Qhov siab ntawm txoj hlua khi ntawm tus ntaiv yog ua raws li kev cai nruj. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias cov laj kab yog tsim los tiv thaiv cov neeg ntog uas txav mus rau hauv cov ntaiv. Txawm hais tias muaj kev xav ntawm cov neeg tsim qauv thiab cov kev xaiv loj heev rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj railings, craftsmen yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev cai hais txog lawv qhov siab, cov khoom ntawm kev tsim, hom fastening thiab lub zog theem.
Qhov siab ntawm cov railings thiab teeb meem: GOST thiab SNiP yuav tsum
Qhov loj me thiab qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov ntaiv railings tau qhia hauv cov ntaub ntawv tswj hwm xws li GOST thiab SNiP. Raws li lawv cov ntsiab lus, txhua tus qauv uas muaj ntau tshaj peb kauj ruam yuav tsum tau nruab nrog ib lub railing. Lawv qhov siab thiab hom nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaiv, lawv qhov dav thiab qhov siv ntau zaus. Cov laj kab tsuas tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau ntawm ib sab yog tias qhov dav ntawm cov qauv tsis tshaj 125 cm thiab sab nraud yog nyob ib sab ntawm phab ntsa lossis lub tsev peev. Cov khoom loj dua yuav tsum tau railings ntawm ob sab. featureCov ntaiv dav dav, uas ncav cuag 250 cm, yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua laj kab tsis yog ntawm ob sab, tab sis kuj nyob hauv nruab nrab.
Tab sis tsis yog tag nrho. Tus qauv qhov siab ntawm railing raws tus ntaiv ntawm cov tsev ntiag tug txawv ntawm qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov laj kab tsim hauv cov tsev pej xeem lossis hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Raws li qhov tseeb tias tom kawg yog tsim los rau kev muaj peev xwm hla teb chaws ntau dua, tib neeg txoj kev nyab xeeb tau saib xyuas ntau dua.
laj kab hauv tsev nyob
Qhov siab ntawm txoj hlua khi ntawm cov ntaiv saum toj no rau meters yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg ib 'meter'. Rau cov txheej txheem qis, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau txhim kho cov railings, qhov ntev ntawm qhov tsis pub tsawg tshaj 90 cm. Rau ntau pawg ntawm cov neeg siv, tes tuav yog teem rau ntawm 70 thiab 90 cm. Qhov kev tsim no tso cai rau cov kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg uas muaj kev txwv tsis pub txav mus los lossis hauv lub rooj zaum muaj log.
Txoj cai tswj hwm kev tsim tsa cov ntaiv hauv cov tsev pej xeem
Tuav thiab railings ntsia hauv chav uas muaj coob tus neeg nyob txhua hnub raug kev ntxhov siab ntau dua li cov ntaiv hauv tsev ntiag tug. Vim li no, lawv cov chaw tsim khoom thiab kev teeb tsa tau txais kev saib xyuas ntxiv. Qhov siab tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov tes tuav ntawm cov ntaiv hauv ib lub tsev pej xeem yog teem rau ntawm 90 cm. Cov tsev kawm ntawv thiab lwm lub koom haum kev kawm tau raug zam. Ntawm no, laj kab yuav tsum tau tsa tsis pub qis dua 120 cm. Yog tias peb tham txog cov chaw tsim khoom uasqhia cov menyuam yaus nrog kev loj hlob qeeb, tom qab ntawd qhov yuav tsum tau ua qhov siab ntawm railing nce mus rau 180 cm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov balusters tsis tuaj yeem tshaj 10 cm. ntawm kev raug mob rau cov me nyuam daig hauv lub laj kab. Qhov yuav tsum tau muaj zog rau railings nyob rau hauv pej xeem cov tsev yog tib yam li rau cov tsev nyob. Lawv yuav tsum tiv taus qhov hnyav tsawg kawg 30 kg/cm3.
Lwm hom laj kab
GOST muaj cov cai rau cov khoom siv ntawm lub ru tsev ua haujlwm. Yog tias tsim nyog rau cov neeg mus rau lub ru tsev ntawm lub tsev, cov laj kab yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm nws ntug. Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus qhov siab ntawm railing ntawm lub ru tsev ntawm lub tsev siab tshaj 10 m siab yog 60 cm. Tsuas yog cov hlau yog siv rau lawv siv. Thaum txhim kho cov tsev mus txog 30 m, ib lub railing ib meter siab yog muab tso rau ntawm lub ru tsev. Rau cov tsev siab dua, qhov loj ntawm lub laj kab nce mus rau 120 cm. Yog tias muaj qhov qis qis rau ntawm lub ru tsev, qhov ntev ntawm lub railing mounted ntawm lub hauv paus no yuav me dua li cov ntsia. Txawm li cas los xij, tag nrho qhov siab ntawm lub laj kab yuav tsum tau ua raws li tus qauv. Yog hais tias lub tsev architecture ntawm chav tsev muaj ib lub hauv paus podium los yog nce rau lwm lub hom phiaj, nws yuav tsum tau fenced. Railing qhov siab raws li GOST - 90 cm.
laj kab kev cai thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv
Curvilinear (kauv) staircases yuav tsum tau nruab nrog railings ntawm ob sab. Thaum tsim cov staircases, qhov no tsis tsim nyog. Tom qab tag nrho, lawv nyob ib ncig ntawm tus ncej txhawb nqa. Yog tias tsim nyog, tus neeg tuaj yeemsiv railings kom muaj kev sib npaug. Cov kws tsim qauv thiab cov kws tsim khoom siv tes ua yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev cai no nruj me ntsis, vim cov qauv nkhaus yog qhov txaus ntshai tshaj li cov kab ncaj nraim los yog cov rotary.
Hom kev tiv thaiv
hom railing yog xaiv raws li tus qauv tsim thiab teeb tsa lub staircase muaj. Thaum tsim cov khoom no, xav txog cov hauv qab no:
- Khoom siv hauv kev tsim cov ntaiv.
- Kev tsim thiab qhov siab ntawm laj kab.
- Cov qauv thiab cov cai hais txog ib hom laj kab.
Feem ntau yog hlau railings. Nws tuaj yeem siv ua ke nrog lwm cov ntaub ntawv (pob zeb, ntoo, iav, pob zeb, plaster). Thaum tsim cov vaj tsev nyob, ntau tus tswv nyiam cov qauv ntoo. Lawv tuaj yeem nruab, pleev xim thiab kho los ntawm koj tus kheej.
iav thiab pob zeb railings
Rau cov ntaiv nrog iav railings, cov kev xav tau rau lub zog thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom yog suav tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Rau cov qauv kev tiv thaiv zoo li no, muaj cov cai tshwj xeeb thiab cov qauv. Lawv suav nrog kev siv laminated, reinforced lossis tempered iav.
Vim qhov nrov ntawm cov pob zeb ntaiv thiab railings, cov qauv kuj tau tsim rau lawv. Qhob balusters yuav tsum muaj hlau reinforcement. Muaj tseeb, qhov no tseem tsis tau muab lawv tso rau ntawm qhov sib npaug nrog txhua lub laj kab hlau. GOST qhia cov theem ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus kab rov tav load uas railing yuav tsum tau: 30 kg / cm 3. Pob zeb balusters uas tsis ruaj khov los yog nrum los ntawm cov khoom tsis zoo yuav tsis ua raws li tus qauv no. Txhawm rau kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov staircase, cov neeg ua haujlwm siv tes ua kom muab cov ncej ntsug ruaj khov raws cov npoo ntawm nws txoj kev taug kev. Lawv qhov loj me tuaj yeem loj dua qhov siab ntawm railing, thiab cov khoom siv yog hlau thiab pob zeb. Cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv tiav yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas. Lawv tswj tag nrho cov tsis tseem ceeb: qhov siab, lub zog, fastening ntseeg. Kev txheeb xyuas qhov tsis sib haum xeeb cuam tshuam nrog kev siv cov kev nplua.
