Rau qhov kev ua tiav ntawm kev ua haujlwm tha xim, cov neeg ua haujlwm pabcuam xws li cov kuab tshuaj tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb, kev siv cov khoom tsim nyog los npaj cov chaw yuav tsum tau pleev xim thiab muab qhov xav tau sib xws rau cov ntaub ntawv pleev xim. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav xav txog P4 hnyav, uas yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv nrov tshaj plaws thiab paub zoo zoo sib xws ntawm kev ua lag luam.
Cov yam ntxwv dav dav
Solvent P4 yog cov kuab tshuaj organic, uas yog cov kua tsis muaj xim pob tshab (qee zaum nws yuav muaj xim daj) tsis pom cov khoom raug tshem tawm. Nws yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb tsw thiab siab volatility. Qhov nruab nrab tus nqi ntawm cov txheeb ze ntom ntawm cov khoom yog 0.85 g ib cubic meter. pom tus kheej-ignites ntawm qhov kub ntawm 550 degrees. Ua raws li cov qauv muab los ntawm GOST 7827-74. Ua nyob rau hauv cov thawv ntim khoom - yas thiab iav ntim (lub raj mis) ntawm ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg.
Thinner P4:composition
P4 yog sib xyaw ntawm peb cov kuab tshuaj organic, ua ke ua haujlwm zoo dua. Xws li:
• toluene - 62%;
• acetone - 26%;
• butyl acetate - 12%.
Vim qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov kuab tshuaj yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov neeg siv khoom zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm cov kua roj vanish thiab cov xim. Cov khoom xyaw xws li butyl acetate pab ua kom lub ntsej muag ci ntawm cov xim pleev xim thiab tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm fading thiab whitening.
Cov ntsiab lus hnyav hnyav
Solvent R4 (GOST 7827-74) muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
• ethyl ester volatility ranges ntawm 5 txog 15;
• tus lej coagulation tsawg kawg yog 24%;
• qhov feem ntawm cov dej (los ntawm huab hwm coj) tsis ntau tshaj 0.7%;
• acid naj npawb tsis tshaj 0.07 mg KOH/g.
Cov kuab tshuaj qib R-4A kuj tsim. Qhov no reagent thiab hnyav P4 yog analogues nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev yam ntxwv. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv txawv me ntsis hauv kev sib xyaw, vim, raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm GOST, butyl acetate tsis suav nrog R-4A. Lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qib no yog qhov P-4A qib hnyav, tsis zoo li P4, muaj peev xwm ua kom yaj XB-124 enamels (tiv thaiv thiab grey).
P4 hnyav siv nyob qhov twg?
Cov reagent yog siv los dilute cov xim thiab cov kua roj vanish xws li PSH LN thiab LS PSH, lub hauv paus rau kev tsim khoomuas yog PVC chlorinated resins, epoxy resins, vinyl chloride copolymers thiab lwm yam kev ua yeeb yaj kiab.
YYuav siv li cas - yuav ua li cas kom dilute cov xim zoo nrog P4 hnyav?
Thinner P4 yog ntxiv rau qee yam khoom siv (lacquer lossis xim) hauv qee qhov me kom txog thaum qhov kev xav tau sib xws. Cov xim diluted (lacquer) yuav tsum sib tov tas li.
Tom qab siv cov txheej txheem npaj, cov kuab tshuaj evaporates, thiab cov khoom tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab, tawv, hloov mus rau hauv cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv. Thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov kuab tshuaj, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob tso dej nkag rau hauv nws, vim tias acetone uas yog ib feem ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog nws yooj yim, thiab qhov no, tig mus, yuav ua rau cov xim distortion los yog whitening ntawm pob tshab txheej.
Ceev faj rau kev ua haujlwm nrog hnyav P4
Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov tshuaj yog tshuaj lom thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tib neeg lub cev, qhov twg nws nkag los ntawm kev nqus pa, thiab tseem nkag mus rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Nrog rau kev raug mob mus ntev, muaj qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo ntawm cov kuab tshuaj ntawm cov pob txha thiab cov ntshav. Kev sib cuag ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntev yuav ua rau dermatitis.
Muab tag nrho cov saum toj no, ua haujlwm nrog P4 hnyav yuav tsum tau nqa tawm hauv cov chav uas muaj qhov cua zoo. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv uas tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj cov teeb meem cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob ua pa, qhov muag thiab tawv nqaij ntawm tes (lub tshuab ua pa, hnab looj tes, tsom iav).
P4, zoo li lwm tuscov kuab tshuaj, yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev kub ntxhov siab. Cov sib tov yog heev flammable thiab, ntxiv rau, yog tawg. Cov vapors ntawm cov khoom uas ua rau cov kuab tshuaj, uas zoo li sib sau ua ke, kuj yog tawg. Yog li, qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau kev ua haujlwm nrog cov kuab tshuaj yog ua raws li cov kev cai ntawm kev nyab xeeb hluav taws.
