Raspberry ntoo - qauv qauv ntawm raspberries zoo tib yam. Nws tau txais nws lub npe vim nws zoo ib yam li tsob ntoo tau txais thaum lub sij hawm pruning. Dab tsi yog hom tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv raspberries thiab hom qoob loo twg koj tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm lawv?
History of tshwm sim
Txoj kev raspberries txi txiv ib xyoos ib zaug, nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov. Thaum lub sij hawm uas sau qoob rau xyoo tas los stems, cov tub ntxhais hluas loj hlob ib ncig. Lawv yuav sau xyoo tom ntej.
Remontant raspberry ntau yam tau ua nrov tsis ntev dhau los. Lawv dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo txhua lub caij ntuj sov thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg. Tab sis cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis ripen ntawm ib qia. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, lawv tsim rau xyoo tas los tua, thiab mus txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub caij ntuj sov - rau cov hluas uas tshwm nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
Yog tias xyoo tas los cov tua raug txiav los ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg lossis lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav, tag nrho cov qoob loo yuav tsim rau cov tub ntxhais hluas. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav pib ripe ua ntej me ntsis, yuav muaj ntau.
Ib qho tsis zoo ntawm hom no yog qhov tuab ntawm raspberry cog. Thaum nruab nrab ntawm lub caij ntuj sov, cov tub ntxhais hluas lashes loj hlob, xyoo tas los lashes intertwine nrog lawv, thiab tag nrho ua ke poob rau hauv av. Cov qauv raspberry ntau yam tsis muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg no. Cov stems muaj zog, lawv tuaj yeem tuav cov qoob loo thiab loj ntawm nplooj. Txawm hais tias khi rau ntawm trellis tsis ua mob rau lawv. Kev loj hlob hauv paus raug puas tsuaj sai tom qab nws zoo li.
Qhov tseeb, tsob ntoo raspberry yog ib tug sawv cev ntawm ib tiam tshiab ntawm cov nroj tsuag no. Yog li hu ua ntau hom intensive hom nrog ntev muaj zog stems.
Ib tug ntawm progenitors ntawm ntau ntau yam ntawm intensive hom yog Glen Ample (Scotland). 3.5 kg ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm ib tug Bush muab no liab raspberry ntoo. Gardeners ' tshuaj xyuas hais tias thaum lub sij hawm kev lag luam cog, kwv yees li 20 kg ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo raug sau ib hectare.
Cov hom tom ntej yog Glen Fine nrog rau lub sijhawm txuas ntxiv txiv hmab txiv ntoo, Glen Lyon ntxov. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm Magna ntau yam yog loj dua li ntawm Glen Ample. Tam sim no muaj ntau yam cog qoob loo ntawm tsob ntoo raspberry tau tsim, suav nrog cov remontant.
Cov xim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog qhov txawv ntawm tsob ntoo raspberry Kub. Kev tshuaj xyuas cov neeg siv khoom hais tias lawv qab thiab qab.
qauv ntau yam ntawm Lavxias xaiv
Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo dhau los ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, qauv ntau yam ntawm Lavxias teb sab xaiv tau tsim. Cov no yog Tarusa, Krepysh, Monika, Skazka. Ntau yam Tarusa thiab Krepysh zoo sib xws hauv cov ntaub ntawv sab nraud. Lawv txawv me ntsis ntawm cov nplooj thiab cov hauv paus hniav. Cov kws tshaj lij ntseeg tias nws tsis muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev loj hlob ob hom. Raspberry Tsob Ntoo Fortress tshuaj xyuas qhia cov neeg ua liaj ua teb loj hlob koom nrog hauv kev nthuav tawm thiab muag cov ntoo, thiab cov neeg cog qoob loo - Tarusa.
Lub stalk ntawm Tarusa txawv ntawm ntau lwm tus thaum tsis muaj pos. Xim av. tua qhov siab txog 2m. Cov nplooj yog loj, nrog rau cov leeg pom. Cov tub ntxhais hluas stems yog them nrog wax txheej. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog oblong, oval, liab nyob rau hauv cov xim, qhov hnyav ntawm ib tug mus txog 12 g. Lawv saj qab zib, kev sib tw, nrog ib tug qab ntxiag saj thiab aroma.
Raspberry muag feem ntau tshaj tawm txog kev sau txog li 15 kg ib Bush. Tab sis kev paub txog gardeners uas loj hlob ntau yam hais tias nws yog qhov tseeb kom sau txog li 4 kg ntawm berries los ntawm ib tug Bush nrog kev saib xyuas zoo. Ib qho yuam kev yuav tshwm sim thaum kwv yees tus naj npawb ntawm ripening berries. Yog tias koj muab qhov hnyav nruab nrab ntawm ib lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm kwv yees li ntawm zes qe menyuam, daim duab no yuav tsis raug. Qhov tseeb tiag, feem ntau yog ib tug tseem ceeb ntawm lawv tsis ripe, qhuav tawm nyob rau hauv qhov tsis muaj ya raws, los yog muaj ib tug hnyav ho tsawg tshaj li qhov nruab nrab.
Crimson ntoo Frost resistance
Ntau yam Tarusa thiab Krepysh tuaj yeem tiv taus huab cua mus txog 30 degrees. Tab sis thaum loj hlob, koj yuav tsum tsom mus rau 25 degrees hauv qab xoom. Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov daus npog thiab cov cua ntsawj ntshab tseem ceeb ntawm no.
Pruning txheem raspberries
Txhawm rau tsim raspberry ntawm hom no hauv daim ntawv ntawm tsob ntoo, koj yuav tsum tau txiav cov stems hauv ob theem. Thawj zaug lub saum ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas tua yog pinched nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij ntuj sov. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv yuav tsum loj hlob tsis pub tsawg tshaj 1 m 20 cm. Lawv pluck mus txog 10 cm, uas nres kev loj hlob thiab ua rau tsim cov literals lateral. Thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg, txog kaum ntawm lawv raug tsim. Qhov ntev ntawm txhua qhov yog los ntawm 40 mus rau 90 cm.
Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo tom ntej, cov qia qub raug txiav tawm, thiab sab tua raug luv kom lawv ntev li 40 cm.ripens mus txog 2 lub berries.
Txoj kev no ua rau kom cov qoob loo ntawm raspberries. Tab sis yog tias thawj pinching lig dhau lawm, cov ceg ntoo yuav tsis muaj sij hawm los siav thiab khov.
Kev tsim tawm ntawm cov qauv raspberries
tsob ntoo raspberry reproduces nyob rau hauv ob txoj kev:
- cag txiav;
- root loj hlob.
Qhov no qhia qhov txawv ntawm ntau yam. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab ntau yam ntawm tsob ntoo raspberry, kev tshuaj xyuas qhia koj kom ua tib zoo saib hauv paus. Tarusa feem ntau tsim ib tug me me ntawm cuttings. Nws cov cag yog nyias nyias. Rau Krepysh, nws yog ntau loj, nyob rau hauv cov duab - muscular. Koj tuaj yeem tau txais ntau yam khoom cog los ntawm nws.
Raspberry Krepysh (raspberry ntoo) tshuaj xyuas yog qhia kom propagate los ntawm tua los ntawm cov hauv paus hniav. Tsis tas yuav txiav nws ncig hav zoov thaum lub caij ntuj sov.
Khawb qhov tshwm sim sprouts nrog rab chais nrog rau ib feem ntawm cov hauv paus hniav. Muab cog rau hauv qhov chaw ruaj khov. Dej cov hav txwv yeem tsis tu ncua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias lawv tsis mulched.
Reproduction by cag noob
Nws nyuaj me ntsis rau kev nthuav tawm Tarusa (tsob ntoo crimson). Kev txheeb xyuas qhia ua qhov no nrog cov hauv paus txiav. Ua ntej, lawv khawb ib tsob ntoo, xaiv cov hauv paus hniav nrog buds thiab txiav cuttings los ntawm lawv.
Loj hlob cuttings yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug sib tov ntawm peat nrog coarse xuab zeb. Thaum sprouts tshwm, cuttings yog transplanted rau hauv lwm lub tais. Lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav tom ntej lawv cog rau hauv av.
Koj tuaj yeem txhawb nqa qhov pom ntawm kev tua los ntawm kev txiav cov qia ntawm tsob ntoo raspberry.
Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov neeg ua teb qhia tias loj hlob hom raspberry noyooj yim.
Cov av zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Nws yuav tsum fertile. Txhawm rau txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov av, humus thiab compost yog qhia. Yog hais tias nws yog acidic heev, ntxiv slaked txiv qaub. Hauv cov av xoob, nws yuav yooj yim dua rau cov hauv paus hniav raspberry kom sib npaug, tso cov tua.
Tarusa raspberry (tsob ntoo raspberry) loj hlob zoo tshaj plaws nyob qhov twg? Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov neeg ua teb hais tias lawv tab tom nrhiav qhov chaw tshav ntuj rau cog, tab sis qee zaum nws loj hlob zoo nyob rau hauv ib nrab ntxoov ntxoo. Qhov no tuaj yeem cawm koj los ntawm kev qhuav dej yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem ua rau irrigate cog. Berries tej zaum yuav tsis qab zib, tab sis loj dua. Feem ntau ib tsob ntoo raspberry cog rau ntawm ciam teb ntawm lub vaj nyob rau sab qab teb. Tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo hnyav, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav qaub, thiab cov nroj tsuag yuav qaug zog. Tib lub sijhawm, raspberry cag tua tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev saib xyuas ntoo.
dej hauv av yuav tsum tsis txhob los ze rau ntawm av. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov hauv paus rot. Yog tias tsis muaj qhov chaw zoo li no, koj tuaj yeem cog bushes rau siab ridges.
Y Ua ntej cog rau hauv qab ntawm lub qhov dej los yog trench, txheej ntawm peat, humus, sawdust, compost yog pw, sprinkle nrog av.
qia yog txiav mus rau 40 cm, Bush yog cog rau hauv av. Tus so ntawm qia raug txiav tawm tom qab cov stems tshiab ncav cuag 25 cm.
Txoj kev cog qoob loo
Thaum sib sau raspberries los ntawm ob npaug pruning, txhua Bush yuav branched. Nws zoo nkaus li zoo, tab sis lawv siv ntau qhov chaw. Yog li ntawd, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm bushes nyob rau hauv ib tug kab yuav tsum yog hais txog 1.5 m, thiab cov kab lawv tus kheej yuav tsum nyob deb ntawm tsawg kawg yog 2 m.8 sab tua kom txi txiv.
Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm tsob ntoo raspberry qhia tias nws cov qia muaj zog, nws tsis poob rau hauv av, tab sis tuaj yeem khoov ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm nplooj thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Yog li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem kho tau los ntawm kev khi txhua lub hav txwv yeem rau ib qho kev txhawb nqa. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum tau tsav ib ceg ntoo ntawm lawv thiab khi ib tsob ntoo rau nws. Tapestry tuaj yeem siv tau.
Raspberry root superficial. Yog li ntawd, cov nroj tsuag tsis tuaj yeem tsim dej rau nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv lub drought. Nws yuav tsum tau them nyiaj los ntawm kev ywg dej, uas yog nqa tawm raws li qhov xav tau. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muab cov nroj tsuag muaj dej txaus thaum cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsim thiab siav.
Nyob
Fertilize hauv qab tsob ntoo raspberry thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Siv ntoo tshauv. Tom qab ntawd cov av ib ncig yuav tsum tau watered. Ua ntej raspberries tawg, thiab thaum lub sij hawm ripening ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo, ib tug tov ntawm mullein yog ntxiv. Nitrogen chiv yog siv los txhim kho kev loj hlob, phosphorus thiab poov tshuaj chiv yog siv thaum lub sij hawm tsim txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Txhawm rau kom cov dej noo tsawg dua, nws yog qhov zoo rau mulch av nrog humus. Kev tshuaj xyuas txog tsob ntoo raspberry ntawm kev paub txog gardeners tau qhia kom fertilize raspberries ua ntej mulching, nteg nqaij qaib quav granules ntawm kab. Qhov no txhim kho cov qoob loo thiab cov xwm txheej ntawm bushes.
Txhawm rau ua kom lub hav txwv yeem zoo li tsob ntoo, koj yuav tsum tshem tawm cov cag ntoo nyob ib ncig ntawm nws. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv qhov tob ntawm txog 7 cm. Lawv tsuas tshuav yog tias lawv yuav pib yug me nyuam.
Siv Raspberry
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo raspberry yog dav siv. Lawv muaj vitamin C thiab lwm yam khoom muaj txiaj ntsig. Hauv cosmetology, ib qho extract tau los ntawm raspberries yog siv.
Berry yog siv los ua jam qab. Lawv tsis poob lawv cov tshuaj txawm tias tom qab ua tiav. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, koj yuav tsum tau noj ntau npaum li cas tshiab berries li sai tau. Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm tsob ntoo raspberry qhia tias cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm Tarusa thiab Krepysh ntau yam tsis crumple thaum caij tsheb thauj mus los. Ua li no, lawv yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo muab tso rau hauv lub thawv yas kom tsis txhob nyem. Koj tuaj yeem khov lawv, siv qhuav. Ua li no, koj tuaj yeem siv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav los ntawm lub hnub nrog dej tsis txaus. Lawv tau sau nrog twigs, qhuav. Khaws hauv tsev txhab nyiaj. Thaum lub caij ntuj no, ncuav dej npau los yog ntxiv rau cov tshuaj yej ib txwm.
Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm tsob ntoo raspberry hais tias nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, mob khaub thuas yog kho nrog kev pab los ntawm lawv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Raspberry nplooj kuj siv rau lub hom phiaj no. Nrog lawv cov kev pab, qee cov kab mob hauv plab tau kho. Los ntawm cov ceg ntoo nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav, koj tuaj yeem tau txais lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav qab thiab noj qab nyob zoo nrog raspberry tsw.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag ntawm cov qauv raspberries
Stamp raspberry ntau yam tsis muaj peev xwm tiv taus cov kab mob, tshwj xeeb yog cov kab mob fungal. Yog li ntawd, lawv yuav tsum tau kho ib ntus nrog kev npaj tooj liab thiab fungicides.
Thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thaum ntxov, kho nrog cov tshuaj tsis muaj zog ntawm Bordeaux sib tov. Thaum lub caij ntuj sov lawv siv "Skor" lossis "Fitosporin", uas yog ib qho tshuaj lom neeg los tiv thaiv kab mob fungal.
BasicCov kab tsuag ntawm tsob ntoo raspberry yog kab kab raspberry. Nws puas nplooj thiab berries ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Outwardly, crimson beetle zoo li me me grey weevil. Ntev - txog 6 millimeters. Lub larvae ntawm no beetle yug nyob rau hauv cov av. Yog hais tias hauv av nyob rau hauv lub Bush yog periodically loosened, ib co ntawm cov larvae yuav ploj mus. Tab sis qhov no tsis txaus los tua kab. Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav, thaum nplooj thiab budding, bushes raug kho nrog tshuaj tua kab.
Qee lub teeb me ntsis tshwm rau ntawm nplooj ntawm tsob ntoo raspberry. Lawv teeb pom kev tsis xis nyob. Tej zaum qhov chaw loj hlob yog tsaus dhau los yog ntub dhau.
