Lub hauv paus yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lub tsev. Nws yuav tsum tiv taus loads loj. Yuav kom tsim kho lub tsev kom ntseeg tau, nws lub hauv paus yuav tsum muaj zog thiab zoo. Foundation blocks feem ntau siv hauv cov tsev niaj hnub.
Lawv yog tsim los siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, tiv taus cov khoom hnyav thiab ntau yam huab cua.
Cov khoom siv hauv tsev no tuaj yeem siv rov tsim dua yog tias tsis pom kev puas tsuaj.
Dab tsi yog qhov thaiv
Foundation blocks (FBS) yog ib lub pob zeb sib dhos siv hauv kev tsim kho. Feem ntau lawv yog siv rau kev tsim kho phab ntsa, hauv paus, nrog rau hauv qab daus.
Cov khoom siv rau kev tsim khoom yog pob zeb hnyav. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias cov blocks muaj zog yog siv rau kev tsim cov tsev siab.
Nyob rau sab ntawm lub caij muaj kev sib tw nrawm, thiab nyob rau sab saud muaj mountingcov.
FBV (lub hauv paus blocks nrog kev txiav tawm) thiab FBP (blocks nrog voids down) tsis tshua siv hauv kev tsim kho. Lawv tau tsim los rau kev tso cov kev sib tham zais thiab kev sib txuas lus.
Phab ntsa thaiv tuaj yeem ua nrog lub ntsej muag du lossis corrugated. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov xim pleev xim yog siv rau cladding (nrog cov xim tshwj xeeb uas tiv taus huab cua thiab huab cua).
Kev faib tawm
Raws li cov khoom siv, lawv paub qhov txawv:
- brick;
- pob zeb cellular.
Ntiaj teb muaj ntau yam zoo dua qub:
- easy and fast manufacturing;
- siab specification;
- easy to operation;
- nrog me me (vim qhov no, lub nra ntawm lub hauv paus tau txo qis);
- durability.
Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias rau lub hom phiaj sib txawv, koj tuaj yeem xaiv qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm lub hauv paus blocks.
Los ntawm lub hom phiaj, cov ntaub ntawv no muab faib ua:
- Phab ntsa. Qhov kev pom no, nyob rau hauv lem, muab faib mus rau hauv: cov cua ntsawj ntshab, pem hauv ntej, tig (ob-sided).
- Fundamental. Cov khoom no muaj cov qauv tsim tshwj xeeb thiab tsim nyog rau kev npaj txhua yam ntawm lub hauv paus: sawb, columnar, khoom thiab columned.
- Kub-insulating. Lawv muaj ob hom: khov thiab hollow. Cov tom kawg yog cov tswv yim ntau dua, vim tias lawv muaj qhov hnyav thiab thermal conductivity. Cov blocks zoo li no yog qhov zoo rau kev muab kev sib txuas lus zais. Qhov tseem ceeb tsis zooyog txo zog. Qhov nruab nrab thermal conductivity yog 1.15 W / m 2.
Scope of application
Qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm daim ntawv thov yog kev tsim cov hauv paus hauv ntau lub tsev. Rau ib lub tsev, lawv siv tsawg dua (vim qhov hnyav hnyav thiab tus nqi xauj tsev tshwj xeeb).
Qhov qhov ntev ntawm lub hauv paus thaiv cia lawv tso rau hauv ib qho av - ob qho tib si ntub thiab qhuav.
Qhov kev ntseeg tau ntawm tus qauv tsim tso cai rau lawv siv rau hauv thaj chaw uas muaj kev nce seismic.
Nyob ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov thaiv, cov kev daws teeb meem xav tau thiab nws qhov ntau tau raug xaiv.
pob zeb foundation blocks: specifications
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb suav nrog:
- dimensions (LxHxW);
- density;
- kev xaiv tshwj xeeb.
Standard ntev qhov ntev yog raws li nram no: 900, 1200 thiab 2400 hli. Qhov dav txawv ntawm 300 txog 500 hli, thaum qhov siab tsuas yog 300 thiab 60 hli.
Qhov ntom, nrog rau lub zog thiab khov tiv thaiv xa mus rau tag nrho cov khoom lag luam. Cov kev txwv no raug xaiv nyob ntawm qhov chaw thiab lub hom phiaj ncaj qha ntawm cov blocks.
Cov yam ntxwv ntxiv ntawm cov ntawv tseem ceeb yog qhia los ntawm cov ntawv Arabic. Piv txwv li:
- "P" - txo permeability;
- "N" - normal;
- "O" - tshwj xeeb qis.
Qhov ntau thiab tsawg
Qhov hnyav ntawm lub thaiv ncaj qha nyob ntawm nws qhov loj. Piv txwv li, 20 lub hauv paus blocks uas siv los tsimkev tswj hwm, kev lag luam thiab lwm qhov chaw loj, hnyav 31 kg 700 g.
Ua tsaug rau cov yam ntxwv no, cov nqi pib ntawm kev tsim kho tau txo qis, thiab cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb tsis tas yuav siv rau kev thauj mus los.
Ib lub pallet ntawm cov blocks nrog cov ntsuas no hnyav tsis pub ntau tshaj ob tons. Qhov no tso cai rau koj siv manipulators rau unloading.
Cov thaiv thaiv, uas ntev txog 240 cm, tuaj yeem hnyav ntawm 310 kg txog 2 tons.
Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias rau qee hom tsev muaj hlau pwm rau cov blocks ntxiv. Qhov siab tom kawg yog 300 mm.
Qhov tseem ceeb! Ua ntej tsim ib qhov project, koj yuav tsum hu rau cov kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb los xyuas cov av hauv av, acidity, sediment, thiab lwm yam. Nyob ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tau txais, cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog tshaj plaws ntawm qhov loj thiab lwm yam ntxwv raug xaiv.
Tsis tas li, ua ntej yuav khoom ib pawg, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov ntawv pov thawj thiab lub koob npe nrov ntawm lub tuam txhab, vim tias cov blocks tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua rau lub tsev puas tsuaj lossis raug mob rau cov neeg ua haujlwm.
block marking txhais li cas
Lub cim qhia luv luv hais tias:
- block saib;
- geometric tsis;
- nta ntxiv.
Piv txwv li, lub hauv paus thaiv FBS 24 yog deciphered raws li nram no:
- FBS yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev thaiv;
- 24 - khoom ntev (hauv dm).
Yog tias tsab ntawv T tau qhia nyob rau ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub cim, cov pob zeb hnyav tau ua cov khoom siv rau kev tsim khoom. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, rau cov pob zeb zoo tib yam, qhov ceev yuav yog 220 kg / m 3, thiab rau silicate lossis nthuav av nplaum pob zeb - 2000 thiab 1800 kg / m 3feem.
Tus lej kawg qhia txog pab pawg ntawm cov kabmob siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom. Cov pab pawg hauv qab no yog qhov txawv:
- thawj - txog 1.5 kgf / cm 2;
- second - mus txog 2.5 kgf/cm2;
- thib peb - txog 3.5 kgf / cm 2;
- plaub - txog 4.5 kgf/cm2.
FBS txiaj ntsig
Ntawm qhov zoo ntawm kev siv cov pob zeb hauv paus hauv kev tsim kho yog:
- Qu erection. Ntawm lub hauv paus thaiv, koj tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv kev tsim kho tam sim tom qab nws tau nteg tawm. Rau kev sib piv, tom qab nchuav ib lub monoblock, koj yuav tsum tau tos li 30 hnub kom txog thaum nws solidifies kiag li.
- Kev ntseeg siab. Kev tsim cov khoom siv hauv tsev no yog automated tag nrho. Yog li ntawd, kev sib yuav ntawm cov blocks yog tsawg heev.
- Sustainability. FBS tuaj yeem siv tau rau ntau yam kev mob - thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom, impurities raug ntxiv rau cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, uas muab kev tiv thaiv rau huab cua tsis zoo. Tseem muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv acid.
- Yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa. Cov ntaub ntawv zoo ib yam nkaus, nrog rau qhov muaj qhov kawg grooves thiab loops, ua kom yooj yim rau txheej txheej txheej txheej.
- Versatility. Cov ntaub ntawv no tsim nyog rau kev tsim kho ntawm ob lub tsev me thiab ntau lub tsev.
Raws li GOST,foundation blocks yuav tsum muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
- lub neej ua haujlwm ntev (tsawg kawg 50 xyoo);
- hluav taws kub;
- siab zog (kwv yees 100–110 kg / cm) thiab ntom (kwv yees li 2400 kg/m 3);
- tawm tsam rau qhov tsis zoo sab nraud thiab Frost tsis kam;
- dej resistant.
Qhov tseem ceeb! Blocks tsis tawg thaum raug compression quab yuam B 12.5.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub hauv paus los ntawm FSB
Qhov tsis zoo yog:
- Qhov xav tau rau rwb thaiv tsev ntawm tus kheej seams. Rau qhov no, polystyrene ua npuas ncauj feem ntau yog siv.
- Nqis. Tus nqi siab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev xauj khoom tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem txwv tus neeg yuav khoom xaiv.
- Nyob rau masonry waterproofing.
Txhim kho lub hauv paus blocks
Txhawm rau tsim lub hauv paus sawb koj yuav xav tau:
- waterproofing;
- pob zeb mix;
- xuab zeb rau lub hauv paus cushion;
- blocks;
- cuab yeej: shovel, crowbar, trowel, thiab lwm yam;
- qib thiab qib;
- steel hlau;
- roulette;
- khoom siv: pob zeb sib tov, kev tsim kho crane (hauv qhov tshwj xeeb).
Kev txhim kho yog ua los ntawm kev txiav txim tshwj xeeb:
- Ua ntej, lawv npaj cov qag thiab lub trench.
- Tom ntej, pib tsim lub hauv ncoo. Ua li no, xuab zeb yog poured (nyob rau hauv me me txheej) thiab compacted zoo. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, lub thickness ntawm txheej yuav tsum yog los ntawm 5 mus rau 10 cm, thiab qhov dav yuav tsum yog li ntawm 30 cm ntau tshaj lub hauv paus. Tus nqiNco ntsoov tias xuab zeb, pob zeb crushed thiab bitumen yog siv rau lub hauv paus columnar.
- Tom qab lub hauv qab yog npaj txhij, qhov tsim nyog (ua ntej xam) qhov ntev yog muab tso tseg. Ntawm cov ntsiab lus tswj, cov pins raug teeb tsa, uas yog sib cuam tshuam los ntawm ib txoj hlua. Nws yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov deb ntawm 2-3 hli ntawm lub hauv paus blocks (FBS).
- Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog txhawm rau nruab beacon blocks. Lawv muab tso rau hauv cov ces kaum ntawm lub tsev yav tom ntej. Qhov zoo ntawm tag nrho lub tsev nyob ntawm qhov chaw tso cai ntawm cov blocks.
- Tom qab tso thawj kab, txoj kab mooring tau nce mus rau sab sauv, thiab ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv.
Qhov tseem ceeb! Dimensional tolerances yog 10mm.
Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb yog nteg tawm ntawm ib txheej ntawm mortar. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub crane slings tsis tau nqa mus txog thaum lub thaiv nyob rau hauv txoj haujlwm raug. Qhov tsis sib xws rau kev sib txuas lus tau raug tso tseg raws li qhov project.
Lub hauv paus tiav yuav tsum tau npog nrog ob txheej ntawm cov dej tsis zoo. Cov theem kawg yog kev tsim cov kav dej thiab qhov chaw siab ntawm lub tsev.
Tau 2-3 hnub (nyob ntawm huab cua) ua ntej pib ua phab ntsa.
Yuav ua li cas ua phab ntsa nrog blocks
Phab ntsa tuaj yeem tso tawm tsuas yog tom qab kev kuaj xyuas zoo ntawm lub hauv paus. Ib txheej txheej ntawm mortar yog kis rau nws.
Cov ntaub ntawv phab ntsa kuj raug cim nrog cov ntawv thiab tus lej. Piv txwv li, FBS 4 foundation thaiv txhais tau hais tias nws yog phab ntsa thaiv, thiab qhov dav nominal yog 4 dm.
Ua ntej nteg tawm, kos cov axes, ciam teb thiab kholawv ntawm lub hauv paus. Kev kos npe yog nqa tawm siv ntau yam cuab yeej: geodesic thiab hlau.
Kev teeb tsa nws tus kheej pib nrog kev teeb tsa ntawm beacons ntawm kev daws teeb meem. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias qhov thaiv tsis raug raug muab tshem tawm, ntxuav, thiab rov nruab dua.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev daws teeb meem yuav tsum tau teev tseg hauv qhov project.
Yog tsis muaj hinges ntawm lub thaiv, nws yog mounted siv tuav. Lub vas tiv thaiv yuav tsum muab txuas rau hauv qab no.
txheej txheem ntawm kev tso cib hauv paus blocks yog tib yam li saum toj no.
Kev nyab xeeb thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov blocks
Raws li GOST, lub hauv paus thaiv yog tsim los ntawm ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg thiab muaj qhov hnyav loj. Muab cov xwm txheej no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb thaum ua haujlwm tsim kho thiab cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm.
Crane tau teeb tsa rau ntawm thaj chaw nyab xeeb thiab hauv av uas tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam. Crane ob txhais ceg yuav tsum tsis txhob muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw tawg lossis ze ntawm ntug kev khawb.
Tag nrho pab pawg tau qhia los ntawm tus thawj coj ua ntej pib ua haujlwm. Cov kws tshaj lij uas tsis tau paub txog cov cai tsis raug tso cai ua haujlwm.
Thaum npaj kev tsim kho, huab cua thiab lub caij yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account. Nyob ntawm cov kev txwv no, tus naj npawb ntawm cov sijhawm ua haujlwm raug xaiv.
