Txhua tus tswv ntawm chav tsev lossis lub tsev ntiag tug ntawm qee lub sijhawm yuav los ua kom pom tseeb tias yuav tsum hloov cov xaim hluav taws xob. Hloov cov xaim koj tus kheej, tau kawg, yuav tsis yooj yim. Tsis muaj txoj hauv kev los ua yam tsis muaj kev paub txog cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov xaim hluav taws xob, tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntawv xov xwm hauv tsev thiab, ntawm chav kawm, tsis muaj koj tus kheej txaus siab rau cov txheej txheem txaus nyiam.
Vim li cas cov neeg feem coob txiav txim siab hloov txoj hlua lawv tus kheej?
Hloov cov xaim hauv thaj chaw nyob ntawm lawv tus kheej feem ntau yog daws nrog rau kev kho dua tshiab. Qhov no yog tej zaum qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws ntawm nws. Cov neeg feem coob xaiv hloov tus kheej rau ntau yam laj thawj. Lub ntsiab yog, ntawm chav kawm, tus nqi ntawm hom kev kho no. Nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam lub nroog ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation, ib tug tshwj xeeb hloov hluav taws xob xaim los ntawm ib lub koom haum raug nqi ntau tshaj ib txhiab rubles ib square meter.
yog qhov hloov pauv raws likab mob?
Teb cov lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas hloov cov xaim hauv tsev, ua ntej koj yuav tsum paub tias qhov twg yog qhov poob rau hauv qeb hloov.
Kev hloov kab hluav taws xob suav nrog:
- hloov cov xov hlau ua los ntawm txhuas nrog tooj liab xov;
- kev ua tiav ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov phiaj xwm muab hluav taws xob los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke hauv nruab nrab TN-C rau TN-CS, uas lav kev tiv thaiv hauv av;
- zam kev txuas ntawm cov xaim los txuas cov pab pawg sib txawv.
Vim li cas thiaj hloov cov hlau txhuas?
Nws paub tias cov hlau thaiv txhuas tau siv dav hauv ntiaj teb hauv xyoo caum thiab xya. Thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, lub ntsiab lus no tau nyiam ntau vim nws cov nqi pheej yig thiab kev nyab xeeb, nws ntseeg tau tias kev rho tawm thiab, ntxiv rau, cov smelting ntawm tooj liab yog qhov tsim kev puas tsuaj rau tib neeg lub cev.
Tab sis hnub no qhov kev pom tau los txog tias yuav tsum tau hloov cov xaim, tshwj xeeb yog cov xaim txhuas, vim lawv tsis tsim nyog rau cov xaim hluav taws xob vim muaj ntau yam:
- Hnub no, hauv thaj chaw nyob, raws li txoj cai, ntau ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj ntau ntau. Hauv qhov no, lub zog rau cov xaim yog ntau dua, yog li niaj hnub no feem ntau cov hlau thaiv txhuas tsis tuaj yeem tiv taus cov xwm txheej niaj hnub no.
- Txawm tias muaj dej tsawg tshaj plaws, txhuas yog raug electrocorrosion emanating los ntawm cov hlau sheath. Yog li ntawd, ib tug zoo li monolithic hlau hloov mus rau hewn rau hauv av, li no feem ntau malfunctions tshwm sim, uas tej zaum yuav ua rau muaj xwm txheej ceev.
- Rau sawv dawsaluminium yog paub tias yog cov hlau mos. Nws yog squeezed tawm los ntawm nyob rau hauv lub screws ntawm lub terminals, lub twisting ntsiab lus tsis muaj zog, thiab lub soldering ntawm lub caij no yog ib qho nyuaj, kim thiab yog ib tug ntawm cov thiaj li hu ua teeb meem industries. Vim tias duralumin hu tsis tuaj yeem ntseeg tau.
Vim li cas hloov koj txoj kev npaj fais fab?
Txoj kev npaj hluav taws xob hauv tsev TN-C nyob rau hauv Soviet era yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev siv hluav taws xob loj, lub sijhawm Soviet tau pom los ntawm qhov ntev ntawm kev sib txuas lus hauv lub tebchaws loj thiab tsis muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. hlau.
Nrog lub cev qhuav dej ntawm Soviet Union, Lavxias teb sab Federation tau txais ib qho kev sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob - TN-CS, uas lav qhov kev nyab xeeb siab tshaj plaws rau cov neeg siv khoom, tsis hais lub xeev ntawm daim phiaj fais fab.
Yuav ua li cas hloov cov xaim hauv chav tsev nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes?
Yog tias koj txiav txim siab hloov cov xaim hauv ib chav, tsev, koj yuav tsum ua raws li qee qhov kev ua haujlwm. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias los ntawm kev ua raws li cov phiaj xwm teeb tsa, koj tuaj yeem txo tus nqi hloov hluav taws xob los ntawm yuav luag peb zaug.
Yuav hloov cov xaim hauv tsev li cas? Hloov cov kauj ruam:
- Koj yuav tsum pib los ntawm kev teeb tsa lub phiaj xwm hluav taws xob rau koj qhov chaw nyob.
- Schematically piav qhia txog cov kab hluav taws xob ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob uas twb muaj lawm thiab pom zoo nrog daim ntawv teev npe fais fab mov.
- Tau lub tsev ib ntus.
- Tom ntej, peb txuas ncaj qha rau cov tshuab, suav nrog cov tshuab thiab cov keyboards, peb txuas cov cuab yeejDifferential tam sim no.
- Tam sim no koj yuav tsum tau nruab qhov (sockets) thiab cov khoom siv nyob ruaj ruaj (nrog rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev).
- Thaum kawg, yuav tsum ua cov xaim los ntawm pawg thiab cov ntsiab lus los txuas cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Yog tias koj txaus siab rau lo lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas hloov cov xaim hauv lub vaj huam sib luag, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias ua ntej hloov cov xaim hluav taws xob, yuav tsum tau ua hauv av, yog tias ua tau, los yog hauv av yuav tsum tau muab.
Koj xav tau cov kab hluav taws xob ntau npaum li cas?
Cov xaim hluav taws xob zoo hauv tsev yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub zog siv los ntawm cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis.
Ntau zaus, cov kev pabcuam pej xeem tau teeb tsa qee qhov kev txwv ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob, piv txwv li, hauv thaj chaw nyob deb nroog, kev txwv ntawm 20-30 kW ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob rau ib cheeb tsam nyob. Tau kawg, nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig hauv nroog, xws li kev txwv tsis pub siv hluav taws xob tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav. Yog tias lub zog nce mus txog qib siab, hauv cov tsev tsev nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov tsheb thauj mus los hauv nruab nrab hauv qhov nkag.
Peb kuj tseem nco ntsoov tias nyob rau hauv Soviet lub tsev tsib-zaj dab neeg, qhov twg lub hwj chim txwv yog 2.3 kW, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los hloov cov xaim.
Tau kawg, cov neeg nyob hauv cov tsev no yoog raws li cov xwm txheej tsim nyog, lawv paub tias ib tus tsis tuaj yeem qhib ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob tib lub sijhawm - ib qho yuav tsum hloov pauv thiab ntsuas qhov nyiam. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, thaum koj xav kom lub tshuab cua txias ua haujlwm.txhua hnub.
Ua tib zoo xam qhov voltage
Peb yuav tsis xav txog qhov nthuav dav yuav ua li cas xam lub hwj chim rau txhua yam ntawm qhov chaw nyob, cia peb ua tib zoo saib ntawm qhov kev xaiv noj rau qhov nruab nrab lub nroog chav tsev nrog thaj tsam ntawm 100 square meters:
- lub ntsuas nruab nrab yuav tsum muaj kev nyeem ntawv - los ntawm 30 txog 35 A, raws li thaj tsam ntawm thaj chaw nyob;
- RCD rau qhov chaw nyob yog 55 A - 35 uA;
- ob ceg ntawm cov xov hlau ntawm 4 square mm yuav tsum mus rau hauv chav ua noj;
- ntawm txhua ceg mus rau chav ua noj muaj 30A RCDs ntawm 30uA;
- cua txias lossis cais qhov system - cais cov ceg ntoo - 3 sq. mm - mus rau lub hauv paus txee 15 A, RCD - 25A ntawm 30 μA;
- sockets thiab teeb pom kev zoo circuits - yuav tsum dhau ib mus rau txhua chav - xov hlau nyeem 2.5 sq. mm.
Hauv paus ntsiab lus, cov no yog tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb rau ib txoj kab hluav taws xob rau ib chav tsev.
Npaj cov phiaj xwm muab hluav taws xob
Yog tias koj nyob hauv ib lub nroog npaj chav tsev, ces ua lub hauv paus rau koj lub tswv yim, yog tias koj tsis tau hloov qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom hauv tsev, koj tuaj yeem coj cov qauv ntawm cov qauv kev npaj. Ntawm cov qauv zoo li no, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum nkag mus rau koj cov lus tim khawv. Lub hom RCD muab rau ntawm tus qauv tuaj yeem sab laug, qhov no tsis ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb.
Thaum kos daim duab, ua tib zoo ua raws li qhov teev thiab qhov loj ntawm cov cim ntawm cov khoom tam sim no. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias lawv qhov ntsuas tsis raug tsis raug tso cai. Ntawd yog, hluav taws xob condensate yuav tsumsaib ntawm daim duab raws li ob kab sib txuas ib nrab ntawm ib millimeter tuab thiab tsis pub ntau tshaj ib centimeter ntev, cov sticks yuav tsum nyob ntawm qhov deb ntawm 2 mm ntawm ib leeg - tsis muaj lwm yam kev xaiv ntawm daim duab.
Hloov cov kab hluav taws xob hauv tsev
Yuav ua li cas hloov cov xaim hauv tsev nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes? Yuav pib nrog, raws li cov theem ntawm kev hloov, peb nqa tawm kev npaj - kho lub tsev pheeb suab ib ntus. Them ua ntej tag nrho cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob tsim nyog rau kev npaj ua haujlwm. Peb kuj npaj cov hlua txuas ntev kom peb tuaj yeem ua haujlwm hauv txhua chav yam tsis muaj teeb meem ntau.
Tom qab ntawd, nco ntsoov tua cov meters ntawm chav tsev kom tsis muaj zog. Nws yog tsim nyog los unscrew lub plugs los yog tua lub hauv paus tsev 'meter'. Tom ntej no, peb hollow tawm qhov chaw nyob ib ncig ntawm lub 'meter' kom coj cov xov hlau los ntawm lub ntsuas hluav taws xob mus rau saum npoo.
Peb txuas lub tsev pheeb suab ib ntus ntawm qhov nruj nruj rau cov xaim xaim tawm mus rau sab nraud (twisting yog tso cai rau lub sijhawm ua haujlwm zoo li no), ua tib zoo tshem cov pob qij txha, ces khi lub tsev pheeb suab ib ntus rau ntawm phab ntsa.
Ua rooj vag
Nws tsim nyog sau cia ua ntej tias strobes tuaj yeem siv ncaj, kab rov tav lossis ntsug. Peb pom zoo kom siv cov kab rov tav strobes raws li qhov kev xaiv rov qab, lawv qee zaum tsis yooj yim heev ntawm qhov kev nkag siab tias lawv hla tsuas yog ib nrab ib 'meter' hauv qab nthab. Txoj hlua khi thiab nkhaus yog qhov txaus ntshai heev thaum hloov cov hlua hluav taws xob.
Kev khawb thiab caum phab ntsa yuav tsum tsuas yog ua rau ntawm tus ntaiv nrog sab nres, uas yog heevfeem ntau hauv kev ua haujlwm lawv siv cov ntawv nplaum ntawm kev tshaj tawm siab. Ib qho yooj yim stepladder nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm lub cuab tam tuaj yeem yooj yim qhia koj rov qab nrog rau cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm, uas tuaj yeem ua rau raug mob.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog tam sim kos cov ciam teb tsim nyog rau lub strobe nrog lub grinder. Raws li txoj cai, lawv ua qhov tob hauv txoj kab uas hla ntawm corrugation thiab qhov dav ntawm lub laum me ntsis, ces lawv sau qhov zawj nrog nws. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov ces kaum, nws yog tsim nyog los ua ib tug oblique incision nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug grinder thiab khob tawm ib lub qhov nrog ib tug dol, thiaj li hais tias cov khoov ntawm lub corrugation hloov mus rau du. Qhov chaw rau lub txee kuj ua nrog chisel.
Nws raug nquahu kom xaiv ob lub rooj vag rau cov keyboards, uas yuav muab ob lub cable tso rau ib zaug.
Hnub no, kev hloov cov xaim tsis muaj qhov rooj yuav muaj qee yam teeb meem, yog li koj yuav tsum ceeb toom koj cov neeg nyob ze ua ntej txog lub sijhawm uas koj yuav ua haujlwm nrov nrov. Tau kawg, nws tuaj yeem nqa tawm thaum sawv ntxov.
Yuav hloov cov xaim hauv tsev li cas? Ua ntej, peb ntsuas qhov ntev ntawm lub cable thiab corrugation. Peb nruj lub cable nws tus kheej mus rau hauv corrugation nyob rau hauv pem teb. Tom ntej no, peb ntxig lub qhov (socket) rau hauv cov cim ntawm lub hauv ncoo alabaster. Tam sim no peb nteg cov corrugation los ntawm cov cables mus rau hauv lub strobes, thaum sim coj qhov kawg ntawm cov xov hlau mus rau hauv lub sockets ntsia. Thaum kawg ntawm lub subrack, peb qhia nrog ib txheej ntawm alabaster rau ntawm phab ntsa, thiab peb plaster lub strobes nrog corrugation ntawm lub ncua sij hawm ntawm kwv yees li ib nrab ib 'meter'.
Tam sim no koj yuav tsum tau ntxig qhov kawg ntawm cov corrugations rau hauv VSC, nplaum lawv nrog cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb muab tshuaj txhuam, zawm nrog tin clamp ntawm lub hau, thiabncaj qha txuas cov ntsia hlau mus rau hauv av davhlau ya nyob twg ntawm VSC. Peb nruab VSC nyob rau hauv qhov yuav tsum tau, ua cov cim rau lub mounting qhov, laum thiab muab cov dowels.
Kuaj xyuas yog tias txhua yam tsis muaj zog, peb txiav lub tsev pheeb suab ib ntus. Tom ntej no, peb nruab cov xov hlau los ntawm lub ntsuas hluav taws xob thiab chav tsev PE hauv VSC, uas peb tam sim ntawd txuas rau VSC rooj plaub. Lub tom kawg yog ruaj ruaj rau phab ntsa. Peb cais cov xov hlau los ntawm qhov ntsuas thiab muab tso rau hauv VSC vaj tsev. Tom ntej no, peb kho qhov chaw nyob ib puag ncig nrog plaster.
Nco ntsoov txog cov xim hlau
hom kev ua ub no cuam tshuam ncaj qha nrog cov xov hlau hluav taws xob, yog li koj yuav tsum rov nyeem cov xov hlau twg yog lub luag haujlwm rau dab tsi.
Yog li, lub xim xiav (lossis lub teeb xiav) ib txwm hais txog qhov nruab nrab N xaim. Cov PE hlau npaj rau kev tiv thaiv yog qhia nyob rau hauv daj nrog ib tug longitudinal greenish stripe.
Phase xov hlau tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv, xws li dawb, liab, daj lossis xim av. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias thaum hloov cov xaim, tsuas yog cov xov hlau ntawm tib xim tuaj yeem txuas tau.
Phase-rau-zero, theem-rau-theem, thiab qhib / tawm ntawm xoom so tsis raug tso cai.
kawg theem: plastering lub khoom
Tam sim no yog lub sijhawm rau plasterers, painters thiab wallpaperers. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum xub thawj nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau sau cov sockets nrog cov roj hmab ua npuas ncauj, ntawv lossis cov ntaub ntub dej yaug nrog cov phab ntsa, thiab kaw VSC nrog ib daim ntawv yas, rub nws hauv qab ntawm nws.framing.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias lub 'meter' kuj yuav tsum tau them nrog zaj duab xis, tab sis xyuas kom meej tias txhua yam yog superimposed zoo zoo yam tsis tau tawg lub foob - koj yuav tsis muaj teeb meem nrog kev pab cuam lub zog tom qab. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias lub foob raug mob thiab puas lawm, koj yuav tsum tau ceeb toom tam sim no rau lub koom haum tsim nyog.
Thaum kawg, tom qab lub plastering, painting thiab gluing ua hauj lwm, lub qhov (socket) thiab VSC feem ntau yuav zoo li hnav thiab glued, tab sis lawv tsuas yuav hnov thiab lub wallpaper txiav tawm raws li tus qauv. Muaj kev ywj pheej plaster tsis txaus los ntawm cov qhov (socket), peb nruab qhov (socket), keyboards, teeb pom kev zoo, lub boiler.
Tom qab ntawd, ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb hauv VSC, peb nqa tawm lub zog hluav taws xob, tab sis cov tswv yim los ntawm lub ntsuas hluav taws xob yuav tsum tsis txhob txuas ntxiv. Ua tib zoo cais txhua ceg ntawm cov xov hlau ua ntej nkag mus rau hauv lub davhlau ya nyob twg thaiv yuav tsum tau kuaj nrog tus ntsuas ntsuas rau luv luv:
- Nyob ib pliag peb pib ntws mus rau chav tsev.
- Peb pom qhov taw qhia theem xoom, uas txav deb ntawm lub ntsuas hluav taws xob.
- Tshem tawm cov ntsuas khoom noj khoom haus.
- Peb cais cov theem thiab xoom ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg thaiv nrog cov xaim ntawm cov xim sib xws.
- Khiab dua rau qhov luv luv tam sim no nrog qhov voltage ntawm.
- Kua lub tshuab tseem ceeb, lub zog lub tsev, thiab tig rov qab.
Nov yog nws, txoj hlua hluav taws xob tau hloov pauv zoo.
Nyob rau hauv xaus, nws yog tsim nyog sau cia hais tias hloov cov hlau tsis yog ib qho yooj yim txoj hauj lwm rau tus tswv tsev. Nws tsim nyog yog tias kojkoj muaj peev xwm tsim ib lub tswv yim ntawm lub hwj chim, kev npaj xaim thiab npaj lawv kom tsim nyog.
Kev nyab xeeb
Ua ntej ua haujlwm, nco ntsoov tua hluav taws xob, av txhua yam uas ua tau. Tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi koj yuav tsum txuag ntawm cov xov hlau zoo, lub qhov (sockets) thiab cov keyboards - qhov no tuaj yeem xaus tsis zoo. Nws raug nquahu kom siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kaw thaum ua haujlwm. Qhov no yuav tsis muab tag nrho kev ruaj ntseg (zoo li tsis muaj dab tsi ntxiv), tab sis nws muaj peev xwm txo tau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm txoj kev no.
