Txhua xyoo muaj kev nce qib ntawm cov txheej txheem xws li tso cov cinder thaiv. Cov khoom siv yog nyob rau hauv qeb ntawm pob nyiaj siv, tab sis tib lub sij hawm nws muaj cov cuab yeej tsim nyog, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsim tau ob qho tib si pab pawg thiab cov tsev nyob. Tsis tas yuav ntiav ib pab neeg ua haujlwm, vim cov txheej txheem kev teeb tsa yooj yim heev, yog li koj tuaj yeem txuag tsev neeg cov peev nyiaj thiab sim koj txhais tes ntawm kev tsim kho.
Kev piav qhia
Lub npe ntawm cov khoom tau muab los ntawm yav dhau los siv hauv paus rau kev tsim khoom - tshauv, slag thiab lwm yam khoom ntawm combustion. Tab sis niaj hnub no, cov khoom siv xws li sawdust, tawg cib, nthuav av nplaum, crushed pob zeb nrog ib feem zoo yog siv, vim lub fact tias slag-raws li blocks muaj tsis txaus lub zog thiab ib tug tseem ceeb degree ntawm dej nqus. Nws kuj yog feem ntau xyaum ua ib lub tsev los ntawm ib tug cinder block, uas yog uantawm koj tus kheej ntawm koj tus kheej. Tab sis nws txoj kev siv yog qhov tsim nyog ntau dua rau kev tsim cov khoom tsim tawm vim qhov tseeb tias cov khoom siv rau cov tsev nyob tau tsim cov cai tswj kev nyab xeeb, uas cov cinder thaiv tsis ua raws li.
Production
Slag thiab cement yog siv los tsim cov khoom, ua raws li nias thiab ziab. Lawv tau txais kev faib thoob plaws qhov tseeb vim muaj cov cuab yeej siv thiab cov khoom siv nyiaj txiag, thaum kawg tau txais ib qho cinder block, tus nqi ntawm ib daim uas dhau los ua tsawg heev.
Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom muaj peb theem - sib xyaw cov khoom xyaw, sau rau hauv cov ntawv npaj ua ntej thiab kho. Raws li tau sau tseg saum toj no, lub hauv paus yog combustion pov tseg, dej thiab ib qho khoom sib txuas. Txhawm rau ua kom muaj kev ua tau zoo, pob zeb crushed, nthuav av nplaum, gravel ntxiv, lawv tuaj yeem hloov tau tag nrho slag.
A cinder thaiv, tus nqi pib ntawm 40 rubles ib thooj, yuav tsum muaj qhov ntev, txawm tias muaj ntau yam ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntxiv los ntawm cov khoom siv siv.
Kev faib tawm
Cov khoom raug muab faib ua ntau hom nyob ntawm seb muaj lossis tsis muaj qhov khoob. Monolithic yog cov blocks ntawm cov khoom siv uas tsis muaj qhov khoob hauv qhov chaw. Lawv txawv los ntawm cov qib siab ntawm lub zog, tab sis tib lub sij hawm tsis txaus thermal rwb thaiv tsev cov khoom thiab hnyav hnyav. Qhov nrov tshaj plaws yog cov khoom lag luam uas muaj qhov tsis muaj qhov ntsuas tsis pub dhau 30%. Lawv muaj lub zog nruab nrabthiab kev ua haujlwm thermal.
Nrog qhov nce hauv qhov tsis muaj zog txog li 40%, qhov nce hauv lub peev xwm kub tau sau tseg nrog kev txo qis hauv lub zog, piv nrog rau lwm hom.
Cinder thaiv masonry: qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo
Tus nqi me me yog qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Nws tseem tsim nyog sau cia qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev ywj pheej ntau lawm thiab kev teeb tsa thev naus laus zis, uas txhua tus tuaj yeem ua tau. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ntau yam tsis zoo. Blocks tsis zam qhov cuam tshuam ntawm ib puag ncig - kub hloov pauv thiab nag lossis daus, tsis muaj zog thiab qib suab rwb thaiv tsev, tsis txaus tiv thaiv te.
Raws li tau sau tseg saum toj no, cov khoom siv no tsis yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim lub tsev nyob vim muaj cov khoom tsis zoo. Ua ntej tso lub cinder thaiv nrog koj tus kheej tes, koj yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab ntawm hom khoom, nyob ntawm seb tus yam ntxwv xav tau.
Yuav ua li cas rau
Ntau tus neeg xav tsis thoob los ntawm cov lus nug ntawm phab ntsa tuab. Nws yog feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm huab cua ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm lub tsev yav tom ntej.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau npaj cov cuab yeej ua ntej, ntawm cov uas yuav tsum muaj cov cuab yeej siv rau kev sib tov tshuaj khib, ib lub voj voog, lub rauj, cov kav dej thiab qib. Cov ntaub ntawv tseem yuav xav tau ib lub mesh rau kev txhawb nqa lossis hlau rods, xuab zeb thiab cement.
Lub cinder thaiv nteg yog zoo ib yam li lub installation ntawm ib txwmcib thiab feem ntau ua nyob rau hauv 2, 1, 5 thiab 1 block. Thaum xaiv cov txheej txheem, nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias lub tsev ua kom sov nrog qhov nce ntawm cov phab ntsa tuab, vim qhov no ua rau cov yam ntxwv thermal rwb thaiv tsev. Tab sis tib lub sij hawm, lub hauv paus muaj kev thauj khoom ntau dua thiab cov nuj nqis ntxiv tshwm sim. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws phab ntsa thickness rau ib lub tsev nrog ib pem teb yog 1 block.
Foundation
Tsim kom muaj lub hauv paus zoo yog thawj kauj ruam hauv kev tsim cov masonry txhim khu kev qha. Raws li nrog rau lwm yam kev tsim kho, nws txoj kev xaiv nyob ntawm qhov tob ntawm cov dej hauv av thiab cov hom av ntawm qhov chaw xaiv. Reinforced qhob monolithic puag yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau heaving complex av.
A cinder block strip foundation yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov av ruaj khov uas cov dej hauv av tsawg. Nws yog qhov txawv los ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev npaj tus kheej, yam tsis muaj kev siv cov cuab yeej kim thiab kev xauj khoom tshwj xeeb. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov dav ntawm cov phab ntsa yav tom ntej yuav tsum yog me ntsis tsawg dua qhov dav ntawm lub hauv paus. Cov xuab zeb, cement thiab crushed pob zeb kuj siv tau rau pouring.
Kev tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm cov dej noo yog ua tiav los ntawm kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem dej tsis sib haum rau ntawm lub hauv paus pob zeb tom qab kev ua tiav tiav, cov khoom siv vov tsev tuaj yeem ua raws li nws.
Kev daws teeb meem
Koj tuaj yeem ua ib lub mortar rau nteg ib lub cinder thaiv koj tus kheej los yog yuav cov khoom npaj ua hauv lub khw tshwj xeeb. Nyob rau hauv saib ntawm lub siabtus nqi ntawm qhuav formulations, ntau nyiam qhov kev xaiv thawj. Lub hauv paus ntawm masonry loj yog xuab zeb thiab cement. Los ntawm kev ntxiv plasticizing tebchaw, nws muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv rau Frost thiab plasticity. Cov tshuaj tiav, thaum npaj kom zoo, yuav tsum muaj cov qauv khov thiab me me ntawm kev sib kis thaum ua haujlwm.
Kev nce qib ntawm kev ua haujlwm
Ua-nws-koj tus kheej cinder thaiv nteg, zoo li lwm yam khoom siv hauv tsev, pib ntawm cov ces kaum. Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yog xav tau ntawm no, txij li kev ntseeg tau ntawm cov qauv phab ntsa ncaj qha nyob ntawm qhov chaw muaj peev xwm ntawm txhua qhov chaw. Ua ntej, me ntsis loj yog muab tso rau ntawm lawv, uas yog leveled nrog ib tug trowel. Tom ntej no, ob lub thaiv yog mounted nyob rau hauv ua raws li lub kaum sab xis, ces ib tug, thaum koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov txog kev hnav khaub ncaws seams.
Zoo ua piv txwv tshwm sim nrog lwm lub kaum sab xis. Tsis txhob hnov qab txhawm rau txheeb xyuas theem ntsug thiab kab rov tav nrog cov kav dej thiab cov cuab yeej ntsuas tshwj xeeb.
Thaum xaiv ib qho kev nthuav dav los ntawm kev tsim tag nrho, nws raug kho los ntawm lub teeb tapping nrog lub trowel. Raws li cov lus qhia rau kev teeb tsa ntawm cov kab tseem ceeb, muaj ib txoj hlua khi ntawm cov ntsia hlau uas tau tsav mus rau hauv lub seam ntawm lub hauv paus thiab sab sauv. Tom qab ua tiav ntawm thawj kab, qhov txuas ntxiv ntawm cinder block pib ua raws li cov xwm txheej dhau los.
Cov pob qij txha yuav tsum me npaum li qhov ua tau, vim tias chav tsev poob cua sov los ntawm lawv. Qhov pom qhov loj me ntawm cov seams yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 15 cm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, muaj kev nyiam rautxo lub zog nrog qhov dav tsawg dua 10 cm.
Masonry qhov cuab lub zog txhim kho nws txoj kev ntseeg tau thiab ua kom muaj kev sib faib ntawm cov khoom thauj thoob plaws hauv cov qauv. Rau kev ntxiv dag zog, ib qho kev txhawb nqa mesh lossis steel rods yog siv. Cov txheej txheem no tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau thawj kab.
