Tsev boilers. Drawings ntawm tsev boilers

Cov txheej txheem:

Tsev boilers. Drawings ntawm tsev boilers
Tsev boilers. Drawings ntawm tsev boilers

Video: Tsev boilers. Drawings ntawm tsev boilers

Video: Tsev boilers. Drawings ntawm tsev boilers
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Ntau tus tswv feem ntau ntsib cov teeb meem hauv qab no: Koj yuav ua li cas kom sov koj lub tsev kom zoo thiab nyab xeeb yog tias roj tsis txuas nrog nws? Muaj peev xwm tsuas yog ib lo lus teb rau lo lus nug no: nws yog qhov tseeb tshaj plaws los siv kev teeb tsa tshwj xeeb hauv daim ntawv ntawm boiler uas khiav ntawm ntoo raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm pyrolysis combustion. Koj tuaj yeem yuav cov cuab yeej zoo li no hauv khw muag khoom tshwj xeeb, tab sis nws cov nqi yuav siab heev. Tias yog vim li cas koj yuav tsum xav txog qhov nthuav dav yuav ua li cas ua lub tsev ua pyrolysis boiler, nrog rau kev xyuam xim rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm nws cov haujlwm.

YPyrolysis combustion yog dab tsi?

Raws li koj paub, nws tsis yooj yim heev los ua kom sov ib chav tshwj xeeb nrog cov taws kub hnyiab, vim tias cov roj no kub hnyiab tau sai, yam tsis tso lub zog xav tau. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov pa oxygen hauv qhov cub txo qis, cov khoom siv yuav tau noj ntau dua. Nws yog nyob rau ntawm no hais tias lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm pyrolysis combustion yog raws, ua tsaug rau qhov uasyuav tsum muaj roj tsawg tsawg thiab efficiency yog nce. Cov khoom tseem ceeb tau txais nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog coke, tshauv, thiab combustible gas, uas kuj tso tawm ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm tshav kub.

Qhov no txhais tau hais tias thaum tsim ib lub tsev boiler ntev-ntev, cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account:

  • Thaum pib, ntoo hlawv nrog txwv oxygen tso tawm cov pa roj;
  • qhov sib xyaw ua ke yog hlawv, muab cov cua sov tig.

Ntau lub tsev boilers ua haujlwm raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus no, tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov cuab yeej yuav tsum tau hloov kho kom tag nrho cov cua sov hauv tsev tsis puas thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm.

Tsim cov ntoo tua hluav taws

Hauv tsev boilers
Hauv tsev boilers

Lub cub tawg ntawm cov khoom siv no tau muab faib ua ob ntu. Thawj ntawm cov no yog hu ua lub chaw thau khoom. Nws yog nyob rau hauv seem no ntawm lub boiler uas ntoo hlawv, undergoing pyrolysis. Raws li, qhov ntim ntawm huab cua ntawm no yog tsawg. Tag nrho cov gases tau txais thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm nkag, tig mus rau hauv qhov thib ob, uas yog hu ua combustion chamber. Ntxiv mus, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias qhov kub poob hauv qhov no yog qhov tsis tseem ceeb.

Thaum ua lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv tsev, koj yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tias kev sib cais ntawm ob chav uas tau hais los saum toj no yog ua los ntawm kev siv grate tshwj xeeb. Cov huab cua nkag mus rau hauv lub tshuab ua ntej dhau los ntawm cov roj, uas yog ib txwm siv rau cov tshuab pyrolysis.

Aerodynamic luagntawm cov khoom siv zoo li no yog qhov siab heev, vim tias nws yuav tsum tau teeb tsa ntxiv traction, uas tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tsis yog nrog kev pab los ntawm cov kiv cua, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov pa hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb siv tshwj xeeb rau cov xwm txheej no.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm pyrolysis boiler

Cov cua kub tawm ntawm cov ntoo hauv cov txheej txheem ua rau nws tawg, ua rau tsim cov thee thiab cov roj combustible.

Tsev ua ntev-kub boiler
Tsev ua ntev-kub boiler

Cov roj hluav taws xob hauv tsev tsim kom muaj cua sov ntau thaum ua haujlwm. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias qhov kub nyob rau hauv lub combustion chamber muaj peev xwm ncav cuag 1200 ° C, vim hais tias cov outgassing yog ceev heev. Cov khoom ntawm combustion ntawm lub resulting volatile sib tov, tau tso tseg feem ntau ntawm lub zog, tom qab ntawd coj tawm los ntawm lub chimney ntsia ntawm lub apparatus.

Vim qhov ntim loj ntawm cov khoom thauj khoom, qhov ntsuas kub tuaj yeem tswj tau tas li nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev, uas tsis tuaj yeem hais txog cov qauv ntsuas cua sov. Yog li, lub tshuab hluav taws xob ua hluav taws xob hauv tsev tuaj yeem ua haujlwm yam tsis tau nres rau ib hnub, thaum nws txaus los thauj ntoo rau hauv nws ib zaug xwb. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj tuaj yeem hloov kho lub zog ntawm lub tshuab raws li koj xav tau.

Nws muaj peev xwm los ntxuav cov cuab yeej zoo li no, tab sis tsis tshua muaj, vim tias tsis muaj khawb thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, thiab cov tshauv yog tsim los ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus.

Nws tseem tsis tuaj yeem tsis nco qab txog kev ua phooj ywg ib puag ncig ntawm cov khoom siv no, txij li cov pa pa tawmTsis muaj dab tsi ntau tshaj li kev sib xyaw ntawm cov dej vapor nrog carbon dioxide.

Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsim nyog hais txog qee qhov tsis zoo ntawm pyrolysis boiler. Yog li, nws yog ib qho kev cai rau ib leeg tawm ntawm lawv cov hauv qab no:

  • cov khoom siv loj heev, uas yuav tsis yooj yim heev hauv chav me;
  • rau kev ua haujlwm zoo nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum siv cov roj kom qhuav, txwv tsis pub cov cua sov tso tawm yuav tsawg dua;
  • kev ua haujlwm ib txwm ntawm lub boiler tsuas yog ua tau yog tias qhov kev sib txuas hauv lub network ruaj khov, uas yog vim qhov xav tau los tswj cov cua ntsawj ntshab, lub ntsiab mechanism ntawm uas yog cov kiv cua built-in.

Tab sis, raws li nws paub meej, cov cuab yeej no muaj qhov zoo dua li qhov tsis zoo, yog li nws qhov kev teeb tsa yuav yog qhov kev txiav txim siab.

Cov roj zoo rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob

Hauv tsev ntoo raug rho tawm haujlwm boiler
Hauv tsev ntoo raug rho tawm haujlwm boiler

Cov khoom siv cua sov zoo tshaj plaws siv hauv pyrolysis boilers yog, ntawm chav kawm, ntoo. Ntxiv mus, qhov tsis zoo tshaj plaws rau nws yog cov hauv qab no: ntev 400-450 mm, txoj kab uas hla 100-250 mm. Nws tsis yog txwv tsis pub hlawv sawdust nrog rau cov cav ntoo, tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov ntawm no tias cov roj no yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 30% ntawm tag nrho cov ntim ntawm cov khoom tso rau hauv lub chamber.

Raws li tau hais los saum toj no, lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntev hauv tsev yuav ua haujlwm nrog kev ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntoo qhuav, uas yog, ib qho uas nws cov dej noo tsis ntau tshaj 40%. Ntxiv mus, xws li kev ntsuas tsis yog xwbyuav ua kom lub zog ntawm cov cuab yeej siv, tab sis kuj txuas ntxiv nws lub neej kev pab.

Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tseeb tias cov roj tau qhuav zoo thiab tsis muaj cov dej noo ntau, txwv tsis pub kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab yuav ua haujlwm tsawg.

Daim duab ntawm qhov kub hnyiab ntev

Ib qho kev ywj pheej ntawm qhov no lossis cov khoom siv ntawd yuav tsum tau ua nrog kev sib tham nrog ntau lub tswv yim ntawm cov khoom siv. Yog li, cov duab kos hauv tsev ua pyrolysis-hom boilers tuaj yeem pom tau yooj yim hauv ob qho tib si hauv ntau lub koom haum tsim kev koom tes hauv kev sib dhos ntawm cov khoom siv, thiab hauv Internet.

Cov phiaj xwm no feem ntau tso saib qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm lub cuab yeej yav tom ntej (lub qhov cub, chimney, hluav taws xob sib hloov, thiab lwm yam). Feem ntau, lawv tseem raug cim nrog qhov ntev ntawm cov qauv uas yuav tsum tau mounted, uas, ntawm chav kawm, txhawb nqa tag nrho cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kom nkag siab cov duab kos thiab ua raws li cov lus qhia.

Drawings ntawm tsev boilers
Drawings ntawm tsev boilers

Tsis txhob hnov qab tias yog tias muaj kev sib dhos tsis raug, lub cuab yeej yuav tsis ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws, thiab qhov phem tshaj dhau los ua kev nyab xeeb, vim tias kev siv hluav taws xob, raws li koj paub, yuav tsum ua raws li kev ceev faj txog kev nyab xeeb. Ib qho kev sib dhos tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua rau qhov tshwm sim tsis tau pom dua, yog li txhua kauj ruam yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj peev xwm thiab ua tib zoo.

Khoom siv rau kev sib dhos ntawm tus kheej ntawm boiler

Hauv tsev pyrolysis boiler
Hauv tsev pyrolysis boiler

Yuav kom ua kom zoo ua lub tsev pyrolysis boiler, koj yuav tsummuaj cov khoom siv thiab cov cuab yeej tsim nyog muaj. Nov yog cov npe ntawm lawv:

  • dhau fais fab;
  • ntau pob khoom ntawm electrodes;
  • vuam tshuab (nyiam dua DC);
  • 230mm txiav log;
  • Bulgarian;
  • 125mm sib tsoo log;
  • daim ntawv hlau 4 hli tuab;
  • refractory cib;
  • kav ntau txoj kab uas hla;
  • ntau cov kav dej 2 hli tuab;
  • fan;
  • kub zaub sensor;
  • ntau tus hlau strips nrog txawv thicknesses thiab widths.

Thaum cov khoom siv zoo li no, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv 4 hli steel. Txawm li cas los xij, cov boilers hauv tsev kuj tuaj yeem tsim los siv cov khoom siv 3 hli tuab, uas feem ntau ua kom txuag nyiaj.

txheej txheem ntawm kev ua kom ntev kub boiler

Cov khoom siv roj boilers hauv tsev
Cov khoom siv roj boilers hauv tsev

Cov txheej txheem sib dhos pib nrog txiav plaub phab ntsa rau yav tom ntej ntawm cov ntawv hlau tiav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, siv lub tshuab sib tsoo, koj yuav tsum tau txiav ob lub qhov ntawm lub ntsej muag, ib qho yog npaj rau lub lauj kaub tshauv, thiab lwm qhov rau lub qhov cub.

Lub qab ntawm lub boiler tuaj yeem raug tso tseg rau tam sim no, thiab peb qhov seem yuav tsum tau ua kom ruaj khov ua ke. Cov seams ntxhib los ntawm kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo sanded nrog lub grinder.

Cov roj hluav taws xob hauv tsev muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txawv hauv lawv cov qauv tsim, txhua yam ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau nruj nreem welded, thiab cov kev loj hlob uas tau tshwm sim yuav tsum tau ntxuav. Tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem pib txhim kho qhov nocov khoom siv ncaj qha hauv qhov cub.

Muab lub firebox, tsis zoo li lub Hoobkas qauv, zoo dua rau saum, tsis yog hauv qab. Nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug grate, nws yuav tsum tau muab cais los ntawm lub gasification compartment nyob rau saum toj. Lub combustion chamber yuav tsum tau lined nrog refractory cib, nteg nws rau txhua sab.

Tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem txhim kho lub qhov rooj, thaum nws tseem ceeb kom ntseeg tau tias lawv haum ze li sai tau rau cov phab ntsa ntawm cov qauv.

Tau ua lub chimney, koj yuav tsum tau kho lub sensor los txiav txim qhov kub thiab txias, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj cov txheej txheem combustion thiab tso saib lub zog ntawm lub boiler.

Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum tau txiav qhov tsim los rau tag nrho cov kav dej, kho cov phab ntsa tom qab nrog lub tshuab vuam thiab cov txheej txheem tsis sib xws. Cov txheej txheem sib dhos ua tiav los ntawm kev kuaj xyuas cov haujlwm ntawm cov khoom tiav. Qhov tsis muaj carbon monoxide emissions txhais tau tias cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm tau zoo.

Nws yog raws li cov tswv yim no uas yooj yim tshaj plaws hauv tsev boilers yuav tsum tau mounted, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua hauj lwm uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv pyrolysis.

Cov lus pom zoo rau kev sib sau ua ke ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob

Txhawm rau zam qhov teeb meem loj thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom, thiab cov khoom siv tom qab ua haujlwm tau zoo, nws raug pom zoo kom ua tib zoo mloog cov lus pom zoo hauv qab no uas tuaj yeem pab nrog kev teeb tsa:

  • Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev los muab lub kaw lus nrog tus txwv uas tso cai rau koj los tswj cov huab cua nkag mus rau hauv chav combustion. Rau nws cov qauv tsim, cov yeeb nkab nrog lub cheeb ntawm txog 70 mm yog qhov tsim nyog, thaum muaj qhov ntev me ntsis piv rau lub cev.ntaus ntawv. Lub steel disk yuav tsum tau welded mus rau hauv qab ntawm lub limiter, uas yuav tsum tau nyob rau ntawm ib tug deb ntawm txog 40 cm los ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm lub hauv paus, thiab lub boiler npog yuav tsum tau nruab nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb recess rau mounting nws.
  • Cov cua sov hauv tsev yuav tsum muaj lub qhov rooj rau qhov chaw thau khoom. Nws yuav tsum raug kaw nrog lub qhov rooj, uas yog nruab nrog ib txheej steel tshwj xeeb uas muab kev tuav nruj dua ntawm lub cev.
  • Cov kav dej kub hloov pauv yuav tsum muaj qhov khoov. Qhov no yuav pab ua kom lub zog rov qab muaj zog.

Pyrolysis boiler cov lus qhia ua haujlwm

Tsev ua cua sov boilers
Tsev ua cua sov boilers

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev los xyuas kom meej tias kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cuab yeej no tshwm sim hauv qhov chaw nyab xeeb thiab tsis tsim kev phom sij rau lwm tus. Yog li, nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias muaj qee cov cai tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem zoo li no. Cov no suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

  • boilers hauv tsev tsuas yog ntsia tau rau hauv cov tsev tsis nyob;
  • lub cuab yeej yuav tsum tsis txhob nyob ze ntawm phab ntsa thiab lwm yam khoom hauv chav ze dua 30 cm;
  • rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov cuab yeej, nws yuav zoo dua rau nruab rau ntawm lub pob zeb lossis cib;
  • nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau muab chav nrog lub boiler nrog qhov cua zoo kom cov khoom combustion tsis nyob rau hauv chav tsev, tab sis mus rau sab nraud;
  • tiv thaiv lub chimney ntawm cov khoom siv los ntawm condensation, nws raug pom zoo kom insulate nws nrog cov ntxhia wool.

Ua raws li cov cai yooj yim no yuav tsis ua tiavua kom qhov ua tau zoo ntawm lub boiler, tab sis kuj tseem txuas ntxiv nws lub neej ua haujlwm thiab tshem tawm qhov yuav tsum tau ua txhua yam kev kho.

Pom zoo: