Raws li koj paub, plaster yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev kho. Nws ua hauj lwm los tsim ib lub tiaj tiaj tiaj. Thov ua ntej ua tiav. Tab sis tsis ntev los no, ntau thiab ntau zaus, cov tsoos plaster yog hloov nrog cov hniav zoo nkauj. Cia wb mus saib seb qhov cover no yog dab tsi. Cov kab lus tseem yuav nthuav qhia cov hom tseem ceeb ntawm cov hniav plaster.
cov ntaub ntawv dav dav
Ntxiv rau nws qhov kev pom zoo, txhua yam ntawm cov hniav plaster muaj ntau yam zoo. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm cov khoom ntawm lwm tus. Txhua hom kev ntxhib los mos thiab zoo nkauj plasters muaj xws li lub hauv paus kua (dej dawb ua raws li nws), ib tug muab tub lim (txiv qaub, granite los yog marble chips, xuab zeb, thiab lwm yam), raws li zoo raws li ib tug polymer binder. Cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem siv tau thaum ua tiav ntau qhov chaw. Zoo li cov zoo tib yam, hom hniav plaster muaj peev xwm npog qhov tsis xws luag ntawm phab ntsa thiab qab nthab. Koj tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog cov ntaub ntawv cib, pob zeb, ntoo, plasterboard thiab lwm qhov chaw. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, hniav plaster tuaj yeemtxheej txheem thiab curvilinear cov ntaub ntawv. Ib qho ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv yog nws plasticity. Ua tsaug rau qhov zoo ntawm qhov saum npoo, cov duab sib txawv tuaj yeem muab tau. Qee hom hniav plaster (cov duab ntawm cov haujlwm tuaj yeem pom hauv qab no) tuaj yeem siv rau "sculpt" txhua yam ntawm cov qauv thiab cov duab ncaj qha rau ntawm phab ntsa. Nyob ntawm seb qhov tshwm sim yuav tsum tau txais, ntau yam ntaub ntawv (plhaub, pebbles, mica thiab lwm yam) tuaj yeem muab ntxiv rau qhov sib tov los ua "volumetric" nto. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias nws yog qhov "versatility" uas ua rau cov hniav plaster yog ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem nrov tshaj plaws. Cov khoom siv tuaj yeem siv rau kev ua haujlwm sab hauv tsev thiab sab nraum zoov. Yog li, muaj cov tshwj xeeb ntawm facade hniav plaster.
Kev faib tawm
Ntau hom hniav plaster raws li ntau yam tsis muaj. Hauv particular, cov khoom raug faib raws li hom muab tub lim, binder, txoj kev tsim. Cov no yog nyob deb ntawm tag nrho cov tsis tau los ntawm cov hom ntawm cov hniav plasters txawv. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv kuj txawv rau txhua hom. Ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb uas qhov kev faib tawm yog nqa tawm yog hom muab tub lim. Tom ntej no, xav txog hom hniav plaster rau phab ntsa nyias.
khoom nrov
Hnub no, raws li kev xyaum qhia, textured plaster yog qhov dav tshaj plaws. Ib qho zoo ntawm cov txheej txheej no yog nws qhov qisnqe. Pebbles me me, mica, pob zeb hauv av chips, ntoo fibers yog siv los ua fillers nyob rau hauv compositions. Ua tsaug rau cov khoom no, qhov saum npoo yog voluminous, 3D nyhuv yog tsim. Undoubtedly, xws li txheej zoo li zoo dua li tsuas yog ib phab ntsa pasted nrog wallpaper los yog pleev xim rau qab nthab. Textured rollers thiab cov nyiaj tshwj xeeb feem ntau yog siv los txhim kho cov nyhuv.
Uniform coverage
Qhov saum npoo zoo li no tuaj yeem tsim siv cov qauv ntawm cov hniav plaster. "Bark beetle" yog lwm lub npe rau cov khoom no. Nws yog vim lub fact tias muab tub lim (fine-grained additives) muab qhov chaw zoo li ib tsob ntoo qub. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov phab ntsa zoo nkauj plasters tso cai rau koj los tsim tsis tau tsuas yog cov txheej txheej, tab sis kuj muaj cov nyhuv mosaic. Qhov feem ntawm cov fillers yog qhov loj dua li ntawm cov khoom siv txheem.
Cov kev pab cuam zoo
Venetian hniav plaster yog suav hais tias niaj hnub no yog ib qho "ntau tshaj" hom. Hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv marble chips. Raws li txoj cai, xws li txheej tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv hauv cov qauv qub thiab classical. Vim lub homogeneity ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov khoom yog ib tug zoo heev lub hauv paus rau tsim zoo kawg nkaus masterpieces. Tab sis nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias kev txawj thiab kev paub tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau siv cov txheej txheem zoo li no.
Cov khoom siv sab nrauv
Nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam niaj hnub no muaj ntau yam zoo nkauj facade plaster. Cov khoom nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj peev xwm muaj ntau yam fillers. Lub ntsiab sib txawv uascov hom hniav plaster muaj (ib daim duab ntawm ib co coatings tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm), lawv yog cov khoom ua haujlwm siab, tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias, dej thiab suab impermeability. Ua tsaug rau nws cov thermal rwb thaiv tsev zoo heev, kev pom kev pom, nrog rau kev muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv thiab ntxiv dag zog rau lub ntsej muag, xws li plaster yog tsim nyog tau txais kev lees paub los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij hauv kev tsim kho thiab kho kom zoo nkauj.
Eco-friendly txheej
qeb no suav nrog gypsum plaster. Feem ntau cov pob zeb thiab cib ua tiav nrog cov khoom siv no. Qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw suav nrog gypsum puag thiab qee cov khoom siv polymer. Ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb uas cov txheej no muaj lub zog siab, ductility, thiab ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom tso cai rau koj los tsim qhov chaw txawm tshaj plaws.
Hom hniav plaster: qhov zoo ntawm cov txheej
Cov khoom tso cai rau koj rov tsim ntau qhov chaw. Yog li, piv txwv li, ib los yog lwm hom hniav plaster yog siv rau antique phab ntsa kho kom zoo nkauj, imitation ntawm onyx, marble, granite, ntoo, ntaub, ntuj limestone, tsiaj tawv nqaij. Siv cov khoom siv, koj tuaj yeem tsim thawj cov duab kos duab bas-reliefs. Lub undoubted kom zoo dua ntawm txheej yog ib tug loj xaiv ntawm txawv ntxoov, muaj peev xwm xaiv yuav luag txhua tus qauv. Txhua hom plaster rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj tiav yog resistant rau txhua yam kev nyuaj siab. Qhov chaw kho tom qab tsis tas yuav muaj kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb, tsis yogploj, yooj yim los ntxuav, hluav taws kub. Ua ntej thov lub plaster, lub hauv paus tsis xav tau kev npaj tshwj xeeb. Cov kab nrib pleb me me thiab qhov tsis sib xws tsis tuaj yeem kho, txij li cov khoom tuaj yeem nkaum lawv. Raws li kev xyaum qhia, cov hniav txheej tsis nqus cov ntxhiab tsw. Qee cov tebchaw kuj muaj cov khoom tiv thaiv, tiv thaiv condensation, corrosion thiab pwm.
Zoo plaster: hom kev ntxhib los mos, duab
Hnub no, cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj qee qhov me me (feem feem) ntawm cov nplej zom tau tsim. Kev ntxhib los mos ntawm plaster yog ib qho kev zoo nkauj tshwj xeeb uas tsis cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntev, lub zog thiab lwm yam kev ua tau zoo. Ob pawg tseem ceeb tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv:
- Tsab neeg (tiam qub). Qhov tob ntawm lawv qhov kev ntxhib los mos yog mus txog 5 mm. Txheej tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog ob qho tib si thiab niaj hnub sib xyaw.
- New. Hauv qhov no, niaj hnub kho kom zoo nkauj plaster yog siv.
Hom kev ntxhib los mos uas tuaj yeem ua nrog cov ntaub ntawv tshiab yog raws li hauv qab no:
- "Mosaic".
- "Pebble".
- "Bark beetle".
Cia peb xav txog txhua yam sib cais.
Kev xaiv ntau tshaj
Npaj kab ntsaum yog qhov nrov tshaj plaws niaj hnub no. Lub txheej tuaj yeem ua tau ntau yam. Hom kev thov cov hniav plaster:
- Nkauj.
- ncig.
- kab rov tav.
- Vertical.
Koj tuaj yeem ua npau suav thiab ua tiav ntawm koj tus kheej lub siab nyiam. Facade plaster ntawm ib hom niaj hnub rau kev pleev xim tuaj yeem hais txog los ntawm kev qhia ntxiv ntawm ob peb xim, glazing thiab lwm yam txuj ci. Qhov no yuav ua kom zoo dua qhov pom ntawm txheej. Muab qhov kev ntxhib los mos "bark beetle" yog nqa tawm los ntawm grouting nrog ib tug yas ntab ib txheej tuab li cov nplej ntawm muab tub lim. Nyob ntawm qhov kev taw qhia ntawm kev txav ntawm lub cuab yeej, pebbles tam sim no nyob rau hauv qhov sib tov pib khawb lub txheej. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, daim ntawv xa nyiaj raug tsim.
"Pebble" txheej
Qhov plaster no suav hais tias yog universal. Nrog nws cov kev pab, ntau yam qauv tsim, carved multi-xim "sgraffito" kos duab, bas-reliefs ntawm qhov tob tob. Cov khoom siv kuj yog siv los tsim cov tsoos textures "fur coat", "peas" thiab lwm yam. "pebble" txheej nws tus kheej yog ib tug nto npog nrog ntom crumbs, qhov loj ntawm uas yog 1-3 hli. Daim ntawv thov tuaj yeem nqa nrog lub trowel thiab spatula, textured rollers, txhuam thiab lwm yam cuab yeej uas tuaj yeem smeared, scratched, thiab tsim intricate prints.
"Mosaic" cover
Qhov kev ntxhib los mos no yog qhov txawv ntawm lwm tus. Nws yog ua nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev, nyob rau hauv uas ib tug pob tshab thiab txawm nto yog tsim. Cov txheej txheem muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj granules ntawm pob zeb (natural) chips ntawm txawv (los yog ib qho) pob zeb ntawm cov zaub mov muaj zog. Raws li ntau tus kws tshaj lij thiab cov neeg yuav khoom, xws liplaster yog suav hais tias yog qhov zoo nkauj tshaj plaws. Cov txheej yog siv rau hauv ib txheej thiab rubbed nrog ib lub cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Lub binder yog pob tshab kiag li. Pob zeb chips pom los ntawm txhua sab hauv nws. Xws li ib txheej yog tsis varnished, tsis pleev xim rau. Tom ntej no, xav txog cov hom tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv cov hniav plaster.
Txoj kev tshuaj tsuag
Qhov no yog txoj hauv kev yooj yim tshaj plaws los tsim kev nyem ntawm qhov chaw. Tom qab thawj txheej tau qhuav, txheej thib ob yog siv. Txhawm rau kom tau txais lub ntsej muag nyem, koj tuaj yeem siv ntau yam khoom siv, piv txwv li, tus pas txhuam hniav. Nws yuav tsum tau noj nyob rau hauv ib tes, nyob rau hauv lwm yam - ib tug stick. Cov broom yog dipped rau hauv cov tshuaj. Tom qab ntawd lawv muab khi rau ntawm tus pas kom cov tshuaj tsuag tsoo rau ntawm phab ntsa. Flakes yuav tsim rau ntawm qhov chaw, qhov loj ntawm qhov yuav nyob ntawm qhov ntom ntawm qhov sib tov thiab tus broom nws tus kheej. Qhov saum npoo tuaj yeem pleev xim ua ntej. Piv txwv li, nws tuaj yeem yog ntsuab, thiab cov tshuaj tsuag tuaj yeem yog xim dawb. Kwv yees li tib yam yog nqa tawm "Italian" kho kom zoo nkauj. Tab sis ntawm no, tom qab txheej txheej yog thov, tsis tas tos kom qhuav, qhov thib ob yog tam sim ntawd thov. Yog tias yav dhau los yog, piv txwv li, xiav, ces tus tom ntej tuaj yeem yog dawb. Cov txheej thib ob yuav tsum npog feem ntau ntawm thawj. Thaum lub txheej tsis tawv, nws yog smoothed.
tsim kev pab nrog trowel
Tau tsim qhov chaw qub, koj tuaj yeem siv tsis yog cov cuab yeej ib txwm muaj. Tom qab siv txheej txheej, me ntsis daws yuav tsum muab tso rau ntawm lub trowel. Ntxiv nrog rau lub teeb txavplaster yog siv rau lub hauv paus. Qhov no tsim ib hom qauv.
"Multilayer" txheej
Txoj kev ntxhib los mos ntawm kev siv plaster tso cai rau koj los tsim cov txheej txheem qub. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov khoom yog nteg nyob rau hauv ob peb txheej. Tom qab leveling thiab ziab, cov txheej yog pleev xim rau.
Hatching-bouffant
Txoj kev no yog siv los tsim ib qho chaw nyem ntawm cov plaster tshiab. Txheej nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog kho nrog ib tug hlau txhuam. Tom qab ntawd qhov saum npoo yuav tsum tau qhuav thaum nruab hnub. Tom qab ntawd, siv cov ntaub qhwv, spatula lossis daim txhuam cev, tshem tawm cov ntsiab lus plaster uas tsis ua raws li lub hauv paus zoo.
Roll stamping
Qhov no yog lwm txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv cov hniav plaster. Siv cov menyuam tshwj xeeb nrog cov qauv, cov duab nyem tau txais ntawm qhov chaw. Yog tias tsis muaj cov cuab yeej zoo li no, koj tuaj yeem siv qhov qub. Ntawm cov menyuam yaus yooj yim, ib qho qauv raug txiav tawm lossis tsuas yog qhwv nrog hlua. Nyob rau hauv qhov kawg, tom qab xws li stamping, ib tug nto nrog ib tug qauv zoo li cov nyom stems yuav tau.
Sgraffito
txheej txheem txheej txheej no yog qhov nyuaj dua li cov lus piav qhia saum toj no. Txawm li cas los xij, koj tuaj yeem ua koj tus kheej. Txhawm rau tsim cov txheej txheej zoo nkauj, txheej ntawm plaster ntawm cov xim sib txawv yog siv. Gamma raug xaiv raws li tus kheej nyiam. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov saum npoo yuav tsum nyob rau hauv kev sib haum xeeb nrog ib puag ncig sab hauv. Txhawm rau tsim cov duab kos, hauv txheej saum toj kawg nkaustxiav tawm qee ntu ntawm stencil. Tej daim ntawm plaster yog tshem tawm nrog kev pab los ntawm cutters los yog scrapers. Yog tias koj tshem tawm ntau cov khoom los ntawm cov txheej saum toj kawg nkaus, ces cov txheej txheej ntxiv ntawm cov keeb kwm yav dhau los zoo li appliqué. Yog tias koj tshem tawm me me, ces daim duab yuav tig tawm mus rau tinted. Cov txheej no tuaj yeem siv rau tag nrho cov phab ntsa. Tsis tas li, siv cov txheej txheem no, koj tuaj yeem tsim cov vaj huam sib luag qub.
In xaus
Muaj ntau ntau hom kev kho kom zoo nkauj plaster, nrog rau txoj kev siv nws. Cov ntaub ntawv piav qhia qhov nrov tshaj plaws ntawm lawv. Feem ntau, kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua tiav qhov chaw, ob qho tib si sab nraud thiab sab hauv, tuaj yeem ua tiav ntawm nws tus kheej. Txawm li cas los xij, qee cov ntaub ntawv xav tau qee yam kev paub thiab cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Cov khoom sib xyaw uas muaj cov granules loj tau pom zoo siv thaum ua tiav qhov chaw los ntawm sab nraud. Fine-grained plasters yog siv thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov phab ntsa hauv tsev. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov nto tsis yog li ntxhib.
