Tam sim no, ntau pua xyoo dhau los, pob zeb tseem yog cov khoom siv ntau tshaj plaws rau kev tsim kho. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev tsim kho vaj tse - los ntawm kev kho loj mus rau kev tsim vaj tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau ua txhua yam haujlwm, thawj kauj ruam yog xam cov khoom siv uas xav tau, suav nrog nws cov yam ntxwv. Piv txwv li, cov neeg tsim khoom feem ntau ntsib txoj haujlwm ntawm kev txiav txim siab qhov hnyav ntawm nws lub cubic meter. Yog li no, tsab xov xwm no tau mob siab rau cov lus nug ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm 1 m3 ntawm pob zeb yog dab tsi.
Dab tsi txiav txim siab qhov loj ntawm pob zeb
Ua ntej tshaj, nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias cov neeg tsim khoom tsis siv xws li "kev nqus tshwj xeeb ntawm pob zeb." Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias cov khoom siv hauv tsev no tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam khoom sib txawv nrog qhov hnyav sib txawv.
Yog li, raws li kev muab tub lim siv tau:
• pob zeb crushed.
• Gravel.
• Ncua av nplaum thiab lwm yam. Txawm tias tib qho kev sib xyaw yog siv rau kev npaj cov pob zeb, qhov hnyav ntawm 1 m3 ntawm pob zeb yuav txawv hauvrooj plaub, yog hais tias tus muab tub lim muaj ntau feem. Qhov loj dua qhov me me, qhov voids ntau hauv cov khoom thiab, raws li, qhov me me nws loj.
Tab sis cov neeg tsim khoom tseem nyiam cov yam ntxwv hnyav, txij li ntau yam ntawm cov khoom raug tua nyob ntawm tus nqi ntawm qhov ntsuas no. Piv txwv li, raws li cov ntaub ntawv no, qhov hnyav yog xam thiab hom ntawm lub hauv paus raug xaiv rau ntau hom av. Tib yam siv tau rau lwm cov khoom siv thauj khoom.
Hauv kev xyaum, cov neeg tsim khoom siv qhov ntsuas hu ua "volumetric hnyav". Tab sis tus yam ntxwv no tsis muaj nqi tas li. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov hnyav ntawm cov kua siv hauv kev npaj cov tshuaj yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account hauv kev suav.
Ntau yam pob zeb
Raws li hom kev sib khi, cov khoom siv hauv tsev no tau muab faib ua cov cement, silicate, slag-alkaline, asph alt pob zeb, thiab lwm yam. Ordinary qhob (rau kev tsim kho pej xeem thiab kev lag luam), tshwj xeeb (txoj kev, kho kom zoo nkauj, tshav kub-insulating, hydraulic) thiab cov hom phiaj tshwj xeeb (tshuaj-tiv taus, suab-absorbing, tshav kub-resistant, tiv thaiv hluav taws xob nuclear thiab lwm yam).
yam ntxwv ntawm pob zeb
Compressive lub zog yog siv los ua qhov taw qhia tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua vaj tse. Cov yam ntxwv no txiav txim siab hauv chav kawm ntawm pob zeb, cim nrog tsab ntawv "B" (Latin) thiab cov lej qhia (hauv kg / sq.cm) qhov tso cai thauj khoom. Piv txwv li, tus nqi B25 qhia tias chav kawm ntawm pob zeb no yog tsim los rau kev thauj khoom ntawm 25 kg / sq.cm. Thaum xam qhov ntsuas lub zog ntawm cov qauv, ib tug yuav tsumxav txog cov coefficient. Piv txwv li: ib tug qauv ua los ntawm B25 chav kawm ntawv pob zeb nrog ib tug variation coefficient ntawm 13.5 feem pua yog muaj peev xwm tiv taus ib tug load ntawm 327 kg / sq. cm, thiab qhov no yog sib npaug rau M350 lub zog qib. Cov chav kawm muaj zog B3, 5 sib raug rau qib M50, B10 - M150, B30 - M400, thiab B60 - M800.
Frost tsis kam, khoov lub zog thiab dej tsis kam yog lwm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov pob zeb. Frost tsis kam yog qhia los ntawm tsab ntawv "F" thiab tus lej ntawm 50 mus rau 500, qhia txog tus naj npawb ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm khov mus rau thawing thiab rov qab tias cov pob zeb yuav tiv taus. Qhov ntsuas dej tsis kam siv tsab ntawv "W" thiab tus lej los ntawm 2 txog 12, uas qhia txog cov dej siab uas cov qauv ntawm qib pob zeb no nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub tog raj kheej yuav tiv taus.
Kev txiav txim siab hnyav
Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov hnyav ntawm lub pob zeb yog txhais hauv SNiP No. II-3. Cov qauv no qhia txog qhov kwv yees qhov hnyav ntawm cov pob zeb ntau yam nyob ntawm seb hom ntawm nws cov aggregate. Nws muaj ib lub rooj ntawm qhob qhov hnyav, los ntawm qhov koj tuaj yeem pom tias cov khoom siv pob zeb muaj zog yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov hnyav (kg / m3) ntawm 2500, pob zeb siv cov muab tub lim hauv daim ntawv gravel lossis crushed pob zeb - 2400, nthuav av nplaum. pob zeb raws li nthuav av nplaum xuab zeb - 500-1800, raws li perlite xuab zeb - 800-1000. Nyob rau hauv lem, aerated qhob yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm ib tug volumetric hnyav ntawm 300-1000 kg / m3. Lawm, qhov hnyav ntawm 1 m3 ntawm pob zeb yog kwv yees, tab sis cov ntaub ntawv no yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev suav cov hom phiaj. Tom qab tag nrho, tsis muaj kev suav yuav ua kom cov ntaub ntawv raug txog li ob peb kilograms.
pob zeb hnyav nyob ntawm nws qib
Cov neeg tsim khoom feem ntau txiav txim siab qhov hnyav ntawm 1 m3 ntawm pob zeb nyob ntawm hom. Nws hom hnyav yog yam ntxwv los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv suav hauv qab no. Qhov hnyav ntawm M200 pob zeb yog 2430 kg / m3. Rau qib M100, tus nqi ntawm 2495 kg / m3 tuaj yeem siv. Qhov hnyav ntawm pob zeb M300 yog 2390, thiab rau qib M400 thiab M500, koj tuaj yeem coj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm 2375 thiab 2300 kg / m3, raws li.
Yog li, qhov muaj nuj nqis uas tau muab rau hauv tsab xov xwm tuaj yeem siv rau kwv yees engineering suav hauv kev tsim kho thiab tsim ua haujlwm.
