Lub ntsiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov plag tsev ntoo yog lawv cov dej noo. Nws cov cawv tuaj yeem ua rau rotting thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov ntaub pua tsev. Yog li ntawd, waterproofing ib tug ntoo pem teb yog ib qho tseem ceeb kauj ruam nyob rau hauv kev npaj ntawm ib feem ntawm lub tsev rau txhua lub hom phiaj.
Ntau yam dej tsis sib haum
Hnub no, koj tuaj yeem xaiv ib qho ntawm cov thev naus laus zis uas twb muaj lawm rau kev tiv thaiv dej. Cov txheej txheem yuav nyob ntawm seb lub hom phiaj ntawm chav tsev, qhov tsim ntawm lub hauv paus, nrog rau hom kev ua tiav hauv pem teb. Raws li hom khoom siv thiab kev siv tshuab ua haujlwm, kev ua dej tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua tau:
- cast;
- stucco;
- painting;
- filling;
- pasing.
Yuav xaiv txoj kev twg yuav siv los ua kom tsis muaj dej hauv pem teb ntoo, koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog cov nuances ntawm txhua txoj kev.
Ntawm cov xim pleev xim tsis zoo
Txoj kev pheej yig tshaj plaws thiab yooj yim tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv cov plag tsev yog xim tsis muaj dej. Nws suav nrog kev thov ntawm polymer lossis bituminous varnishes. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm txoj kev no yog qhov fragility ntawm cov txheej tsim. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, nws yuav poob elasticity, uas yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb rau cov mob uas muaj qhov kub thiab txias. Tom qab ntawd, xws li txheej yuav ua nkig, thiab chips thiab tawg yuav tsim rau saum npoo. 6 xyoo tom qab ua haujlwm, cov txheej txheem dej tsis zoo yuav xav tau kev kho dua tshiab. Yog hais tias koj yuav waterproofing ib tug ntoo pem teb siv painting technology, ces hauv pem teb yuav tsum xub muab sanded, roj stains tshem tawm ntawm nws nto thiab qhuav. Tom qab qhov saum npoo yog them nrog primer ua los ntawm bituminous mastic. Nws yuav tsum tau qhuav, thiab nws staining yog nqa tawm nrog ib tug roller los yog txhuam. Qee zaum, cov txheej txheem rov ua dua ob peb zaug.
Cov nuances ntawm cam khwb cia waterproofing
Waterproofing ntawm ib tug ntoo pem teb kuj yuav ua tau siv cam khwb cia technology. Nws yog suav hais tias yog qhov feem ntau txhim khu kev qha ntawm tag nrho cov uas twb muaj lawm niaj hnub no. Txawm li cas los xij, ib tus yuav tsum suav nrog tus nqi siab ntawm cov txheej txheem. Cov khoom siv rau kev ua haujlwm yuav yog molten bitumen, asph alt pob zeb lossis suab. Cov khoom yuav muaj qee yam viscosity nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Cov kua bitumen yuav tsum tau rhuab mus rau 10 °, raws li rau ib tug tsawg-viscosity muaj pes tsawg leeg, nws kub yuav tsum nyob rau hauvQhov kub ntawm 50 txog 80 °. Cov viscous compound yog rhuab mus rau 120 °.
Ua ntej pib ua haujlwm, lub hauv paus yog npaj, nws yuav tsum tau ntxuav, tawg thiab qhuav. Tom ntej no yog priming nrog kub bitumen. Formwork yuav tsum tau ua nyob ib ncig ntawm lub perimeter. Cov txheej waterproofing yog rhuab mus rau qhov xav tau qhov kub thiab txias, thiab tom qab ntawd tag nrho saum npoo yog sau. Tus tswv nqa tawm leveling nrog ib tug hlau scraper thiab tawm ntawm qhov chaw kom txog rau thaum muaj pes tsawg leeg hardens. Yog tias tsim nyog, tuaj yeem siv ob peb txheej.
Kev tiv thaiv dej hauv pem teb hauv lub tsev ntoo tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm kev rov qab nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb hu ua betonites. Nrog lawv pab, qhov chaw npaj tau puv. Nyob rau hauv tus ntawm dej, cov khoom no tsim ib tug gel, uas yuav luag tsis muaj peev xwm mus dhau noo noo. Ntxiv nrog rau cov dej tsis zoo, cov txheej txheem tsim muaj peev xwm thermal rwb thaiv tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog thicker, uas txo qhov siab ntawm lub qab nthab. Ua ntej pib rov ua cov khoom siv dej tsis zoo, yuav tsum tau ua formwork, uas yog ntsia ib ncig ntawm chav tsev. Qhov saum npoo yog ntxuav thiab qhuav, tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem pib rov qab, ua tib zoo leveling thiab compaction.
Cov Lus Qhia rau plaster waterproofing
Cov khoom xyaw zoo li no muaj cov khoom xyaw ntxhia binder fillers, nrog rau cov khoom siv polymer. Cement yog siv los ua ib qho chaw muab tub lim. Cov sib tov npaj yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv ob peb txheej, uas yuav tsim ib tug waterproof tiv thaiv. Lub hauv paus rau xws li waterproofing yuav tsum tsis muaj xim. Ntawm nws cov yam ntxwv yuav tsum tau - siab tshaj plaws lub zog thiab purity. Kev tsis sib xws thiab tawg yuav tsum tau them.
Dry mix yuav tsum tau ntxiv nrog dej, ua raws li cov chaw tsim khoom cov lus qhia. Cov txheej txheem npaj yog sib xyaw, zoo dua yog siv cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke. Thaum ua haujlwm, qhov kub hauv chav yuav tsum nyob nruab nrab ntawm +5 txog +30 ° C. Cov tshuaj yog siv nyob rau hauv ob peb txheej, qhov zoo ntawm uas muaj peev xwm ncav cuag plaub. Nruab nrab ntawm lawv, koj yuav tsum tau tos ib ntus ntawm 10 feeb. Thaum lub sij hawm kho, yuav tsum tsis txhob ua hauj lwm load rau saum npoo, nws yuav tsum tau xyuas kom meej tias tus pas ntsuas kub tsis poob qis dua 0 °. Hauv qhov no, kev ziab tawm yuav tsum tsis suav nrog.
Txoj kev pasting waterproofing
Kev tiv thaiv dej hauv pem teb hauv tsev ntoo kuj tuaj yeem ua los ntawm kev siv tshuab pasting. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, bituminous dov, polymer-bitumen lossis cov ntaub ntawv polymeric yog glued rau hauv paus. Lawv yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov khoom uas tiv thaiv kev tsim cov txheej txheem putrefactive. Raws li nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv tau piav saum toj no, hauv pem teb saum npoo yog ntxuav thiab qhuav, thiab ces mastic yog siv rau nws, txheej thickness yuav tsum yog 1.5 hli. Rolls yog dov los ntawm saum toj no, adhesion yog tiav nrog hnyav-raws li adhesives. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua kom sov thiab welded cov seams yav tas los ntxuav ua ke. Tus lejCov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg yuav nyob ntawm qhov chaw raug dej.
Txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov dej tsis zoo
Yuav kom cov dej tsis zoo ntawm cov ntoo hauv pem teb kom zoo li qhov ua tau, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv tsis yog los ntawm saum toj, tab sis kuj los ntawm hauv qab. Yog tias lub tsev tsis muaj hauv qab daus, tom qab ntawd kev tiv thaiv dej yog ua tiav thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho ntawm lub hauv paus. Whereas nqa tawm kev ua hauj lwm waterproofing nyob rau hauv pem teb, uas muaj ib tug hauv qab daus hauv qab, yuav ua tau ntau nyuaj. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm noo noo, tag nrho cov kev ntsuas yuav tsum tau ua. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, lub tshuab ua pa tau raug teeb tsa hauv subfield. Cov txheej txheem ntoo raug kho nrog tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab los ntawm sab hauv qab daus, qhov saum npoo yog insulated nrog isoplast lossis cov khoom siv vov tsev. Waterproofing ua hauj lwm, raws li txoj cai, yog ua nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog thermal rwb thaiv tsev.
Tsab ntoo hauv pem teb hauv chav dej
Kev tiv thaiv cov ntoo hauv pem teb hauv chav dej yuav tsum ua kom zoo li qhov ua tau, vim tias cov khoom raug cov dej tsis tu ncua. Rau kev tsim kho ntawm chav tsev no, koj yuav tsum xaiv cov khoom siv los ntawm cov ntoo tsis muaj dej xws li aspen lossis larch. Impregnation ntawm cov khoom hauv pem teb yog nqa tawm ob peb zaug, txhua qhov chaw hauv qab yuav tsum tau them nrog cov khoom siv insulating. Rau kev tiv thaiv tag nrho ntawm lub hauv paus, ib lub pobzeb yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov chaw, uas yuav tsis suav nrog kev nkag mus ntawm dej. Txwv tsis pub, kev ua dej tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua tiav siv ib qho ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tau piav qhia saum toj no.
Pem teb waterproofing hauvbathhouse
Kev tiv thaiv hauv pem teb hauv chav da dej feem ntau yog ua los ntawm txheej txheej lossis txheej txheej. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntaub ntawv yob lossis mastic ntawm cov khoom sib txawv. Kev ntseeg tau ntawm kev tiv thaiv yuav nyob ntawm qhov tuab ntawm txheej. Yog tias siv cov khoom siv zaj duab xis, ces koj yuav tsum xav txog cov nplaum nplaum. Ib qho ntawm cov kev cai tseem ceeb rau nws yog tias nws yuav tsum tsis txhob tso cov khoom phom sij thaum raug kub hnyiab. Cov kws tshaj lij tsis qhia txog kev siv cov khoom siv vov tsev ua cov insulators rau chav chav thiab chav da dej, vim nws lub neej kev pab cuam tsis siab heev, thiab thaum cua sov, nws tso tawm cov khoom siv roj av. Ntawm lwm yam, tom qab tso, nws txhais tau hais tias yuav tsum tau ua ntau yam nrog bitumen. Yog li, kev tiv thaiv dej ntawm cov ntoo hauv pem teb hauv da dej yuav tsum tau nqa nrog cov yas tuab tuab.
Qee tus kws tshaj lij ntseeg tias kev tso dej tawm yog txoj hauv kev zoo dua. Ntawm kev muag khoom koj tuaj yeem nrhiav universal tshwj xeeb gels uas siv rau txhua yam khoom siv. Tab sis cov khoom zoo li no kim heev. Ib tug xov tooj ntawm builders tsis qhia nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov ua hauj lwm waterproofing nyob rau hauv lub chav chav. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias cov ntxhiab tsw ntawm rot thiab pwm yuav pib tshwm nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov no, koj yuav tsum tau teeb tsa lub tshuab ua pa ntxiv.
tiv thaiv dej rau hauv qab ntawm lub hauv paus ntoo
Kev tiv thaiv dej hauv qab ntoo tuaj yeem ua rau hauv av. Txawm nws yuav qhuav npaum li cas los xij, yuav tsum ua haujlwm li no. Rau qhov no, lub hauv paus ntawm ob peb txheej yog npaj, raws li thawjzoo-compacted av protrudes, uas yuav compacted manually los yog siv cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Cov kauj ruam tom ntej no yuav ntxiv cov xuab zeb, uas ua rau cov dej tsis zoo. Yog tias koj yuav tsum ua haujlwm nrog cov av ntom ntom, ces txheej txheej 10 cm yuav txaus. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov av hnyav hnyav thiab ua rau khov, qhov siab ntawm cov ntaub pua tsev tuaj yeem nce mus txog 20 cm, vim tias lub hauv paus yog nquag nqus dej.
Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yuav yog rov ua dua 10 cm txheej ntawm cov pob zeb crushed, uas muaj qhov nruab nrab lossis loj. Qhov saum npoo yog compacted, uas tiv thaiv kev nkag mus ntawm noo noo mus rau cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg siab. Yog li, koj tuaj yeem thaiv kev nkag mus ntawm noo noo rau hauv pem teb kab teeb thiab cav. Yog tias cov dej hauv av nyob sib sib zog nqus, tsis siab tshaj 2 m ntawm qhov chaw, ces cov pob zeb crushed tuaj yeem hloov tau nrog cov av nplaum nthuav dav, uas ua rau cov cua sov thiab dej tsis zoo. Cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg no yog qhov tsim nyog thaum xaiv cov khoom siv dej tsis zoo hauv pem teb thiab yuav ua li cas nteg ntoo flooring.
Pem teb waterproofing ntawm ncej
Koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov ntoo hauv pem teb ntawm tus ncej siv cov cuab yeej hauv qab no. Rau qhov no, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los khawb pits hla tag nrho cov cheeb tsam hauv qab daus, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm qhov yuav tsum yog 1.5 m. Ib lub hauv ncoo ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab pob zeb tau muab tso rau hauv qab, thiab tom qab ntawd cov dej tsis muaj dej los ntawm cov yas zaj duab xis yog them. Nws yuav tsum tau mus rau saum npoo av los ntawm 30 cm. Cov ncej yog ua los ntawm cib, uas, tom qab lub mortar tau qhuav, yuav tsum tau kho nrog waterproofing mastic.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws waterproofing rau hauv pem teb ntoo nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no muaj cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv. Piv txwv li, cov khoom siv vov tsev yog nteg nyob rau saum npoo ntawm qhov chaw hauv qab hauv pem teb, cov nplooj ntawv uas tau muab khi ua ke nrog bituminous mastic. Nws yuav tsum tau tsa mus rau phab ntsa hauv qab daus los ntawm 20 cm thiab glued nrog bitumen. Lub kaum sab xis yog ua tib zoo kaw, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws tsis txhob txiav cov khoom ntawm tag nrho, tab sis kom nws nyob rau hauv folds. Thaum txhim kho cov khoom siv vov tsev, koj yuav tsum tsim lub thawv airtight hauv qab ntawm subfloor. Cov ncej yog kho nrog bitumen thiab npog nrog cov khoom siv vov tsev, uas tau muab tso rau hauv ob peb txheej. Koj muaj peev xwm nqa tawm xws li waterproofing ntawm ib tug ntoo pem teb nyob rau hauv ib tug pobzeb. Cov cuab yeej no nyob rau theem tom ntej muab rau kev txhim kho cov kab teeb hauv pem teb tuab ntawm cov ncej, uas tau kho ua ntej nrog cov ntaub ntawv nkag mus rau cov dej tsis zoo. Cov kab teeb yog tsau rau ntawm cov kev txhawb nqa nrog cov hlau fasteners, cov cav raug ntsia rau ntawm lawv, thiab lub cranial bar yog tsau hauv qab ntawm lawv txhua tus, uas yuav dhau los ua lub hauv paus rau subfloor.
Zaj lus
Txawm li cas los xij koj xaiv cov khoom siv los tiv thaiv cov ntoo hauv pem teb, qhov tseem ceeb yog ua raws li cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, ib qho uas koj tuaj yeem siv koj tus kheej.
