Controllers for industrial automation: classification and architecture

Cov txheej txheem:

Controllers for industrial automation: classification and architecture
Controllers for industrial automation: classification and architecture

Video: Controllers for industrial automation: classification and architecture

Video: Controllers for industrial automation: classification and architecture
Video: Industrial Automation - Components for Automation & Process Control [2020.10.23] 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov tshuab uas txhawb nqa cov haujlwm tsim khoom, ntau qhov kev ua haujlwm nuances raug coj mus rau hauv tus account. Txhua txoj kev yog tus kheej, tab sis cov ntsiab lus ntawm nws qhov kev siv yog raws li cov txheej txheem ntawm cov kev cai. Lub kaw lus yuav tsum muaj txiaj ntsig, txhim khu kev qha, ua haujlwm thiab tib lub sijhawm ergonomic. Kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv ncaj qha ntawm kev txhawb nqa kev tsim khoom thiab kev tswj xyuas cov haujlwm yog siv los ntawm cov tswj hwm rau cov txheej txheem automation. Lawv tsom ntsoov cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm ntau qhov chaw thev naus laus zis, uas yog lub hauv paus rau kev txiav txim siab qee yam.

controllers rau automation
controllers rau automation

Kev faib cov tswj hwm los ntawm daim ntawv thov

Xyaum txhua lub lag luam niaj hnub siv cov tshuab rau qee qhov kom ua haujlwm ua haujlwm. Ntxiv mus, qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev pabcuam kev ua haujlwm tuaj yeem sib txawv kiag li. Yog li, nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm kev lag luam tshuaj, cov khoom siv programmable tswj kev siv tshuaj, muab cov khoom ntim thiab cov ntaub ntawv ua kua los ntawm cov tswj, saib xyuas cov khoom ntawm ntau yam khoom siv sensors, thiab lwm yam. Hauv kev pabcuam sector ntawm cov koom haum thauj khoom, qhov tseem ceebyog ua los ntawm kev tswj cov khoom siv fais fab, raws li txoj cai, thauj khoom thiab tshem tawm. Universal controllers rau automation ntawm qhov cua, cua sov thiab dej muab systems kuj dav. Qhov no yog ib pawg ntawm cov txheej txheem uas tswj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov lag luam hauv ntau qhov chaw. Hloov chaw, muaj cov chaw tshwj xeeb uas tsim nyog los tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm tus kheej rau cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb. Cov chaw no suav nrog kev lag luam roj thiab cov nroj tsuag metallurgical.

Cov tswj ua haujlwm li cas

industrial automation controllers
industrial automation controllers

Industrial maub los yog microprocessor, uas muab kho vajtse thiab software. Thawj qhov, qhov tseeb, ua haujlwm rau lub cev ntawm lub cev, raws li kev ua haujlwm nested ua haujlwm. Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm txhua qhov kev teeb tsa ntawm hom no yog kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm. Ntawd yog, lub hauv paus software yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev txiav txim siab qee yam, tab sis yav tom ntej, cov cim tau txais raug xa mus rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus txib muab ncaj qha rau cov khoom siv ua haujlwm. Yog li, automation controllers tswj cov cav tov, conveyor kab, technical power chaw, thiab lwm yam.

Lwm yam tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj hwm tag nrho yog cov ntsuas ntsuas thiab ntsuas, raws li cov ntsuas ntsuas uas tus tswj hwm tsim cov kev txiav txim siab lossis cov phiaj xwm chains uas txiav txim siab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv. Cov no tuaj yeem yog cov sensors uas ntsuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov kev pabcuamCov ntaub ntawv, microclimate tsis nyob hauv chav tsim khoom thiab lwm yam ntxwv.

Architectures ntawm automation controllers

controllers rau automation systems
controllers rau automation systems

Nyob rau hauv architecture ntawm tus maub los yog to taub ib txheej ntawm cov khoom, vim hais tias cov kev ua ntawm kev tswj automation yog siv. Raws li txoj cai, kev teeb tsa vaj tsev xav tias muaj cov processor, network interfaces, cia khoom thiab I / O systems hauv qhov nyuaj. Qhov no yog ib pob yooj yim, tab sis nyob ntawm qhov xav tau ntawm ib qhov project tshwj xeeb, qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus kheej yuav txawv. Complex controllers rau automation hu ua modular. Yog hais tias cov qauv yooj yim architecture yog ib qho kev sib koom ua ke nrog ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv uas tsis muaj rau kev hloov pauv los ntawm tus neeg teb xov tooj, tom qab ntawd hauv cov qauv kev tsim vaj tsev complex multicomponent modular configuration yog siv. Nws tso cai tsis tau tsuas yog kev saib xyuas ntawm ib lub tsev kaw nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj yog txhua qhov module cais. Tam sim no nws tsim nyog xav txog tus kheej qhov chaw ntawm kev tsim kho kom ntxaws.

Ntau yam ntawm architecture modules

controllers rau industrial automation
controllers rau industrial automation

Cov khoom siv yooj yim modular yog sawv cev los ntawm microprocessor. Nws nyob ntawm nws lub hwj chim yuav ua li cas complex cov dej num daws tau los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb maub los yuav ua tau. Cov cuab yeej khaws cia kuj tseem ceeb. Nws tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv qhov system yam tsis muaj kev hloov kho ntxiv. Tab sis feem ntau yog siv lwm flash memory modules, uas tuaj yeem hloov pauv hauvnyob ntawm cov haujlwm tam sim no. I / O cov khoom siv feem ntau yog lub luag haujlwm rau cov kev ua haujlwm uas cov tswj kev lag luam automation coj. Los ntawm cov channel no, processor tau txais cov ntaub ntawv rau kev ua haujlwm thiab ntxiv cov teeb meem rau cov lus txib tsim nyog. Hauv cov complexes niaj hnub no, interface modules ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb zuj zus, uas muaj peev xwm sib txuas lus ntawm tus maub los nyob ntawm.

yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm tus processor module

Thaum txhim kho kev tswj hwm, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb thiab lub peev xwm ntawm microprocessor. Raws li rau lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv no, lawv suav nrog moos zaus, qhov tob me ntsis, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, nco, thiab lwm yam. Tab sis txawm tias cov yam ntxwv no tsis tas yuav txiav txim siab, txij li qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm niaj hnub txawm tias pob nyiaj siv microprocessors txaus rau kev pabcuam feem ntau. cov txheej txheem ntau lawm. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws los txiav txim siab txog kev sib txuas lus muaj peev xwm thiab kev ua haujlwm uas cov tswj hwm ua tau zoo rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev lag luam. Tshwj xeeb, raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, cov neeg ua haujlwm muab lub peev xwm los ua haujlwm nrog ntau yam kev sib txuas hauv network, interfaces thiab programming lus hauv thawj qhov chaw. Cais, nws tsim nyog sau cia lub peev xwm los txuas cov khoom siv, kev tswj hwm, cov lus qhia niaj hnub thiab lwm yam khoom siv.

Pab pawg tswj hwm

Txawm hais tias tus yam ntxwv ntawm kev txhaws ntawm tus maub los, txhawm rau tswj nws txoj haujlwm, yuav tsum muab lub chaw nres tsheb tus neeg teb xov tooj uas tsim nyog. Outwardly, cov khoom siv zoo li me melub khoos phis tawj muab nrog cov khoom siv nkag thiab tso tawm, cov txheej txheem sensors thiab cov zaub. Cov maub los yooj yim tshaj plaws rau kev lag luam automation muab rau qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm los ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag no. Ntxiv mus, programming tuaj yeem txhais tau tias qhov chaw pib rau cov lus txib nkag. Cov neeg ua haujlwm sophisticated tshaj plaws kuj ua tus kheej kuaj thiab ntsuas tus kheej.

controllers rau chav boiler automation
controllers rau chav boiler automation

Automation fais fab mov

Qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov voltages muab cov tswj kev lag luam yog nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 12-48 V. Qhov chaw feem ntau yog ib lub zos 220V network. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis yog ib txwm nyob ze rau cov khoom siv tau txais kev pabcuam. Piv txwv li, yog tias cov tswj tau siv los ua kom lub tsev boiler nyob rau hauv ntau theem ntawm metallurgical ntau lawm, ces ib tug faib hluav taws xob network yuav equidistant los ntawm ob peb lub zog siv. Ntawd yog, ib lub voj voog yuav ua haujlwm rau lub boiler rau cov hlau mos, thiab lwm yam rau cov tawv tawv. Tib lub sijhawm, qhov hluav taws xob hauv kab kuj tuaj yeem hloov pauv.

Zaj lus

controllers rau automation ntawm qhov cua tshuab
controllers rau automation ntawm qhov cua tshuab

Workflow automation systems tau dhau los ua ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm cov lag luam niaj hnub no. Raws li, controllers rau automation systems nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev hloov kho kuj tau lug siv. Nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej, kev saib xyuas ntawm xws li ib tug ntaus ntawv tsis yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb cov nqi. Cov teeb meem tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm nrog cov cuab yeej no cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm zoothiab optimization ntawm configuration layout. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, txhawm rau ua kom yooj yim rau tus neeg teb xov tooj ua haujlwm, cov qauv uas xav tias nws tus kheej teeb tsa raws li cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb nkag los ntawm tus neeg siv tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam.

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