Cov genus me ntawm Spruce suav nrog txog 40 hom evergreens. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv yog cov yam ntxwv los ntawm cov tshuaj tsw qab, ib tug zoo nkauj, txawm lub crown zoo li thiab tus txheeb ze unpretentiousness. Qee hom tau nquag siv hauv toj roob hauv pes vaj, lwm qhov tsawg dua.
Piav dab tsi dub spruce zoo li, nkag mus rau hauv kab lis kev cai hauv Tebchaws Europe txij li xyoo 1700. Hais txog kev kho kom zoo nkauj, nws tsis yog qhov qis dua rau Canadian ntau yam, tab sis feem ntau nws yog unpretentious thiab ruaj khov.
Nyob thoob ntiaj teb, hom tau kis los ntawm North America. Nws qhov chaw nyob yog txwv nyob rau sab hnub poob los ntawm Alaska, sab hnub tuaj los ntawm cov kob ntawm Newfoundland (uas yog lub cim ntawm lub xeev), nyob rau sab qaum teb los ntawm hav zoov tundra, thiab sab qab teb los ntawm sab qaum teb Michigan thiab Minnesota. tsob ntoo kuj pom muaj nyob hauv Appalachians hauv toj siab New York. Nws loj hlob, raws li txoj cai, nyob rau hauv taiga, tsawg dua nyob rau hauv sib xyaw forests. Dav dav nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam nrog permafrost, nyob rau hauv lowlands, sphagnum bogs. Cov xwm txheej - cog nrog kev hem thawj tsawg ntawm kev ploj tuag.
Black spruce: piav qhia
tsob ntoo Evergreen nyob rau hauv nws ib puag ncig ntuj loj hlob mus txog 20-30 m hauvQhov siab thiab ncav cuag lub cev txoj kab uas hla ntawm 30-90 cm. Lub bark yog fissured, scaly, liab-xim av los yog greyish, nyias. Cov ntoo muaj cov koob thinnest piv rau lwm cov spruces - 0.7-0.8 hli thiab ntev ntawm 0.5-1.2 cm. Cov duab ntawm cov koob yog tetrahedral, prickly, nrog pronounced stomatal kab saum toj thiab hauv qab, xim yog tsaus, ntsuab-xiav.. Lawv yog cov ntom ntom ntawm cov ceg, lub neej ntev yog qhov nruab nrab ntawm 8-9 xyoo. Cov koob, thaum rubbed, muaj cov yam ntxwv tart aroma.
Spruce cones yog puag ncig-ovoid, qee zaum yuav luag spherical, me me: 2-3.5 cm ntev thiab 1.5-1.8 cm dav. Txog rau thaum ripening, lawv yog ib tug natural kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm tsob ntoo, muaj ib tug txawv purplish xim av.. Cov nplai yog obovate, wavy, muaj cov cwj pwm strokes hauv nruab nrab. Cov cones tseem nyob ntawm spruce rau 20-30 xyoo tsis poob.
Hauv kev cog qoob loo, tsob ntoo yog qhov ntxoov ntxoo-tiv taus, undemanding rau cov av, lub caij ntuj no-hardy, tab sis rhiab rau cua sov. Nyob rau hauv drought xav tau zoo watering. Nws hlob qeeb, tab sis nyob rau hauv Russia nws tsis tshua muaj nyob rau hauv kab lis kev cai, yielding nyob rau hauv muaj koob meej mus rau lwm hom - xiav spruce. Outwardly, nws zoo nkauj heev, nws qhov me me tso cai rau nws siv txhua qhov chaw, thiab cov koob grey thiab tuab muab fluffiness. Qhov ntau tshaj plaws yog plaub ntau yam zoo nkauj ntawm spruce, uas peb yuav nyob rau hauv kom meej ntxiv.
Baisnery
Ntau yam yog supposedly bred nyob rau hauv 1915. Lub hybrid muaj ib tug tuab puag ncig crown. Bush qhov siab thiab txoj kab uas hlayuav luag zoo tib yam, ncav cuag qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 5 m. Kev loj hlob qeeb. Cov koob yog ntsuab, nrog ib tug muag heev xiav-ntsuab tint. Muaj ntau ntau yam hu ua Compacta, uas muaj qhov sib txawv me me (txog 2 m), tsis muaj cov lus hais saum toj kawg nkaus, tab sis xim thiab cov duab ntawm cov koob zoo sib xws.
Doumeti
hybrid yog ib tsob ntoo siab, 5-6 m siab. Lub crown yog dav-conical nrog ntau ceg nce upwards. Cov koob muaj ib tug pronounced xiav tint, densely npog cov tua. Ntau lub spruce cones yog nyob ncaj qha rau ntawm lub cev. Qhov ntau yam yog lub caij ntuj no-hardy, ceev-loj hlob. Pom zoo rau thaj chaw ua si, squares, tsim pab pawg cog qoob loo. Nws yog noteworthy tias tsob ntoo yuav propagated los ntawm cuttings. Qhov no yog qhov tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim ntawm conifers. Thawj thawj zaug xws li spruce tau loj hlob hauv Fabkis.
Kobold
Ib yam uas tau txais los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm ob qho tib si - Doumeti thiab Omorika. Ib tsob ntoo qis qis, uas thaum muaj hnub nyoog 20 mus txog qhov siab ntawm ib 'meter', qhov kev loj hlob txhua xyoo yog 5 cm. Cov duab ntawm lub crown yog spherical. Cov ceg zoo nkauj yog them nrog cov koob tuab txog li 12 hli ntev thiab 0.5 hli dav. Lub hybrid yog heev zoo nkauj thiab yeej deserves lub mloog ntawm gardeners. Cov ntau yam tau txais nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees xyoo 1951.
Black spruce Nana
Ntxhais neeg zoo nkauj hybrid nrog lub ntsej muag puag ncig. Nyob rau hauv qhov siab tsis tshua muaj mus txog 0.5 m, loj hlob qeeb heev. Lub teeb ntsuab koob nrog lub bluish tinge yog nyias tab sis ntev, yog li cov nroj tsuag zoo li "dense" thiab fluffy. Qhov ntau yam yog resistant rauFrost, nroog polluted cua. Nws raug pom zoo kom siv rau kev tsim kho vaj tsev me me, alpine slides, rockeries, ru tsev, raws li lub lauj kaub kab lis kev cai. Zoo nkauj yooj yim rau propagate los ntawm cuttings.
Qhov no tsis yog txhua yam ntawm dub spruce, tseem muaj cov hybrids, tab sis lawv tsis tshua muaj. Piv txwv li, nrog variegated dawb, ci los yog nyias koob, quaj qw zoo li 5 m nyob rau hauv qhov siab, dwarf. Nyob rau hauv nws ib puag ncig ntuj, dub spruce tuaj yeem tsim cov hybrids nrog cov tsiaj sib ze.
Txoj kev cog qoob loo
Dub spruce yog qhov ntxoov ntxoo-tiv taus thiab undemanding rau av fertility cog. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nws tsim tau zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw teeb pom kev zoo, tiv thaiv los ntawm cov cua ntsawj ntshab thiab cua daj cua dub. Tolerates me ntsis swamping thiab tsis dhau hais lus continental huab cua. Nws tshwm sim tsis zoo rau kev hloov pauv, trampling qhov chaw ze ntawm qia, raws li cov hauv paus hniav tau dhau los ua qhov muag ntau xyoo.
Yuav kom dub spruce loj hlob zoo nkauj thiab noj qab nyob zoo, muab nws nrog fertile av. Koj tuaj yeem npaj koj tus kheej los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm xuab zeb, peat, turf thiab nplooj av hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 1: 1: 2: 2. Nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub qhov dej tsaws tsag, nco ntsoov ncuav ib txheej txheej 15-20 cm tuab ua los ntawm nthuav av nplaum los yog tawg cib.
Yog tias koj siv spruce los tsim ib lub hedge, ces muaj zog shaping pruning yog qhov txaus, tom qab uas lub crown thickens nrog txawm ntau zog. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, nws raug pom zoo kom tshem tawm cov ceg qhuav thiab puas. Watering hluas nroj tsuagyuav tsum tsis tu ncua thiab plentiful, cov neeg laus - tsuas yog nyob rau hauv huab cua sov. Conifers, suav nrog dub spruce, muaj cov hauv paus hauv paus ze rau ntawm cov av, yog li loosening yog tso cai, tab sis mus rau qhov tob yam tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm 10 cm. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau mulch lub voj voog ze ntawm qia nrog peat lossis ntoo chips.
