Lub tsev yog dab tsi? Cov khoom siv tsim kho

Cov txheej txheem:

Lub tsev yog dab tsi? Cov khoom siv tsim kho
Lub tsev yog dab tsi? Cov khoom siv tsim kho

Video: Lub tsev yog dab tsi? Cov khoom siv tsim kho

Video: Lub tsev yog dab tsi? Cov khoom siv tsim kho
Video: 5 Yam: Txhob pub muaj nyob hauv Tsev (Tsis Zoo) 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Txhua lub tsev qhia txog tus kheej saj ntawm tus tswv. Muaj cov neeg nyiam ntawm cov phab ntsa cib, ib tus neeg npau suav ntawm ib lub zos tsib-phab ntsa, rau qee tus, kev tsim kho ntawm lub fortress pob zeb tiag tiag ua lub ntsiab lus ntawm lawv lub neej tag nrho. Kev xaiv cov ntaub ntawv, uas yog, lub tsev yog tsim los ntawm dab tsi, yuav txiav txim siab tag nrho cov chav kawm ntawm kev tsim kho.

pob zeb tsev

lub tsev yog dab tsi
lub tsev yog dab tsi

Lub tsev pob zeb muaj ntau yam khoom siv hauv tsev. Lub tswv yim ntawm "lub tsev pob zeb" suav nrog cov tsev ua los ntawm cov pob zeb ntuj, xws li lub plhaub pob zeb, tuff; ceramic thiab silicate cib; gas silicate nthuav av nplaum pob zeb thiab ua npuas ncauj qhob blocks, dag cib lossis pob zeb. Kev xaiv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no yog nyob ntawm ntau xyoo ntawm kev paub hauv lawv cov kev siv thiab kev sim, uas paub meej txog kev tiv thaiv thiab lub zog ntawm lub tsev pob zeb. Tab sis cov tsev no kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo, vim tias nyob hauv lawv yuav tsum tau ua qee yam cua sov, lub hauv paus txhim khu kev qha rau kev tsim kho loj loj.

pob zeb cuav

Perforated bricks, nthuav av nplaum pob zeb thiab ntoo pob zeb zoo kawg nkaus txo qhov hnyav ntawm lub tsev. Kev siv cov pob zeb dag yog maj mam hloovkim thiab hnyav bricks. Cov khoom siv pheej yig tsis zoo yog siv dav hauv kev tsim kho ntawm cov tsev nyob qis qis. Ua tib zoo xaiv cov khoom siv hauv tsev yuav txo cov nqi khoom, xyuas kom muaj kev nplij siab thiab ua haujlwm ntev ntawm lub tsev. Kev ntseeg ntawm lub pob zeb tau raug sim rau ntau pua xyoo - nws yog peb cov poj koob yawm txwv uas tau siv nws los tsim cov tsev fuabtais.

cib yog cov khoom siv ntau yam

tsev cib
tsev cib

Cib yog thiab yuav yog cov khoom xav tau tshaj plaws. Rau kev tsim kho, silicate cib yog siv, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov txiv qaub-xuab zeb sib tov, thiab ceramics, ua los ntawm av nplaum los ntawm firing nws (nrog ntau yam additives). Silicate bricks yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo rau qhov txias thiab lub suab rwb thaiv tsev, tab sis tib lub sij hawm cov khoom ntshai ntawm ya raws thiab hluav taws. Nws tsis yog siv rau hauv lub hauv paus, qhov cub, thiab lwm yam. Sand-lime bricks yog ib qho khoom siv zoo heev rau cov phab ntsa, lintels, tab sis ib qho loj ntawm nws tsim teeb meem ntawm qeeb cua sov thiab cua txias, yog li yuav tsum muaj cua sov thiab qhov cua zoo hauv lub tsev.

Khoom nta

Rau qhov zoo tib yam ceramic bricks lub zog, tiv thaiv kom ya raws thiab hnav yog ib txwm. Nws yog tsim hollow thiab khoom, siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub hauv paus, phab ntsa, partitions, laj kab. Lub ntsej muag cib yog siv los kho cov phab ntsa thiab lwm qhov chaw. Tab sis xws li ib lub cib yuav tsum muaj cov kua nplaum zoo. Lub tsev cib muaj lub neej ua haujlwm ntev. Ceramic bricks tiv taus noo noo zoo, tab sis lawv lub tsev, zoo li tag nrho cov qauv hnyav,xav tau cov cua kub zoo, qhov cua thiab, tejzaum nws, ntxiv facade cladding, raws li cov khoom no feem ntau sib txawv xim.

Cov khoom siv tsim kho
Cov khoom siv tsim kho

Yog li, cov khoom siv no muaj ntau yam, ruaj khov, txhim khu kev qha. Thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, nws yooj yim ua haujlwm nrog.

Block house

Qhob kuj tseem siv los tsim cov khoom siv hauv tsev hauv daim ntawv ntawm phab ntsa panels, cinder blocks, foundation thiab cellular blocks. Cov tom kawg tau muab faib ua aerated qhob, roj silicate thiab ua npuas ncauj ua npuas ncauj, uas txawv nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab txoj kev tsim khoom. Cov tsev ua npuas ncauj yog nrov vim lawv cov nqi qis thiab pom tau yooj yim ntawm kev tsim kho. Cov no yog cov cib loj, zoo li yog cov khoom ntim hauv nrog ntau cov hlab hollow hla lawv. Qhov no yuav pab txo qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom thiab txhim kho cov thermal rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cib. Hauv cov pob zeb aerated, xws li pores yog qhov loj tib yam, thiab hauv cov pob zeb ua npuas lawv txawv.

tsev los ntawm ua npuas ncauj blocks
tsev los ntawm ua npuas ncauj blocks

Aerated qhob blocks muaj cov cuab yeej siv siab thiab lub cev, tsis txhob ntsws, tab sis muaj hygroscopic heev (tsis zoo li ua npuas ncauj). Qhob thaiv yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm cov tsev ntiav. Ntau cov fillers siv nyob rau hauv lub block casting txheej txheem hloov qhov ceev thiab hnyav ntawm cov khoom. Tshauv, gravel, xuab zeb yog siv los ua fillers. Qhov denser cov blocks, qhov siab dua qhov kev tiv thaiv suab nrov. Qhob phab ntsa blocks tsis raug rotting, zoo kawg nkaus khaws cov cua sov, tab sis lawv yuav tsum tau ntsia kom raug. Qee qhov chaw xav tau kev rwb thaiv tsev ntxiv. Yog li ib leegmasonry phab ntsa yuav xav tau daim ntawv thov ntawm ib tug waterproof txheej. Cov khoom pheej yig no rau kev tsim lub tsev yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm durability, zoo thermal rwb thaiv tsev zog thiab cov qauv kev ntseeg tau. Ntxiv nrog rau kev txuag nyiaj, cov blocks tso cai rau kev siv cov hollow tunnels hauv cov khoom rau tso cov xov hlau thiab cov kav dej. Cov ntaub ntawv hauv tsev tuaj yeem ua rau xav tsis thoob nrog lwm qhov tshiab - polystyrene pob zeb, uas muaj cov qauv zoo heev thiab thermal rwb thaiv tsev. Cov phab ntsa tsim los ntawm cov blocks no tsis tas yuav tsum muaj cov dej tsis muaj dej thiab cov rwb thaiv tsev, tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo nkauj ntawm façade. Lub zog, plasticity, tsis kam mus hlawv thiab ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg ntawm cov khoom ua rau nws indispensable nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho.

lub tsev yog dab tsi
lub tsev yog dab tsi

Teev tsev

Rau cov qauv ntoo, cov yam ntxwv nta yog qhov yooj yim ntawm kev tsim kho thiab kev noj qab haus huv tshwj xeeb microclimate, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv ntuj tsim. Thaum tsim tsev, lawv tsuas yog siv cov cav sib npaug thiab cov kab teeb ci, uas ua rau cov vaj tse loj, ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg ntiag tug. Tsim ib lub tsev los ntawm ib lub bar hnub no yog ib qho kev zoo siab heev. Cov khoom muaj cov khoom ntoo thiab cov kua nplaum, xav tau kev pab thaum lub sij hawm tso, tab sis nyob rau hauv rov qab muab lub sij hawm ntev tsis muaj teeb meem ua hauj lwm thiab zoo heev tshav kub-txuag zoo. Rau zus tau tej cov cav tov, ntoo nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 0.18 m rau 0.26 m yog loj heev siv, uas yog dhau los ntawm lub tshuab, tev tawm ntawm qhov chaw nruj me ntsis loj. Nrog txoj kev kho no, kev tiv thaivtxheej. Cov tsev ua hauv cov zos kim los ntawm dab tsi? Feem ntau, cov ntoo uas muaj nplaum thiab profiled, sib npaug, thav duab thiab vaj huam sib luag yog siv. Tab sis tiag tiag, tws huts, ua los ntawm cov kws ntoo los ntawm tes, nrhiav tsis tau. Ntawm no nws yog qhov tsim nyog los siv cov cav ntoo los ntawm ntoo thuv, spruce, larch thiab lwm yam ntau yam ntawm conifers, uas yog txiav los ntawm tes. Log cabins yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov thermal conductivity tsawg, uas tso cai rau koj kom muaj kev nyab xeeb nyob rau txhua lub sijhawm ntawm lub xyoo. Lub ntuj tsim nws tus kheej tswj dej nqus ntawm ntoo thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov resins muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv. Nyob rau hauv xws li ib lub tsev, kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv tsis tas yuav tsum tau. Cov ntoo ntoo yog qhov yooj yim rau rotting thiab hlawv yooj yim, tab sis cov khoom siv zoo txo qis cov teebmeem no.

cov tsev ntoo
cov tsev ntoo

Framehouses

Sandwich panels, vaj huam sib luag-shield los yog txhawb prefabricated thav duab, uas muaj cov ntxhia rwb thaiv tsev los yog iav ntaub plaub thiab sheathed nrog ntau yam ntaub ntawv, yog niaj hnub no heev nrov siv txoj kev. Lub tsev yog tsim los ntawm Finnish, American, Canadian technology, uas txawv nyob rau hauv cov hom ntawm cov thav duab thiab cov txheej txheem los ua ke. Ntoo thiab hlau cov ntaub ntawv rau kev tsim lub tsev thav duab yog pheej yig, lawv sai sai tig mus rau hauv vaj tse tiav, nyob rau hauv ob mus rau peb lub hlis xwb. Cov tsev teeb pom kev zoo no tsis tas yuav muaj lub hauv paus loj heev; yooj yim columnar, daim kab xev los yog cov pob zeb muaj zog feem ntau yog siv rau kev tsim kho. Tab sis thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas kev ua haujlwm txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev ya raws,rwb thaiv tsev thiab vapor barrier. Hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj huab cua qhuav, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov vaj huam sib luag ntoo; nyob rau hauv cov huab cua ntub, hlau panels thiab hlau profiles yog qhov zoo dua. Cov txheej txheem thav duab yog cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim lub tsev vim tias qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov av ntawm qhov chaw tsis ua lub luag haujlwm loj rau lawv, thiab qhov ua tau ntawm lawv cov qauv tsim sab nrauv nrog siding yuav pab tsim txhua qhov tsim facade. Tus nqi ntawm kev tsim cov qauv no tsawg dua li kev tsim cov pob zeb lossis pob zeb ua tsev.

cov khoom siv rau kev tsim kho lub tsev thav duab
cov khoom siv rau kev tsim kho lub tsev thav duab

Qhov twg yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tsim koj lub tsev?

Tam sim no lawv tab tom tsim ob txoj hauv kev. Kev siv cov txheej txheem hu ua ntub dej muaj kev sib koom ua ke nrog cov mortar tshwj xeeb - qhov no yog cib los yog thaiv masonry, monolithic pouring. Txoj kev qhuav assembles prefabricated qauv los ntawm ntau yam duab thiab qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm cov ntsiab lus. Qhov tshwm sim yog vaj tsev haum rau ntau yam kev nyab xeeb. Cov tsev hnyav xav tau qhov chaw ntau dua, tab sis cov tsev thav duab tsuas yog xav tau qhov chaw rau kev tsim kho yav tom ntej thiab ib cheeb tsam me me rau cov khoom siv ntim khoom ntim.

pheej yig khoom siv
pheej yig khoom siv

Lub tsev hnyav tuaj yeem ua tau raws li txhua qhov haujlwm. Xws li nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg lub hauv paus, rau cov uas xam cov ntaub ntawv rau lub tsev yuav ua tau nyob rau hauv tej lub koom haum tsim. Lub teeb vaj tsev yog tsim los ua raws li cov phiaj xwm npaj ua ntej ntawm cov txheej txheem prefabricated, uas tau yuav ib txhij nrog cov khoom siv. Tab sis tus kheej qhov projectua tau hauv qhov no. Muaj tseeb tiag, ces tus nqi ntawm kev tsim lub tsev yuav nce ntxiv. Yuav ua li cas txiav txim siab los ntawm tag nrho cov saum toj no? Tsuas yog thaum koj tau txiav txim siab seb koj puas yuav muaj lub tsev hnyav lossis lub teeb ci prefabricated ntawm qhov chaw, koj tuaj yeem xaiv cov ntaub ntawv raug. Yuav vam khom dab tsi thaum xaiv lub tsev tsim los ntawm ib rooj plaub lossis lwm qhov, peb yuav qhia ntxiv.

Yam khoom twg zoo tshaj rau kev tsim koj lub tsev?

Xaiv cov khoom siv los tsim koj tus kheej lub tsev, koj yuav tsum xav txog:

- Kev nyab xeeb thiab av tej yam kev mob.

- Tsim thiab daws qhov project hauv tsev.

- Muaj lossis tsis muaj nqi pheej yig lossis cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb hauv zos.

- Cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab lub cev ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev, lawv cov nqi.

nyuaj xaiv

Kev lig kev cai, nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam nrog lub caij ntuj no txias, lawv tsim los ntawm cov khoom ntoo, ceramic cib, roj silicate, nthuav av nplaum pob zeb. Ntau lub hnub kub hnub kub yuav tsum tau masonry, nrog rau cov khoom siv dag zog - cellular pob zeb blocks, plhaub pob zeb, tuff, ntoo, txhua yam ntaub ntawv uas tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias. Kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev grandiose siv qhov chaw siv cib, monolithic qhob casting, ntuj pob zeb, thiab lwm yam. Kev xaiv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj feem xyuam rau cov qauv ntawm thaj chaw uas yuav siv qhov chaw. Koj yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account koj tus kheej lub peev xwm nyiaj txiag, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Qhov project tsim kuj muaj qee yamcov ntaub ntawv. Yog tias qhov kev thov zaum kawg haum rau cov neeg siv khoom, ces nws tsuas yog txaus los yuav lawv. Kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom, tau kawg, yog txuam nrog ntau yam, tab sis koj yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau qhov tseeb hais tias lub tsev yog tsim rau lub neej, thiab yog li ntawd mus rau qhov teeb meem lub luag hauj lwm.

Siv qhov xaus

Yog tias koj txiav txim siab ua tsev, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo xav txog txhua yam me me. Durability, kev cia siab ntawm lub tsev, kev nplij siab thiab coziness nyob rau hauv nws nyob ntawm seb cov kev xaiv ntawm lub tsev cov ntaub ntawv. Xav txog qhov kev nyab xeeb uas koj nyob, cov khoom siv, kev nyiam ntawm tus kheej. Ntawm no, kab tias, luv luv thiab tag nrho. Tam sim no koj paub tias lub tsev tsim los ntawm dab tsi.

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