Cement mortar yog xav tau nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev tsim kho thiab kho cov haujlwm. Nws yog siv ob qho tib si rau kev tsim kho ntawm ntau-storey tsev, thiab rau cov tsev ib-storey. Niaj hnub no lub khw muaj ntau yam ntawm cov khoom no. Cov khoom siv hauv tsev sib txawv ntawm ntau hom thiab cov yam ntxwv.
200 qib pob zeb
Qhob M200 chav B15 hais txog cov kev daws teeb meem hnyav. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog ntau dua los siv nws rau nchuav cov khoom monolithic, txoj hauv kev, nrog rau cov qauv tsim.
Raws li kev ua haujlwm siab, nws tuaj yeem raug sau tseg tias cov khoom siv no tsis ntshai ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm ib puag ncig. Thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuaj no ua kom lub neej ntev ntawm cov qauv tsim. Cov khoom siv hauv tsev no tau muab faib ua subspecies:
- rau binders - gypsum, silicate, cement-polymer;
- nyob ntawm hom feem - nrog cov khoom loj lossis me;
- raws li qhov sib xws ntawm pawg - tuaj yeem ntom, ntxeem tau lossis tshwj xeeb;
- lub teebthiab pob zeb hnyav M200.
Kev xaiv nyob ntawm daim ntawv thov tshwj xeeb. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, ib hom pob zeb yog haum.
Composition
Lub zog ntawm cov cement nyob ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm nws cov khoom. Cov qib siab dua, qhov tsim nyog ntau dua yog siv cov khoom siv tsawg.
Concrete M200 yog hais txog cov khoom nruab nrab zoo. Qhov no yog vim nws muaj cov cement, uas muaj hydrophobic thiab ceev ceev zog. Kev siv cov kev sib xyaw ua ke no ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv hauv lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov qauv tsim. Hauv peb lub tebchaws, thaum ua haujlwm tsim kho, Portland cement feem ntau siv. Nws teb tau zoo rau kev hloov pauv kub, thaum nws tuaj yeem poob mus rau 10 ºС hauv ib hnub.
Nco ntsoov suav nrog cov xuab zeb hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum siv cov khoom ntxuav ntawm cov av kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom yav tom ntej. Nws yog ntshaw tias cov xuab zeb feem loj. Nws ua hauj lwm raws li lub ntsiab muab tub lim, uas ua kom lub plasticity ntawm cov pob zeb loj. Koj tuaj yeem siv crushed pob zeb ua ib qho ntxiv. Nws feem yuav tsum yog nruab nrab.
Cov tshuaj ntxiv tuaj yeem siv yog tias tsim nyog. Lawv tsuas yog siv rau plasticity ntawm cov tshuaj thiab nws cov Frost tsis kam. Kuj tseem muaj cov yas tshwj xeeb (cov tshuaj ntxiv) uas tuaj yeem ua rau qeeb thiab ua kom cov txheej txheem ziab ntawm cov sib tov. Qhov kawg tivthaiv yog dej, uas yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj tej yam txawv teb chaws chemical Cheebtsam.
qib pob zeb
Lub zog ntawm pob zeb yog nyob ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiabcov ntsiab lus uas tau koom nrog hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom sib tov. Cov xwm txheej no kuj qhia txog thaj chaw ntawm kev siv tshuaj.
Feem ntau, ntau cov cement yog siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem mortar kom ua tiav qib siab.
Qhov ntau ntawm cov qib pob zeb loj, thiab txhua qhov kev faib tawm muaj nws tus kheej daim ntawv thov:
- M100 - siv rau cov tsev uas yuav cuam tshuam los ntawm cov khoom me me.
- M150 - qhov sib txawv ntawm qeb dhau los yog me me. Kev ua haujlwm zoo ib yam.
- M200 - siv rau cov pob zeb muaj zog.
- M250 - qhov sib txawv me ntsis ntawm lub npe dhau los. Cov tshuaj siv tau rau tib lub hom phiaj.
- M300 - nws yog qhov tsim nyog siv rau kev tsaws thiab txoj kev uas muaj kev tsheb khiav tsis tu ncua.
- M350 yog ib qho analogue ntawm M300 sib tov. Siv rau hauv cov qauv tseem ceeb.
- M400 - siv hauv kev tsim cov hauv paus thiab txheej txheej ntawm lub tsev.
- M450 - yog ib lub npe muaj zog ntawm kev daws teeb meem. Nws yog ua haujlwm thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv tsev. Withstands loj loads.
- M500 yog qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws. Nws yog ua haujlwm hauv kev tsim kho, qhov twg yuav muaj cov khoom loj tshaj plaws. Hom pob zeb no muab cov qauv tsim muaj kev ntseeg siab heev.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm mortar yog xaiv hauv kev tsim kho raws li hom qauv lossis lub tsev tsim.
Ntse
Qhov zoo thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm M200 pob zeb yog nyob ntawmntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntxiv rau nws thiab lawv cov proportions.
Cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
- High quality vim muaj pes tsawg leeg ntom.
- sib tov dries sai.
- Tsawg thermal conductivity, uas tso cai rau cov khoom siv rau kev ua haujlwm nyias, nrog rwb thaiv tsev.
- Nws tsis pom zoo kom siv qhov sib tov yog tias qhov kub qis dua +5 ˚С.
- Frost resistance - F100.
Vim nws cov yas thaum lub sij hawm shrinkage, M200 pob zeb tsis tawg, thiab ua haujlwm nrog nws yuav siv qhov chaw tsis muaj teeb meem ntau. Qhov no yog cov khoom xav tau rau kev tsim kho.
Recommended proportions
Muaj plaub yam tseem ceeb uas ua rau muaj qhov zoo sib xws.
Cov no suav nrog:
- Cement qib.
- yam ntxwv ntawm cov fillers.
- Xav tau plasticity thiab lub zog ntawm cov tshuaj.
- Txoj kev thiab qhov sib piv.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuaj yog nyob ntawm qhov proportions. Rau 1 m3 pob zeb M200 yuav tsum yog:
- yog siv cov cement M400, ces thaum sib tov cov mortar, ntxiv 4, 8 feem ntawm cov pob zeb crushed thiab 2, 8 seem ntawm cov xuab zeb rau ib feem ntawm cov cement;
- yog siv cov hmoov qhuav M500, qhov kev faib ua feem yuav tsum sib xyaw nrog ib feem ntawm cov cement 5.6 feem ntawm cov pob zeb crushed thiab 3.5 feem ntawm cov xuab zeb.
Sib tov qhob M200 hnyav B15 rau 1 m 3 txhais tau tias siv cov khoom sib xyaw hauv qab no:
- 330 kg cement;
- 1250 kg ntawm pob zeb crushed;
- 180 litres dej;
- 600 kg xuab zeb;
Kev sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom saum toj no ua tau ntim ntawm 1.76 m 3. Tab sis qhov tseeb, vim dej thiab xuab zeb, uas hloov huab cua los ntawm cov pob zeb crushed, qhov tseeb ntim yog 1 m3. Yog tias koj ua raws li cov lus pom zoo no, koj yuav tau txais kev daws teeb meem zoo yam tsis muaj kev siv zog ntxiv.
Paub qhov proportions rau kev npaj cov tshuaj, koj tuaj yeem pib cov txheej txheem sib tov. Cement tuaj yeem yuav npaj tau. Qhov kev xaiv no yuav raug nqi ntau dua. Tus nqi ntawm M200 pob zeb nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab kev ua lag luam yog 2750-2800 rubles ib 1 m3. Qhov no yog ib qho kev npaj ua tiav uas tuaj yeem yuav ntawm lub tuam txhab. Kev xaiv yuav tsum ua tib zoo ua tib zoo. Thaum muas cov kev daws teeb meem, koj yuav tsum tau thov cov ntaub ntawv, xyuas kom cov chaw tsim khoom ua raws li cov qauv ntawm GOST pob zeb M200.
Thaum npaj qhov loj ntawm cov tshuaj koj tus kheej, koj yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau cov hom ntawm cov cement, vim tias qhov sib xyaw ua ke yog raws li qhov ntsuas no. Feem ntau cov khoom qhuav M400 thiab siab dua yog coj los ua lub hauv paus. Thaum siv cov qib qis, nws raug nquahu kom ntxiv cov yas yas kom muaj zog ntawm cov tshuaj.
Knead hauv cov khoom me me kom nws siv tau hauv ib qho mus. Txwv tsis pub, txheej txheem hardening yuav tshwm sim, thiab tom qab ntawd qhov sib tov yuav siv tsis tau. Thiab qhov no yuav nce tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv.
Kev npaj cov tshuaj tau muab faib ua cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:
- Sand yuav tsum sib tov kom huv si thiabcement, nyob rau hauv parallel, ntxiv additives yog tias tsim nyog (rau Frost tsis kam, elasticity, dej repellency, thiab lwm yam.) Kev noj cov additives ntxiv yog qhia nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia los yog nyob rau hauv lub pob.
- Maj mam ntxiv dej thiab ces gravel.
Nws tseem tsim nyog xav txog tias koj yuav tsum tsis txhob sib txawv ntawm qhov xav tau. Yog tias cov qauv no tau pom, qhov zoo ntawm M200 pob zeb tau txais, tus nqi yuav qis dua thaum yuav los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom.
Daim ntawv thov
qhob M200 chav kawm B15 yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev tsim kho ua haujlwm, raws li nws muaj qhov ntom ntom ntom thiab tsis kam mus rau tsawg kub.
Siv cov khoom los tsim ntau yam qauv, xws li:
- flights of stairs;
- ntau hom platforms uas siv tau rau tib neeg thiab tsheb;
- pob zeb ua vaj tse (txhim kho, txhawb nqa ncej);
- paving slabs;
- foundation;
- rewalls uas yuav tsis raug hnyav;
- fences;
- ncig.
Rau kev ua haujlwm hnyav dua nrog cov khoom hnyav, kev sib xyaw ntawm pob zeb M400, M500 yog siv.
Cov lus qhia siv
Tus txheej txheem ntawm nchuav lub hauv paus siv M200 pob zeb sib tov yuav tsum tau ua cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:
- Tag nrho cov cuab yeej tsim nyog yuav tsum tau npaj ua ntej.
- Lub thawv nrog cov huab hwm coj yuav tsum nyob ze, ze rau thaj chaw ua haujlwm. Qhov no tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov nrawm nrawm ntawm cov tshuaj. Yog li ntawd, qhov kev ncua deb yuav tsumua kom tsawg.
- Siv ib tug chute rau ncuav qhob.
- Nws tsis pom zoo ua haujlwm rau huab cua phem.
- Cov khoom sib xyaw yuav tsum siv nyob rau hauv ib qho mus.
- Yog tias nws pib los nag thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, npog cov tshuaj nrog cov ntaub qhwv yas.
- Hnub kub, cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau txau nrog dej. Qhov no yuav ua kom nws qhuav sib npaug.
Ua raws li cov lus pom zoo no yuav lav qhov chaw zoo uas yuav kav ntau xyoo.
hom mortar no yog qhov xav tau hauv kev tsim kho, yog li nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias M200 pob zeb tau yuav los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom ntau dua li lwm hom. Thiab tag nrho cov no ua tsaug rau nws cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb. Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov pob zeb zoo li no, koj tuaj yeem sau rau hauv lub hauv paus zoo ntawm hom monolithic, nrog rau tsim lub laj kab zoo heev uas yuav kav ntev mus ntau xyoo. Nws tsuas yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum ua raws li qhov tseeb proportions thaum tsim khoom thiaj li yuav tau txais cov khoom zoo.
Thaum yuav cov khoom siv rau kev npaj cov sib tov, koj yuav tsum xyuam xim rau lawv qhov zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov khoom siv cement qhuav. Kev pabcuam lub neej ntawm cov tshuaj tom qab nws cov khoom yog 3 lub hlis. Koj yuav tsum tau ua raws li qhov sib piv ntawm cov proportions ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm m3.
Yog tias tag nrho cov lus pom zoo thiab cov qauv raug ua raws, tau txais ib lub mortar zoo, thiab cov qauv los ntawm nws ua haujlwm tau ntau xyoo.
