded, yog li cov pobzeb yuav tsum tau rov ua dua tom qab demolding.
PVC Y
cov khoom siv PVC nrog lub thickness tsawg kawg yog 1.5 hli muaj lub zog loj tshaj plaws. Rau cov thawv ntim nrog pob zeb, kev txhawb nqa tshwj xeeb thiab qhov chaw kom qhuav yog xav tau. Khaws cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv pwm yam tsawg kawg yog ob hnub kom txog thaum qhuav tag. Cov thawv no tuaj yeem tiv taus txog li 70 ntim.
Muaj PVC zaj duab xis pwm. Lawv cov phab ntsa nyias nyias. Cov khoom no ntim nrog mortar yuav tsum tsis txhob txav mus, txwv tsis pub lawv yuav deformed. Cov thawv ntim tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov muag thiab ntim nrog pob zeb.
Tom qab siv, ntxuav lawv tam sim hauv dej xab npum thiab qhuav. Qhov no yuav siv sij hawm ntau heev, yog li lawv tsis siv rau kev ua haujlwm loj. Tab sis txawm tias kev saib xyuas zoo tshaj plaws yuav tsis ua rau cov pwm no ruaj khov, tom qab 20 ntim lawv yuav tsum tau hloov nrog cov tshiab.
ABS
Cov khoom siv no yog siv los ua cov pob zeb loj loj rau thaj chaw dav. Cov khaub ncaws zoo yuav tsis muaj xim tsaus. Qhov no yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum yuav khoom. Cov yas tsaus yog feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab, yog li nws tuaj yeem tawg thaum deformed.
Rubber
Ib zaug cov ntawv no tau nrov thaum tso paving slabs hauv lub tebchaws. Nrog rau cov khoom siv niaj hnub no, cov khoom siv roj hmab tau siv tsawg thiab tsawg. Cov ntaub ntawv no hnyav, uas yuav ua rau lawv nyuaj rau kev ua haujlwm nrog. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv cov nqi tam sim no siab heev thaum piv nrog cov khoom yas.
paving technology
Paving slabs tau teeb tsa ntawm lub hauv paus hauv ntau txoj hauv kev. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv yog cov neeg nyiam, thiab kev xaiv yog nyob ntawm tus yam ntxwv ntawm thaj chaw, muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov av thiab cov peev txheej nyiaj txiag ntawm tus tswv ntawm qhov chaw.
Tau rau ntawm lub hauv paus pob zeb muab cov txheej txheem nrog kev ntseeg siab tshaj plaws thiab kav ntev. Cov cuab yeej siv no yog siv yog tias muaj kev thauj khoom loj ntawm lub hauv paus tau npaj. Txoj kev no yog siv thaum nruab qhov chaw nres tsheb thiab nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas cov khoom loj khaws cia.
Qhuav mix mounting yog siv rau pavements. Cov txheej txheem tso no yooj yim heev, tab sis nws yuav tsum tau ua siab ntev thiab ua raws li cov thev naus laus zis.
Ua ntej tso paving slabs hauv lub vaj, nws yuav tsum ua tib zoo npaj qhov chaw. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, kos cov ciam teb ntawm txoj kev taug kev, khawb qhov chaw so ntawm 10-15 centimeters raws tag nrho ntev. Hauv qab ntawm lub hauv paus yog them nrog cushion mesh, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los tiv thaiv txoj kev los ntawm cov nroj tsuag germination. Ntxiv mus, cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm nyob ntawm txoj kev paving.
Ntawm pob zebbase
Txoj paving slabs ntawm pob zeb mortar yog qhov nyuaj dua li lwm yam thev naus laus zis. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog txoj kev no uas ua rau cov pob zeb ua kom zoo rau ntau xyoo.
Ntxiv rau cov pob zeb, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los npaj geotextiles, xuab zeb thiab gravel rau kev tsim lub hauv ncoo. Cov lus qhia ua ntu zus rau kev tso paving slabs nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes siv lub mortar zoo li no:
- Ua ntej koj yuav tsum ua lub hauv ncoo. Nws tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv ntau txoj kev. Thawj zaug yog sau lub hauv paus nrog xuab zeb, tom qab ntawd nrog rubble, thiab tom qab ntawd dua nrog ib txheej ntawm xuab zeb. Qhov thib ob yog ua cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas los ntawm cov pob zeb crushed, thiab ces sau nrog xuab zeb.
- Txhua txheej yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo ua kom zoo. Geotextiles tuaj yeem muab tso rau ntawm ib txheej ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab gravel.
- Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tau npaj ib qho kev daws teeb meem. Koj tuaj yeem ua rau koj tus kheej los ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab cov cement qhuav, tab sis nws yooj yim dua los yuav cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke hauv lub khw thiab dilute nws nrog dej hauv cov proportions qhia ntawm pob. Tsis txhob ua ntau mortar ib zaug, raws li nws teem sai sai, thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm nteg paving pob zeb yog qeeb qeeb.
- Qhob mortar yog nchuav rau hauv txoj kev lossis lub platform. Qhov pom zoo thickness yog 2-3 cm. Cov sib tov yog leveled nrog ib tug notched trowel.
- Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog kev teeb tsa cov kab thaiv. Lawv muaj peb hom: txoj kev, vaj thiab pob tw. Nyob ntawm qhov chaw uas cov pob zeb paving yuav raug teeb tsa, lub vibro-pressed curb pob zeb, cib yog siv. Loj paving slabs kuj siv tau. Ib tug zawj yuav tsum tau khawb ib ncig ntawm lub perimeter ntawm lub pob zeb txheej. Npog nws hauv qab nrog cementmortar 3 cm tuab. Cov tshuaj yuav tsum tsis txhob pub kom qhuav tag. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog rau nruab ib lub pob zeb curb raws ib puag ncig ntawm txoj kev nrog cov roj hmab mallet.
- kauj ruam kawg yog tso pob zeb paving. Cov kev daws teeb meem yog nteg tawm hauv qhov chaw ntawm txoj kab thiab tib lub sijhawm cov vuas raug teeb tsa. Qhov khoob ntawm cov ntsiab lus tau ntim nrog pob zeb.
Txoj kev ua tiav tau muab tso tseg rau 3-4 hnub. Lub tsheb yuav tsum tau tos tsawg kawg 25 hnub kom dhau mus.
Qhuav nteg ntawm paving slabs yog tsim los ntawm cov sib tov tshwj xeeb, uas yog muag hauv khw muag khoom kho vajtse. Tom qab nchuav nrog dej securely fastens cov vuas ua ke thiab tsis pub noo noo mus rau hauv. Kev qhia ua ntu zus rau kev tso paving slabs nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes ntawm kev sib xyaw qhuav zoo li no:
- Ua ntej, ib lub hauv ncoo ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab crushed granite yog npaj. Geotextiles yog nteg nruab nrab ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Tsis txhob skimp ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv ncoo. Cov kua dej zoo yuav ua kom siv tau ntev ntawm kev khiav.
- Tom qab ntawd cov sib tov qhuav yog nchuav rau ntawm qhov chaw thiab ua tib zoo ntsuas. Lub thickness ntawm txheej yuav tsum yog kwv yees li 3 centimeters.
- Tom qab ntawd, cov kab thaiv tau teeb tsa hauv qhov trench ntawm cov cement mortar.
- Thaum kawg, teem lub pob zeb paving, theem nws nrog roj hmab mallet.
- Thaum cov pobzeb tso tag lawm, txoj kev muaj dej puv nkaus. Nkag mus rau hauv cov pob qij txha ntawm cov khoom, nws dhau mus rau qib ntawm cov tshuaj khib nyiab qhuav thiab cov pob zeb nws.
Nyob rau ntawm xuab zeb
Sand yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv tau yooj yim tshaj plaws, yog li cov tshuab no yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab pheej yig tshaj. Ib txheej ntawm xuab zeb mus txog 15 centimeters tuab yog nteg tawm ntawm qhov chaw npaj.
Rau qhov raug tso ntawm paving slabs, kev tsim kho ntawm txoj kab nqes mus txog 5 degrees yog xav tau. Lawv tsim nyog kom noo noo tsis nyob rau hauv txoj kev thiab tsis txhob plam cov vuas.
txheej xuab zeb yog leveled, ntim nrog dej thiab compacted. Tom qab ntawd cov curbs yog ntsia rau ntawm lub pob zeb mortar. Muab cov pob zeb paving, tawm ntawm qhov deb ntawm 5 hli ntawm cov khoom.
Qhov khoob ntawm cov vuas yog ntim nrog xuab zeb, thiab tom qab ntawd tag nrho cov khiav yog rammed nrog lub phaj vibrating. Kev tso paving slabs kom zoo yog ua tiav thaum tuav txoj kab nqes kom tsis txhob ya raws ntawm txoj kev. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom kaw paving pob zeb. Thaum ntawd, nws yuav tsis tuav.
Pro Tips
Thaum yuav cov paving slabs, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los muab cov khoom pov tseg uas yuav tsum tau zam thaum txiav. Yuav tsim nyog yuav me ntsis ntxiv kom koj tsis tas yuav nrhiav cov khoom zoo ib yam tom qab.
ci ntsa iab paving pob zeb tsis qhia nws qhov zoo. Kev nplua nuj ntawm cov xim tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub zog ntawm cov khoom.
Nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav cov vuas kom sib npaug thiab meej. Yuav kom txiav zoo zoo, nws yog txiav nrog ib tug grinder, thiab ces phua. Nws tsis pom zoo kom txiav nws tag, vim nws siv sijhawm ntau dhau.
Npaj av raupaving nyob ntawm seb lub pob zeb paving yuav siv li cas. Rau kev hla ntawm cov neeg, koj tuaj yeem nteg cov vuas rau ntawm qhov sib tov qhuav. Lub hauv paus pob zeb yog npaj rau txoj kev tsheb.
Kev xaiv ntawm pobzeb tuab kuj nyob ntawm cov haujlwm uas nws yuav ua. Rau footpaths, paving pob zeb 4 centimeters tuab yog txaus. Kev caij tsheb kauj vab yuav tsum muaj cov vuas luaj li 6 centimeters tuab. Rau cov tsheb, cov pob zeb paving ntawm 8 cm yog xav tau, thiab cov tsheb thauj khoom - 10 cm.
Kev tso paving slabs tsis yog qhov nyuaj li nws zoo li. Qhov tseem ceeb yog ua tib zoo npaj lub hauv paus thiab ua tib zoo ua kom tiav tag nrho cov paving ua haujlwm.
