Yam yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm ob-, peb-storey lub teb chaws lub tsev thiab tsev yog, ntawm chav kawm, ib lub staircase. Ntawm chav kawm, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los sib sau ua ke nqa cov qauv ntawm ntau yam no hauv txoj hauv kev uas lawv muaj kev nyab xeeb li sai tau rau kev txav ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv tsev. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, txhua tus staircase interfloor yuav tsum muaj lub hauv paus ruaj khov.
Txoj kev zoo ntawm cov ntoo tiav
Kosoura, bowstrings thiab cov kauj ruam ntawm cov ntaiv feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov ntoo thiab cov laug cam. Tab sis, tau kawg, hlau kuj tuaj yeem siv rau lub hom phiaj no. Qhov zoo ntawm steel stairs muaj ntau yam. Cov qauv ntawm hom no yog qhov txawv los ntawm kev muaj zog ntxiv thiab lub neej ua haujlwm ntev tshaj plaws. Tab sis nrog ntau qhov zoo, cov ntaiv hlau muaj ib qho teeb meem loj heev. Hmoov tsis zoo, lawv tsis zoo li ntxim nyiam.
Koj tuaj yeem kho qhov xwm txheej no yooj yim los ntawm kev ua tiav cov ntaiv hlau nrog ntoo. Hlau marches thiab railings sheathed nyob rau hauv no txoj kev, nrog rau txoj kev mus rau lub lag luam, tig tawm mus ua heev stylish thiab presentable. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntoo sheathing ntawm cov ntaiv muaj thiablwm qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb. Cov hlau qhov chaw ntawm lub peb hlis ntuj thiab railings them nrog boards yuav tsis xeb nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej.
Feem ntau, cov ntoo ua tiav nrog kev nqa cov tsev hauv tsev welded los ntawm cov ces kaum thiab cov kab. Tab sis yog tias koj xav tau, hnub no koj tuaj yeem yuav npaj ua lub Hoobkas hlau thav ntawv rau cov ntaiv nrog ntoo tiav. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom zoo li no pheej yig thiab tau teeb tsa los ntawm kev siv tshuab yooj yim heev.
xaiv khoom
Staircase ntawm ib lub thav duab hlau nrog cov kauj ruam ntoo, yog li, nws yuav zoo nkauj heev thiab tig tawm kom ruaj. Tab sis tau kawg, qhov kev tsim no yuav tsis xav tau kev kho lub sijhawm ntev xwb yog tias xaiv cov ntaub ntawv raug rau sheathing.
Ntoo ua kom tiav kev taug kev thiab railings tuaj yeem yuav yuav luag txhua hom. Tab sis nws tseem suav hais tias hardwood ntawm hom no zoo dua rau kev ua haujlwm zoo li no. Kev thauj khoom ntawm tus ntaiv thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev feem ntau yog qhov hnyav. Yog li ntawd, softwood sheathing, feem ntau yuav, yuav sai sai no yuav siv tsis tau yav tom ntej. Cov boards zoo li no tsuas yog pib hnav thaum lub sijhawm.
Cov ntoo uas tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau kev ua tiav ntaiv yog ntoo qhib, beech, tshauv, larch. Xws li ntoo yog, ntawm chav kawm, kim heev. Yog li ntawd, raws li ib qho kev xaiv rau ib tug hlau staircase, koj muaj peev xwm siv ib tug ua ke ntoo sheathing. Treads thiab interfloor platforms nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog tiav nrog cov khoom lumber. Qhov kawg thiab risers yog sheathed nrog cov ntoo mos - ntoo thuv los yog, piv txwv li, spruce.
Tau kawg, nws raug tso cai siv cov ntoo kab txawv rau kev ua tiav hlau ntaiv. Nws tuaj yeem yog, piv txwv li, wenge, teak, thiab lwm yam. Kev ua tiav hauv qhov no yuav kim heev. Tab sis cov staircase sheathed nrog cov laug cam kuj yuav zoo li khov thiab nthuav tau li sai tau.
Dab tsi yuav tsum yog qhov zoo ntawm cov laug cam
Sheathe hlau ntaiv, tau kawg, koj tsuas yog xav tau cov ntoo kom qhuav. Cov av noo ntawm cov boards xaiv rau lub hom phiaj no yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 12-18%. Ntawm chav kawm, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav ntoo yam tsis muaj kab nrib pleb, ntau cov pob txha thiab qhov chaw rotten kom tiav cov hlau ncej ntawm cov ntaiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, ua ntej pib ua cov txheej txheem, cov laug cam yuav tsum tau kho nrog tshuaj tua kab mob.
Ua ntej txiav cov ntoo yuav, txawm tias lawv cov dej noo tsis tshaj 18%, koj yuav tsum tau muab nws qhuav rau hauv qhov chaw tsaus rau ob peb lub hlis. Txwv tsis pub, tom qab sheathing cov qauv ntawm cov ntaiv, cov laug cam yuav twist. Qhov no yuav ua rau lawv tawg, creaking, deterioration ntawm cov tsos ntawm lub peb hlis ntuj thiab railings.
Tsim
Ntoo luas rau ntawm ib tug hlau staircase yuav saib txaus nyiam nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub. Koj muaj peev xwm sheathe li no:
- pab;
- risers;
- platforms;
- railing;
- txhawb nqa ncej.
Tab sis tau kawg, tus ntoo yuav tsum xub txiav kom raug. Ua qhov noUa tib zoo ua kom zoo li qhov ua tau, ua ntej koj yuav tsum ua cov qauv nrog kev ua raws nraim ntawm qhov ntev ntawm cov sheathed ntsiab ntawm cov ntaiv.
Txiav yuav tsum tau ua kom txhua qhov ntoo ntawm sheathing tom qab sib txuas kom nruj li sai tau. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, lub staircase ntoo yuav saib zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj.
Yuav ua li cas cov cuab yeej yuav tsum
Sawing ntoo thaum txiav tiav, tau kawg, feem ntau yog siv lub hacksaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, txoj haujlwm no tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Koj yuav xav tau sheathing ib tug hlau staircase nrog boards thiab cov cuab yeej xws li:
- rauj;
- screwdriver;
- level;
- tus pas ntsuas, square thiab daim kab xev ntsuas;
- bolts, yawm sij.
Nws raug nquahu kom kho cov thav duab hlau ntawm cov ntaiv hauv qab hauv ob sab phlu nrog ntoo ua ntej nrog tus neeg sawv cev uas tiv thaiv corrosion. Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws yog, ntawm chav kawm, pleev xim rau cov hlau nrog enamel siv txhuam tsis tu ncua.
step-by-step sheathing ntawm cov hlau ncej ntawm cov ntaiv nrog ntoo
Ua kom tiav cov kev nqa tsev hauv ob peb kauj ruam. Ua ntej, cov treads thiab risers yog sheathed. Tom qab ntawd cov kev txhawb nqa yog trimmed - bowstrings thiab stringers. Thaum kawg, lub railing thiab handrail yog lined.
tseem ceeb
Stairs ntawm ib lub thav duab hlau nrog cov kauj ruam ntoo yog qhov ruaj khov thiab siv tau yooj yim. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum ua boarding nyob rau hauv rooj plaub noMuaj ib txoj cai tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau ua. Ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaiv - cov kauj ruam, railings thiab platforms - nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv bolts li fasteners rau lumber. Xws li cov khoom tsim muaj kev sib txuas ruaj khov. Thaum siv lawv, cov laug cam tau lees tias tsis tuaj yeem ploj mus yav tom ntej.
Tus kheej tapping screws thaum ua tiav cov hlau staircase nrog ntoo yuav tsum tsuas yog siv los tiv thaiv cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov kawg. Qhov ntawd yog, qhov twg cov laug cam yuav tsis raug kev nyuaj siab.
Txoj kev ntawm cov kauj ruam sheathing
Thaum ua tiav lub davhlau ntawm cov ntaiv, cov laug cam thawj zaug txuas rau cov treads. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv sim ua kom muaj kev sib txuas zoo li sai tau. Tom ntej no, mus rau lub sheathing ntawm risers. Lawv kuj sim nias lawv mus rau tus ncej kom nruj li sai tau. Qee zaum, risers hauv cov ntaiv hlau tsis tau sewn rau. Marches nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no saib tsis tshua muaj zog thiab nyab xeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum tsis muaj risers, stair sheathing yog, ntawm chav kawm, pheej yig dua.
Yog tsis muaj risers, cov khoom tiav rau cov treads yuav tsum raug txiav kom zoo li nws cov hlau tsis pom los ntawm sab nraud ntawm lub peb hlis ntuj.
Kev xaiv rau kev txhawb nqa sheathing
Yog hais tias lub peb hlis ntuj ntawm ib tug hlau staircase yog sib sau ua ke ntawm bowstrings, nws yuav tsis yooj yim mus ua kom tiav nws kawg. Cov kev txhawb nqa zoo li no feem ntau tsuas yog sheathed rau sab nraud nrog lub rooj tsav xwm ntawm qhov tsim nyog dav. Txiav ntoo nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no tsuas yog yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav kaw daim ntawm bowstring ntawmcov kauj ruam ntawm sab ntawm lub peb hlis ntuj.
Txoj hlua khi, tau kawg, yuav nyuaj dua. Hauv qhov no, kev txiav kuj yuav tsum tau ua rau cov tawv nqaij sab nraud. Yuav kom ceev cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntoo cladding los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov ntaiv, raws li twb tau hais lawm, koj tuaj yeem siv tus kheej tapping screws siv lub hau ntswj.
Railing
Cov qauv txheej txheem ntawm cov hlau staircase tuaj yeem ua rau ntawm steel ntsug balusters lossis kab rov tav crossbars. Tib yam siv rau parapet ntawm interfloor platforms. Hauv cov ntaiv ntawm qhov tsim no, tsuas yog lub tes tuav yuav tsum tau sheathed nrog ntoo. Feem ntau, ib qho bar nrog ib seem ntawm 40 x 40 cm yog xaiv rau lub hom phiaj no, feem ntau, cov khoom ntawm qhov loj no haum zoo heev hauv xib teg ntawm tus neeg. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tuav lub tes tuav rau cov hlau ntawm parapet, raws li twb tau hais lawm, nrog bolts.
Balusters thiab crossbars
Qee zaum, hlau stair railings yuav tsis muaj steel balusters lossis crossbars. Cov ntsiab lus no rau kev tsim qauv, ntawm chav kawm, yog tias xav tau, tuaj yeem ua los ntawm ntoo. Lub railing rau cov ntaiv ntawm no ntau yam kuj yuav tig tawm kom ntseeg tau heev. Balusters thiab crossbars feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm ib tug nqaj ntawm tsis loj ib seem. Thaum xaiv cov khoom siv hauv qhov no, koj yuav tsum tau coj los ntawm cov qauv tsim ntawm cov ntaiv thiab nws qhov ntev.
Balusters thaum ua tiav cov hlau staircase nrog ntoo yog tsau rau ntawm cov kauj ruam nruj nreem vertically siv ib theem. Crossbars feem ntau txuas nrog rau cov ncej txhawb nqa ntawm cov railings lawv tus kheej thiab cov parapets ntawm interfloor platforms, nrog rau cov khoom siv.handrail.
Kho balusters thiab crossbars nyob rau hauv railings ntawm hlau stairs, feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb pins. Qee lub sij hawm xws li cov ntsiab lus tseem tuaj yeem txuas nrog bolts, ua raws li daim npog qhov kawg. Ntoo balusters rau stairs yuav tsum tau ntsia raws lub peb hlis ntuj ntawm ib tug tsis zoo li deb ntawm ib leeg. Lawv tau mounted rau hauv ib txoj kev uas tom qab ntawm lawv, thaum nce los yog nqis, cov neeg laus thiab cov me nyuam yuav tsis poob.
Nkauj kho siab tshaj plaws
Yog xav tau, npaj ua cov pob zeb ua kom zoo nkauj kuj tuaj yeem yuav rau cov ntaiv hlau. Cov ntsiab lus zoo li no tau tsim los ntawm ntau lub rooj cob qhia niaj hnub no. Lawv kim heev. Tab sis thaum siv lub tes tuav ua los ntawm cov ntoo carved rau cov ntaiv, nws yuav, ntawm chav kawm, yuav ua tau zoo li yav tom ntej.
Tau kawg, xam cov balusters nrog qee yam kev txawj ua haujlwm nrog ntoo tuaj yeem ua rau nws tus kheej. Tab sis hmoov tsis, xws li kev ua haujlwm feem ntau yuav siv sij hawm ntau (tshwj tsis yog, tau kawg, muaj lub tshuab dhos hauv tsev). Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, nws yuav yooj yim tshaj los txiav curly balusters los ntawm ntoo thuv los yog lwm yam softwood rau stairs. Carved, yog tias xav tau, tau kawg, koj tuaj yeem ua qhov kawg trim ntawm cov hlua, thiab bowstring ntawm cov hlau staircase.
Txhawm rau txuas cov ntsiab lus ntawm sheathing ntawm hlau staircase, ntawm chav kawm, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev uas cov bolts thiab tus kheej tapping screws yog pom tsis tau li sai tau. Muab cov luas txiav kom ze li qhov ua tau. Fasteners, yog tias ua tau, yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv cov chaw uas tsis tshua pom tseeb.
Lub taub hau ntawm bolts thiab tus kheej tapping screws, tshwj tsis yog tias lawv yog cov hniav zoo nkauj, yuav tsum tau ntim ob peb millimeters rau hauv ntoo. Cov zes uas tseem tshuav saum cov fasteners tom qab yuav tsum tau muab kaw nrog putty on ntoo thiab sanded. Koj tuaj yeem yuav tus neeg sawv cev putty npaj ua, sib piv cov xim rau cov ntoo, lossis koj tuaj yeem ua rau koj tus kheej. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub tom kawg, rau kev tsim cov putty, koj yuav tsum siv cov sawdust me me thiab cov kua nplaum ntoo hauv qhov sib npaug.
Yuav ua li cas cov ntoo ntawm theem kawg
Pine balusters, beech los yog ntoo qhib cov kauj ruam thiab lwm yam khoom ntawm lub lumber-clad staircase nyob rau theem kawg tuaj yeem yog:
- xim;
- varnish;
- Tiav nrog siv quav ciab lossis roj.
Xim rau cov khoom dai ntawm cov ntaiv tsis tshua siv niaj hnub no. Tom qab tag nrho, tsob ntoo nws tus kheej muaj ib tug qab ntxiag aesthetic kev ntxhib los mos. Marches thiab railings feem ntau yog pleev xim rau thaum tsim sab hauv xav tau nws. Piv txwv li, hauv cov chav dai kom zoo nkauj hauv Provence lossis Scandinavian style, cov ntaiv dawb zoo nkauj heev.
Varnish ntoo ntsiab ntawm cov qauv no kuj tseem tsis tiav ntau dhau lawm. Ntawm chav kawm, xws li ib lub cuab tam tuaj yeem txuas lub neej ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Tab sis, raws li ntau tus tswv tsev, cov ntaiv hlau nrog cov ntoo tuav thiab cov kauj ruam lacquered zoo li nyiaj txiag thiab pheej yig.
Ntau zausYog li ntawd, kev taug kev thiab railings ntawm lifting lug nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws tsev yog them nrog ciab los yog roj. Xws li tus qauv tsim tsis kim heev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov ntaiv ua tiav hauv txoj kev no saib stylish thiab nthuav dav heev.
