Rau cov neeg nyob deb ntawm cov kws tshaj lij hluav taws xob, lub tsev lossis chav tsev ntaub thaiv npog tsis muaj dab tsi ntau tshaj li lub thawv nrog qee yam khoom siv, ib lub 'meter' thiab xov hlau. Tsis yog txhua tus nkag siab tias nws yog rau dab tsi. Lub vaj huam sib luag hluav taws xob yog ib qho nyuaj thiab txaus ntshai. Txhawm rau tsim kom zoo thiab sib sau ua ke, koj yuav tsum tsis tsuas yog muaj kev paub ntau, tab sis kuj muaj kev paub dhau los.
Siv intro
Nws tsim nyog hais txog ob peb lub ntsiab lus uas yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej pib sib sau ua ke daim duab thaiv vaj tse:
- Create a wiring project.
- Xaiv qhov chaw mounting.
- Xaiv lub tswv yim rau kev sib sau ua ke.
- Txoj kev muaj peev xwm los xaiv lub hull. Nws tuaj yeem yog yas lossis hlau, hinged lossis recessed.
- Kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom.
- Kev txhim kho cov cuab yeej.
- Txoj kev sib txuas ntawm cov ntaub thaiv npog rau lub hwj chim cables.
Thov nco ntsoov tias txawm tias qhov yuam kev me me tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siabqhov tshwm sim, mus txog qhov ua tsis tiav ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev, nrog rau hluav taws hauv tsev.
Qhov twg rau nruab daim thaiv
Ua ntej koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab qhov twg nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los tso lub switchboard. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau muab tso ncaj qha rau ntawm lub qhov rooj. Yog tias nws tau nruab rau hauv txoj kev hauv tsev, koj tsis tas yuav rub lub hwj chim cable los ntawm kev tsaws. Hais txog qhov siab, nws raug nquahu kom cov ntaub thaiv npog nyob rau tib theem li qhov muag ntawm tus neeg laus. Qhov no yuav ua rau nws yooj yim rau kev nyeem ntawv, nrog rau tua cov tshuab yog tias nws yuav tsum tau ua tam sim ntawd.
Yog tias koj xav txhim kho txhua yam hauv qab lub qab nthab, ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb, zoo li koj tau ua dhau los, ces koj yuav tsum xav txog qhov no. Yav dhau los, hluav taws xob ntsuas nrog fuse plugs tau ntsia ncaj qha rau ntawm phab ntsa, lawv tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm lub thawv. Yog vim li ntawd nws thiaj li tsim nyog rau kev nyab xeeb kom tso rau hauv qab lub qab nthab, kom deb ntawm cov menyuam yaus.
Cov qauv tsim niaj hnub ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj cov ntaub ntawv muaj zog heev thiab raug kaw, yog li cov menyuam yaus, txawm tias lawv xav tau, yuav tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv. Tshwj tsis yog, tau kawg, koj tso cov yuam sij rau hauv qhov chaw pom tseeb. Thaum xaiv qhov chaw teeb tsa, nws yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account yuav ua li cas thiab qhov twg lub cable los ntawm cov khoom siv yuav raug teeb tsa.
Muas lossis ua koj tus kheej?
Hnub no, tsis yog qhov tsim nyog los ua cov ntaub thaiv ntawm koj tus kheej, koj tuaj yeem yuav cov khoom npaj tau, thiab nrog txhua yam khoom. Ntawm kev muag khoom muaj ntau cov ntaub thaiv npog ntawm tus qauv tsim. Yog tias lawv tsis haum rau koj, ces koj tuaj yeem xaj kom tsim khoom ntawm lub thawv uas yuav ua tau raws li koj qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Tab sis ib yam yuav tsum tau qhia meej.
Kuaj xyuas seb tus kws hluav taws xob uas koj ntiav ua haujlwm puas tau npaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua ntej. Yog tias qhov no yog nws thawj txoj haujlwm, ces nws raug pom zoo kom yuav lub thawv thiab tag nrho nws cov khoom sib cais. Hauv qhov no, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub ntsiab yog qis dua.
Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov hluav taws xob vaj huam sib luag
Cov khoom siv hauv qab no tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov tsim ntawm ib kab kab kos ntawm ib chav tsev ntaub thaiv npog:
- Lub ntsiab Circuit Court breaker, uas tso cai rau koj los tiv thaiv tag nrho cov xaim hluav taws xob hauv chav tsev, muab tso rau ntawm qhov pib. Cov xov hlau los ntawm cov khoom siv cable txuas nrog nws. Heev feem ntau, kom yooj yim, tshwj xeeb riam keyboards raug ntsia. Nrog lawv cov kev pab, koj tuaj yeem de-energize tag nrho lub tsev thiaj li hloov tau qee yam khoom. Lub hwj chim cable yog thawj zaug txuas mus rau qhov hloov pauv, thiab los ntawm nws mus rau cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob.
- Cov ntsuas hluav taws xob tau teeb tsa tom qab lub tshuab nkag, nws tso cai rau koj los tswj kev siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev thiab tsev. Heev feem ntau, lub txee yog ntsia nyias, piv txwv li, ntawm qhov chaw.
- Ntaus rau kev tiv thaiv kaw. Nws pab tiv thaiv hluav taws xob poob siab, thiab tiv thaiv hluav taws. Nws yog ib qho ua tau rau nruab ob qho tib si ib qho khoom siv, ncaj qha tom qab lub ntsuas hluav taws xob, thiabqee. Feem ntau ob peb daim yog ntsia yog hais tias cov kab muaj ib tug loj zog noj. Piv txwv li, lawv tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws, cua txias, qhov cub hluav taws xob.
- Linear Circuit Court breakers. Lawv tso cai rau koj los tiv thaiv tus kheej kab hauv ntau chav, nrog rau cov teeb pom kev zoo thiab lub zog hluav taws xob rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Lawv muaj peev xwm ua txhaum lub voj voog yog tias muaj overcurrent lossis luv luv. Nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim ntawm peb-theem chav tsev ntaub thaiv npog, lawv kuj tau siv, tab sis muaj ib qho txawv - tus naj npawb ntawm cov terminals rau kev twb kev txuas yog ntau dua.
- Cov tshuab tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem ntsia tsis yog RCDs thiab cov kab tawm. Lawv ua, qhov tseeb, kev ua haujlwm ntawm ob lub cuab yeej no.
- Rail yog qhov tsim nyog txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho cov khoom siv. Nws yog tsau rau ntawm phab ntsa tom qab ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag hluav taws xob. Nyob ntawm qhov ntev ntawm lub txee, koj tuaj yeem nruab ib tus lej sib txawv. Raws li, qhov no cuam tshuam rau tus naj npawb ntawm modules mounted hauv daim ntaub thaiv. Yog tias koj tsis xav ua yuam kev nrog kev yuav cov ntaub ntawv, ces kos daim duab thaiv ua ntej.
- Tires rau kev sib txuas. Lawv yog qhov tsim nyog txhawm rau txhawm rau txuas thiab txuas cov xoom ua haujlwm thiab cov xaim hauv av. Lub vaj huam sib luag hluav taws xob siv tsheb npav-terminals rau xoom, nrog rau hauv av. Distribution busbars tau teeb tsa txhawm rau txuas cov kab hluav taws xob automata, sib txawv automata, cov khoom siv tam sim no.
Daim duab kab tsis muaj av
thawj qhov ua yog kos ib daim duab qhia ntxaws. Cov kab lus muab cov kab kos rau ntawm 380 V thiab 220 V cov ntaub thaiv npog.hauv av, ces qhov kev sib txuas yuav txawv me ntsis. Rau ib chav tsev, koj tuaj yeem siv qhov kev xaiv yooj yim tshaj plaws los ua daim ntaub thaiv. Nws tsim yuav suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
- Case thiab din-rails.
- Electric meter.
- tshuab Bipolar, ntsuas rau 32 A.
- Residual tam sim no ntaus ntawv.
- 16A ib tus ncej Circuit Court breakers rau lub qhov (socket), teeb pom kev zoo thiab tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws.
- Zero PEN tsheb npav yuav tsum tau cais kev tiv thaiv thiab xoom.
Yuav kom cov xaim no ua haujlwm zoo rau yav tom ntej, cov neeg ua haujlwm nruab nrab thiab kev tiv thaiv hauv lub tsheb npav yuav tsum tau sib cais, txawm tias tsis muaj lub voj hauv av.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv lub zog hluav taws xob hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm xoom burnout, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ntxiv tshwj xeeb voltage tswj relays. Nws yuav ua haujlwm yog tias lub rwb thaiv tsev tawg dhau thiab qhov nruab nrab thiab theem xov hlau kov. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, tus relay yuav ua txhaum lub circuits thiab tiv thaiv cov khoom siv hauv tsev los ntawm kev puas tsuaj. Yog tias chav tsev muaj ntau dua ib chav, cov tswv yim zoo li no tuaj yeem nthuav dav mus rau qhov yuav tsum tau muaj cov kab hluav taws xob tawg.
Yog tias cov khoom siv hauv tsev loj, xws li lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws lossis lub tshuab ntxuav tais diav, txuas nrog lub qhov hluav taws xob, nws raug nquahu kom nruab ob-ncej cov khoom siv tam sim no ntxiv. Koj yuav ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb siab txawm tias tsis muaj kab hauv av.
Thaum av
Nyob hauv qhov ntawdYog tias koj nyob hauv ib lub tsev tshiab lossis hloov cov khoom siv cable hauv qhov nkag thiab nruab lub voj voog hauv av, ces cov tswv yim yuav txawv me ntsis. Ua piv txwv, dua, coj ib chav tsev nyob rau hauv uas lub qhov cub hluav taws xob tau teeb tsa.
Ua daim thaiv koj yuav xav tau cov khoom hauv qab no:
- Plastic vaj tsev nrog ob lub din rails.
- Bipolar Circuit Court breaker ntsuas ntawm 40 A.
- Ib-theem hluav taws xob ntsuas.
- Residual tam sim no ntaus ntawv. Daim duab sib txuas ntawm cov ntaub thaiv tsev nrog RCD yog tib yam li tsis muaj nws.
- Bipolar 16A pob hloov pauv, 25A xav tau rau lub qhov cub hluav taws xob.
- tsheb npav hauv av thiab nruab nrab.
- Txhawm rau txuas cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, koj yuav xav tau Comb busbar.
Yog tias chav tsev muaj ntau chav thiab cov kab hluav taws xob, tag nrho cov cuab yeej muaj zog yuav tsum tau nruab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ntxiv. Nws raug nquahu kom siv bipolar.
Yuav ua li cas sib sau cov ntaub thaiv npog hauv chav tsev - cov lus qhia
Tam sim no ncaj qha txog qhov kev txiav txim ntawm kev sib dhos ntawm cov ntaub thaiv npog. Txhua txoj haujlwm tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob theem - npaj thiab loj.
Theem npaj muaj xws li nram qab no manipulations:
- Tshuaj xyuas qhov ua tiav ntawm cov ntaub thaiv npog.
- Nruab rooj plaub hauv qhov chaw xaiv ua ntej.
- Npaj cov kab hluav taws xob rau kev sib txuas. Tshem cov rwb thaiv tsev sab saum toj, xyuas cov xim coding thiab tag nrho cov cim.
theem tseem ceeb
theem tseem ceeb suav nrog:
- Ua ntej nruab lub riam hloov (yog tias muaj).
- Mount the introductory circuit breaker.
- Teem lub xoom bar thiab txuas cov xov hlau ua haujlwm rau nws. Tab sis tsuas yog tsuas yog cov kab uas yuav txuas nrog RCD.
- Mount lub ntsuas hluav taws xob yog tias koj npaj yuav muab tso rau hauv chav tsev.
- Nruab ib qho RCD.
- Mount thiab txuas linear automata raws theem xaim. Ua ntej, mount lawv rau ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau, ces txuas lawv nrog lub tsheb npav lossis lub jumper. Kev sib txuas yog ua los ntawm cov terminals sab saud, qhov qis dua yog xav tau los txuas cov xov hlau thauj khoom.
- Nruab thiab txuas cov kab RCDs rau txhua pawg hauv chav uas muaj av noo siab. Ua raws li kev teeb tsa ntawm daim thaiv vaj tsev.
- Nruab lub ntiaj teb tiv thaiv thiab txuas tag nrho cov PE xov hlau los ntawm cov khoom thauj mus rau nws.
- Tom qab txuas thiab txuas tag nrho cov khoom sib txuas nrog ib leeg, nrog N thiab PE busbars, thauj khoom xaim, koj tuaj yeem nkag mus rau lub zog cable los ntawm daim ntaub thaiv hauv qhov nkag.
- Cov theem tseem ceeb thiab xoom ib qho yuav tsum tau txuas nrog lub Circuit Court breaker, yog tias muab. Los yog mus rau lub tshuab ntawm lub tswv yim. Tus neeg xyuas pib PE yuav tsum tau coj ncaj qha mus rau lub npav tiv thaiv nruj me ntsis raws li cov tswv yim ntawm cov ntaub thaiv tsev.
- Tom qab txuas lub hwj chim cable, cov neeg sib cuag ntawm lub tshuab nkag thiab lub davhlau ya nyob twg ntawm lub ntsuas yuav tsum raug kaw tam sim. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm tus neeg soj ntsuam ntawm lub koom haum muab hluav taws xob.
Ua ntej qhibib rab riam hloov rau muab qhov hluav taws xob, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xyuas txhua yam khoom siv, fasteners ntawm cables, hu, yog tias tsim nyog, ncab txhua yam. Cov chains raug hu thiab ntsuas qhov kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv. Yog tias txhua yam nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim, ib qho kev ntsuas hluav taws xob tuaj yeem siv rau hauv daim ntaub thaiv npog thiab kev ntsuas kev ntsuas tuaj yeem qhib los xyuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov ntaub thaiv tsev.
