Ib phab ntsa yog cov phab ntsa tsis yog lub hauv paus hauv lub tsev, yog li nws cov thickness yog nyias. Cov txheej txheem thib ob no tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm ntau yam khoom siv.
Gypsum qhob partitions tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam heev. Tab sis ua ntej txhim kho lawv, koj yuav tsum nkag siab txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm, qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom siv no, cov nuances ntawm kev teeb tsa.
Lawv siv rau hauv cov haujlwm ntawm 2-storey tsev. Nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm gypsum thiab lwm yam ntxiv fillers, prefabricated loj-slabs yog tsim. Lawv yog siv rau partitions. Feem ntau, cov qauv no yog siv hauv tsev nrog cov ntoo lossis cov pob zeb ua vaj tse. Yog hais tias cov av noo siab nyob rau hauv chav tsev, ces siv cov phaj ya raws-resistant, uas yog kho nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob.
Ntse
Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm kev faib sab hauv tsim. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum ua kom lawv thev naus laus zis kom raug raws li cov kev xav tau uas tau npaj rau qee qhov chaw. Cov qauv ntsug yog sawv cev los ntawm cov phab ntsa load-bearing thiab partitions. Thawj yog kev txhawb nqa rau cov plag tsev thiablub ru tsev. Lawv qhov chaw nyob hauv lub tsev tau sau meej meej. Lawv muab tso rau ntawm lub hauv paus, thiab hauv pem teb thib ob - ntawm phab ntsa hauv qab no.
Tab sis sab hauv partitions tsis load-bearing. Lawv tau npaj los faib tag nrho qhov chaw sab hauv ntawm lub tsev mus rau hauv cov chav, txawm nyob rau hauv tej yaam num ntawm 2-zaj dab neeg tsev. Lawv yog tsim los ntawm ob qho tib si hnyav thiab cov khoom siv lub teeb. Environmental friendliness, suab rwb thaiv tsev, tsos thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm redevelopment yav tom ntej nyob ntawm lawv. Gypsum qhob partitions tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam heev hauv xyoo tas los no. Txawm hais tias lawv xav tau qee qhov kev paub los teeb tsa.
Gypsum qhob partitions: specifications
Yuav tsum muaj rau cov qauv zoo li hauv qab no:
- Muaj zog thiab ua kom muaj zog. Kev faib sab hauv hauv chav tsev yuav tsum tsis txhob ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau cov neeg nyob hauv chav.
- siv lub neej ntev. Nws yuav tsum sib npaug rau lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho lub tsev.
- Qhov tsis muaj cov kab nrib pleb thiab lwm yam tsis xws luag ntawm qhov chaw thiab hauv cov cheeb tsam uas qhov kev sib faib chav tsev txuas nrog rau lwm cov qauv. Qhov kev xav tau no yog vim muaj ntau yam nas thiab kab tsis pom qhov chaw nyob, thiab cov dej noo tsis sib sau.
Lwm yam xav txog
Ntxiv rau, muaj cov kev cai tshwj xeeb:
- Kev tiv thaiv dej noo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau chav dej faib. Nws yuav tsum tsis pub nkag mus rau hauv cov qauv. Qhov saum npoo yuav tsum tau kho nrog cov dej tsis zoo. Piv txwv li, ua cov cladding waterproofkhoom.
- Rau lub tsev thib ob thiab hauv qab nthab, cov khoom sib faib yuav tsum tau nruab rau ntawm cov kab ntoo yuav tsum yog lub teeb, vim lawv tuaj yeem tiv taus tsawg dua li cov pob zeb ua vaj tse.
- Lub vaj huam sib luag muab faib, uas yuav cais cov cheeb tsam nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias sab hauv, yuav tsum loj heev thiab nrog cov thermal rwb thaiv tsev siab.
- Txhawm rau nteg engineering kev sib txuas lus, cov khoom siv nyob ruaj ruaj nrog cov tuab loj yog siv.
Feem ntau yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj suab nrov ntawm chav tsev. Cov qauv loj heev ua tau zoo nrog qhov no. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj suab nrov.
Gypsum qhob: muaj pes tsawg leeg
Gypsum qhob yog ib qho tshwj xeeb pob zeb uas siv gypsum es tsis yog cov cement li ib txwm khi.
Ua ke nrog xuab zeb (lossis raws li nws hloov), ntau yam organic thiab ntxhia hom fillers yog siv:
- Slag. Nws yog kev pov tseg ntawm kev tsim hlau.
- Ash. Nws yog tau thaum lub sij hawm combustion ntawm ntoo, thee.
- Paj. Nws yog pob zeb sedimentary nrog cov qauv xoob.
- Straw. Nov yog kev ua liaj ua teb.
- Textile rags. Hauv lwm lo lus, cov khaub ncaws uas tsis tsim nyog.
- Khoom ntawv. Khib nyiab.
Tseem muaj cov organic fillers ntawm gypsum qhob blocks yog shavings, sawdust, reeds, cellulose, pov tseg los ntawm kev ua ntawm hemp thiab flax. Mineral fillers yog nthuav av nplaum, pumice,aggloporite, roj slag, xuab zeb, crushed pob zeb ntawm dolomite, granite, limestone, tuff.
Txoj kev sib sau
Vim yog cov khoom siv organic, lub zog ntawm cov khoom siv (hauv compression lossis rupture) raug txo, tab sis tib lub sijhawm nws dhau los ua elastic ntau dua, thiab tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam ntxiv. Vim li no, cov ntsia hlau tuaj yeem raug tsav mus rau hauv gypsum qhob muab faib. Tsis tas li ntawd, ua tsaug rau cov organic fillers, thermal rwb thaiv tsev cov khoom zoo tuaj. Tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, muaj pes tsawg leeg yog nrov heev, uas muaj tsis tau tsuas yog gypsum, tab sis kuj xuab zeb thiab sawdust. Nws yog qhov ruaj khov heev, thev naus laus zis siab heev, muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo thermal rwb thaiv tsev.
Lub zog ntawm gypsum pob zeb yog los ntawm 1100 txog 1500 kg ib cubic meter. m. Kev nqus dej noo yog li ntawm 10 mus rau 25% rau cov khoom siv nrog cov ntxhia ua kua thiab mus txog 65% - nrog cov organic. Raws li kev tiv thaiv te, tom kawg tuaj yeem tiv taus txog li 5 lub voj voog, thiab nrog cov ntxhia ntxiv - txog li 15.
txiaj ntsig
Qhov zoo ntawm gypsum qhob partitions suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
- Lub teeb yuag. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, kev faib ua los ntawm cov khoom siv no tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv pem teb ntoo.
- Lub suab zoo thiab ua haujlwm kub rwb thaiv tsev. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, cov partitions tsis txhob cia txias thiab suab nrov.
- Yooj yim tuav. Piv txwv li, rau chasing peev phab ntsa, koj yuav xav tau ib tug chisel, ib tug rauj. Rau kev txiav, pob zeb diamond log yog siv, thiab rau fittings, ib tug dog dig abrasive yog siv. Tab sis rau cov qauv gypsum, tsuas yog lub teeb rauj thiab chisel txaus. Tsis tas li ntawd, drilling qhov nyob rau hauv papob zeb yog qhov nyuaj tshaj li qhov drilling phab ntsa. Thawj yuav tsum tau pob zeb diamond-coated nozzles, thiab lub thib ob yuav tsum tau ib tug pa hlau xyaum. Vim tias tsis muaj cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, thiab qhov ntom ntawm cov khoom siv tsawg, nws yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm.
Flaws
Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, gypsum qhob partitions kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo. Cov no suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
- txwv tsis pub muaj zog txhua yam. Qhov no yog qhov ntxeev ntawm qhov yooj yim ntawm kev ua cov khoom no. Nws yog vim li no tias nws tsis yog siv los tsim cov phab ntsa peev. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, qhov kev siv ntawm gypsum pob zeb tsuas yog txwv rau cov kev faib tawm uas tsis tau thauj khoom.
- Tsawg noo noo tsis kam. Qhov no yog vim lub zog ntawm gypsum. Vim li no, cov khoom siv tsis tsim nyog rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj hauv chav dej thiab lwm chav nrog cov av noo siab. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom siv tsis yog siv rau kev tsim cov phab ntsa uas muaj kev sib cuag nrog dej.
Cov nuances no yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account ua ntej txhim kho gypsum qhob partitions.
qauv tsim khoom
Thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom, cov qauv zoo yog raws li GOST 9574-90. Los ntawm txoj kev, cov ntaub ntawv no suav hais tias yog Soviet, tab sis tib lub sijhawm nws tau txais yuav tsuas yog nyob rau lub Ib Hlis 1992, thaum lub USSR twb poob lawm.
Yuav ua li cas suav nrog
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm tus qauv no yog raws li hauv qab no:
- Cov ntaub ntawv tswj hwm no siv rau txhua lub vaj huam sib luag uas tau tsim los ntawm gypsum raws li cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv kev tsim kho. Tshwj xeeb, cov ntaub ntawvLawv hais tsis tau tsuas yog gypsum qhob panels, tab sis kuj gypsum-cement-pozzolanic, gypsum-lime-slag, gypsum-slag.
- Yog tias tsis muaj qhov qhib ntawm cov khoom, nws raug cim nrog cov ntawv "PG". Yog hais tias lub qhov yog ua, ces "PGP". Yog tias muaj kev txiav tawm, lub cim yog "PGV".
- Lub xub ntiag ntawm grooves, thawv rau cables, sockets tsis yog nruj me ntsis tswj, tab sis tsuas yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov xwm txheej ntawm kev tsim kho.
- Qhov ntom ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag yuav tsum tsis pub dhau 1100-1500 kg ib cubic meter. m. Cov ntsiab lus noo noo ntawm cov khoom raug tso cai txog li 12% rau cov neeg uas muaj binder yog gypsum, thiab mus txog 14%, qhov twg lwm yam binders.
- Koj tuaj yeem txhim kho cov vaj huam sib luag nrog ntoo. Ob chav tuav yog siv los khi lub contour ntawm cov khoom thiab qhib. Cov ncej yog tsau nrog rails. Rau kev txhawb nqa, conifers mus txog qib peb yog siv. Cov ntoo txiav ntoo kuj raug tso cai. Qhov tshwj xeeb yog cov khoom siv birch, raws li nws muaj peev xwm ua rau lwj. Tab sis cov ntoo tawv tawv tsis tuaj yeem siv rau qis qis ntawm tus ncej. Ntoo noo noo yuav tsum nyob nruab nrab ntawm 22 thiab 40%.
- Hlau mounting loops yog ua nyob rau hauv lub panels. Lawv yog embedded raws tag nrho qhov siab ntawm cov qauv. Qhov chaw ntawm lub loops yog txiav txim los ntawm qhov project. Tab sis panels tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj lawv ntawm qhov kev thov ntawm cov neeg siv khoom. Hauv qhov no, yuav tsum tau tuav tshwj xeeb rau lawv txoj kev thauj mus los.
- Yuav tsum tsis muaj qhov tawg, nti ntawm cov khoom siv rau lub vaj huam sib luag. Qhov tsuas yog qhov tshwj xeeb yog qhov saum npoo, uas qhov dav tsis ntau tshaj 0.5 hli.
- Kev thauj mus los thiab khaws cov vaj huam sib luag nkaus xwb.
tag nrho
suav nrog cov khoom hauv qab no:
- Pab hom - PG, GWP lossis PGV.
- Slab qhov ntev. Sau ntev, qhov siab. Tsim nyob rau hauv decimeters. Yog tias xav tau, hloov mus rau tag nrho cov lej. Cov tuab kuj tau sau tseg, tab sis hauv centimeters.
- Qhob qib. Nws txiav txim siab lub zog compressive ntawm cov khoom.
- Daim ntawv teev npe tag nrho: G - gypsum, GI - gypsum-lime-slag, GS - gypsum-slag, GC - gypsum-cement-pozzolanic.
Pab pawg ntawm cov cim sau los ntawm tus lej.
Tsev tsim khoom
Internal gypsum qhob partitions yog tsim los ntawm ob txoj kev. Ua ntej, lawv yog poured rau hauv lub formwork. Txoj kev no yog siv tsawg heev. Qhov thib ob, koj tuaj yeem sib sau los ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag uas twb tau ua lawm. Qhov kev sib txawv no ntau dua.
Qhov nrov tshaj plaws hauv kev tsim vaj tsev yog cov vaj huam sib luag uas tsim los ntawm gypsum, sawdust thiab xuab zeb, coj mus rau qhov sib npaug. Txoj kev tsim khoom yog nruam molding ntawm lub tshuab dov. Qhov no qhia cov hauv qab no:
- Cov khoom xyaw uas xav tau yog txhaj rau hauv lub thawv sib tov. Nyob ntawd lawv tau hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv homogeneous qhuav pawg.
- Dej ntxiv thiab tus neeg sawv cev tshwj xeeb uas ua rau qeeb txheej txheem ntawm kev teeb tsa gypsum. Feem ntau siv cov kua nplaum tsiaj.
- Cov thav ntawv ua ntej tau muab tso rau ntawm lub tshuab daim kab xev. Cov khoom siv gypsum yog nchuav ncaj qha rau ntawm lub tshuab xa khoom, thiab tom qab ntawd muab faib sib npaug.
- Cov khoom tsim thiab ruaj khov mus rau lub tuam tsev uas lub vaj huam sib luag qhuav. Nyob ntawd nws muaj kev sib cuag nrog flue gases rau ib hnubthiab cua ntawm 130 ° C.
- Tiav thiab qhuav panels raug thauj mus rau lub tsev khaws khoom cia.
Feem ntau, gypsum qhob partitions yog 80-100 mm tuab. Ob chav yog tsim los ntawm cov chav tsev, qhov twg muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm huab cua ntawm 50 mm.
Installation
Yog tias koj nruab partitions nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes, ces siv daim hlau, qhov loj me me.
Cov qauv tsim nrog thaj tsam ntawm ntau qhov square metres tsuas yog nyob rau ntawm theem kev tsim kho, ua ntej cov slabs hauv pem teb thiab lub ru tsev yog tsau. Cov lus qhia ntawm no yog raws li nram no:
- Yog tias tsim nyog, theem lub hauv paus nrog cov cement pad.
- Dab dej tsis sib haum los ntawm yav tom ntej muab faib nrog 2 txheej ntawm cov khoom vov tsev.
- Muab xaj raws cov npoo ntawm qhov muab faib. Cov no yog cov vertically txheej slats nrog cov cim uas sib haum mus rau kab ntawm panels. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum rub lub mooring. Nov yog kab kab rov tav.
- thawj kab ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag qhuav.
- Npaj lub binder rau cov seams. Gypsum yog siv, uas yog ntxiv ib tug neeg sawv cev uas slows down nws qhuav. Txhawm rau sau cov seams, koj tuaj yeem siv npaj ua gypsum plaster lossis sib tov nrog alabaster. Hauv kev xaiv tom kawg, tus nqi ntawm 1 kg ntawm kev daws yuav tsawg dua. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, koj yuav tau siv sij hawm sim nrog kev xaiv ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws piv rau kev teeb tsa cov khoom.
- Sau cov kab ntsug ntsug nrog cov ntawv khi. Nruab armature. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub qaum kab rov tav groove nyob rau hauv lub phab ntsa, ua 2qhov. Tsav cov khoom txhawb zog rau ntawd. Txuas ob peb lub zog rau lawv, kho lawv nrog hlau.
- Muab ib lub plaster mortar rau saum zawj. Nruab kab tom ntej ntawm panels rau nws. Nco ntsoov khi li ntsug seams. Los ntawm kab mus rau kab, lawv yuav tsum hloov li ib feem peb ntawm lawv qhov ntev.
Cov kab hauv qab no yuav tsum tau muab tso rau tib yam.
Txhawm rau txiav gypsum pob zeb, cov kws tshaj lij qhia siv lub tshuab txiav nrog lub pob zeb niaj zaus. Ib lub voj voog, lub jigsaw kuj yuav ua haujlwm. Tab sis lawv plam sai sai.
Zoo kawg
Xaiv gypsum qhob partitions, tus tswv tuaj yeem nco ntsoov qhov kev ntseeg tau ntawm cov qauv tsim. Tab sis muab ntau yam ntawm cov khoom, nws yog thawj zaug pom zoo kom sab laj nrog ib tug kws tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsis tsuas yog muab tswv yim tswv yim ntawm kev yuav khoom, tab sis kuj teb ib lo lus nug ntawm kev txaus siab hais txog lub installation ua hauj lwm.
Tsuas yog tias cov thev naus laus zis tau soj ntsuam, kev tsim kho yuav ruaj khov thiab npaj tau zoo. Los yog cov khoom yuav tsuas yog siv los ua phab ntsa zoo nkauj.
