Thiab tam sim no lub sijhawm tos ntev tau los txog thaum, tsis zoo li kev ntseeg nrov txog kev kho tsis kawg, txhua txoj haujlwm tiav: cov ntawv ntsa yog glued, cov vuas raug tso, lub qhov rais ci nrog nkauj xwb dawb ntawm qhov chaw siab tshaj. Nws tsis yog ib qho kev txhaum los ua kev zoo siab rau qhov kev tshwm sim hauv lub voj voog ntawm cov phooj ywg thiab cov neeg nyob ze uas tau ua pa ntawm kev nplij siab (unwitting accomplices of your labor feat). Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau kev nthuav qhia tag nrho cov kev xav uas tau npog koj thaum ib tug poj niam zoo nkauj dheev pom cov tub ntxhais hluas tua ntawm "nyiaj tsob ntoo" nyob rau hauv ib lub qhov rais tshiab sill nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug ntsuab sawb ntawm pwm. Thiab nws yog nyiaj txiag vim hais tias koj twb puas siab puas ntsws xam ntau npaum li cas nws yuav raug nqi koj los kho koj li qub kev zoo nkauj. Txhua yam nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim, qhov no tsuas yog npau suav phem xwb, tab sis yog tias koj tsis xav kom nws dhau los ua qhov tseeb, tom qab ntawd, tau pib tsim kho lossis kho, koj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas cov dej tsis zoo txawm tias ua ntej ua tiav.
Waterproofing: Vim li cas thiaj xav tau?
Hnub no, kev lag luam khoom siv hauv tsev muaj peev xwm muab ntau txoj hauv kev los xyuas kom muaj kev rwb thaiv tsev zoo los ntawm yuav luag txhuaundesirable txim ntawm raug rau cov dej noo, txawm nws yog nag lossis daus, dej hauv av, condensate los yog xwm txheej kub ntxhov tshwm sim los ntawm kev tawg ntawm kev sib txuas lus. Ntawm no nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, kom raug txiav txim siab txog kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom siv tiv thaiv, txij li lawv txhua tus muaj nws tus yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm, thiab qhov thib ob, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua raws li cov neeg tsim khoom cov lus pom zoo thaum ua haujlwm. Ob hom tseem ceeb ntawm insulating txheej tuaj yeem raug sau tseg - cov no yog pasting thiab txheej waterproofing.
Passing hom waterproofing
thawj qhov kev xaiv yog cov khoom siv dej tsis zoo hauv daim ntawv (piv txwv li, cov vuas bituminous), rolls (cov khoom siv euroroofing) los yog extruded polystyrene ua npuas ncauj boards ntsia rau ntawm qhov chaw tiv thaiv, kub soldered los yog txias siv nrog bitumen-based mastic los yog, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm polystyrene slabs, siv ib tug tshwj xeeb lub tsev nplaum.
Vim qhov yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa, gluing waterproofing yog qhov zoo hauv kev txhim kho kev tiv thaiv cov dej noo ntawm thaj chaw loj (ru tsev, qab nthab, phab ntsa, hauv paus), uas, txawm li cas los xij, qhia txog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev sib luag thiab kev ncaj ncees ntawm qhov chaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, yeej ib txwm muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev xau ntawm cov pob qij txha thiab nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas cov khoom tiv thaiv adheres rau lwm lub dav hlau.
Kev sib khi nto nrog txheej rwb thaiv tsev
Txheej waterproofing, ua los ntawm cov kua mastics thiab sludge, yog deprived ntawm xws shortcomings. Raws li lub npe implies, hom kev tiv thaiv impliesnws daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug tas mus li txheej, uas, tom qab hardening, tsim ib seamless, kiag li hermetic txheej, reliably cais cov nto yuav tsum coated, nrog rau tag nrho cov irregularities thiab junctions nrog rau lwm lub tsev. Ntxiv nrog rau kev tiv thaiv dej noo, cov txheej txheej siv tau tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj thiab tshuaj lom neeg ib puag ncig rau lub sijhawm ntev, thaum muaj cov yas siab, uas tiv thaiv kev tawg ntawm qhov kub thiab txias hloov thiab shrinkage tsis sib xws ntawm coated nto. Xav txog cov txheej txheem nrov tshaj plaws uas siv los ua cov txheej txheem dej tsis zoo.
Plaster waterproof rwb thaiv tsev
Mineral mixtures yog tsim los siv qib siab Portland cements (dawb lossis grey) nrog ntxiv ntawm granulate thiab polymer additives, hom rwb thaiv tsev no tseem hu ua plaster waterproofing. Nws yog muag nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug nplua hmoov tov nrog dej nyob rau hauv lub proportions yuav tsum tau. Xws li cov cement txheej waterproofing muaj peev xwm tiv taus siab txog li xya lub cua, vim nws yog dav siv rau sealing pas dej ua ke, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv hauv qab daus los ntawm noo noo nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev hem thawj ntawm dej nyab hauv av.
Kev siv cov plaster waterproofing kuj yog kev ncaj ncees thaum, ntxiv rau kev tiv thaiv noo noo, nws yuav tsum tau ua kom theem ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev. Cov tshuaj yog siv nyob rau hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, nrog ib tug txheej thickness ntawm tsib mus rau plaub caug millimeters.
Cov dej tsis zoo li no yog siv rau cib, hlau lossispob zeb ua los ntawm sab ntawm qhov tshwm sim hydrostatic nkaus.
YAsph alt plaster
Feem ntau muaj cov ntsiab lus xws li asph alt plaster, uas yog txheej txheej txheej hauv daim ntawv txias lossis kub mastics, siv ob lossis peb txheej, txhua 4 hli tuab. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom siv, xws li cov dej tsis sib haum, thaum siv rau ntawm qhov chaw ntsug, yog sewn nrog cib lossis pob zeb. Yog hais tias nws yog siv los ua ib txheej waterproofing ntawm hauv pem teb, ces nws yog txwv rau 2 txheej txog 8 hli tuab, tom qab ntawd kaw nrog ib tug qhob screed.
Cast asph alt plaster yog kub bituminous mastic, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ntsug kev tiv thaiv, ncuav rau hauv qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm lub sab nrauv phab ntsa tiv thaiv thiab waterproofing nto, thiab nyob rau hauv lub kab rov tav dav hlau - sib npaug zos rau saum npoo. Tom qab ziab, nws raug kaw nrog screed ntawm xuab zeb-cement mortar.
Cov hom kev tiv thaiv noo noo tau piav qhia saum toj no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev teeb tsa cov txheej txheem dej tsis zoo ntawm lub hauv paus nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm qhov txaus ntshai ntawm cov dej hauv av. Hauv qhov no, qhov txwv sab saud ntawm qhov chaw kho mob yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg ib nrab ib 'meter' siab tshaj qib ntawm hydrostatic action.
Piv txwv ntawm cov dej tsis muaj dej
Los ntawm cov kua dej tsis zoo, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nws tsim nyog hais txog bituminous txheej waterproofing, uas ua ke yooj yim ntawm daim ntawv thov, txhim khu kev qha kev tiv thaiv thiab tus nqi pheej yig, txawm li cas los xij, qhov teeb meem loj ntawm cov khoom yog nws cov tshuaj lom neeg siab, yog li lawv yog sivxws li txheej yog tsuas yog rau kev ua haujlwm sab nraum zoov lossis hauv qhov chaw tsis nyob.
Rau kev ua haujlwm sab hauv, ob lub ntsiab lus sib xyaw ua ke raws li polyurethane feem ntau yog siv, uas tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw, thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg feem ntau hauv lawv yog tus nqi. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, kev noj ntawm txheej waterproofing yog txiav txim los ntawm cov yuav tsum tau rau cov theem ntawm kev tiv thaiv, thiab nyob ntawm seb tus naj npawb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txheej ntawm insulating cov ntaub ntawv. Raws li txoj cai, ib cheeb tsam tau them los ntawm 2 mus rau 4 zaug, ua ntu zus, tos cov txheej txheem yav dhau los kom qhuav tag.
Txoj kev siv tshuaj txias thiab kub txheej mastics
Txheej waterproofing siv nrog txhuam txhuam los yog cov menyuam feem ntau hu ua xim. Hom txheej no, thaum qhuav, ua ib zaj duab xis nyias impervious rau dej, tau los ntawm cov xim tawv tawv thiab cov kua roj vanish los yog mastic nrog bituminous, acrylic, silicone, roj hmab thiab polyurethane puag siv asbestos, txiv qaub thiab lwm yam additives, uas. muab qib siab ntawm capillary tiv thaiv ntawm txheej los ntawm ya raws.. Muaj kub thiab txias mastics. Hauv thawj version, cov khoom siv insulating yog rhuab mus rau 170 ° C, tom qab ntawd nws tuaj yeem yooj yim thiab siv tau zoo rau thaj chaw kho mob siv cov txhuam hniav thiab cov menyuam. Txias mastic ua los ntawm perchlorovinyl, epoxy thiab lwm yam khoom siv dag zog tuaj yeem siv tau ntawm +5 ° C, tab sis nws raug nqi me ntsis ntxiv. Ua ntej ua ntawv thov waterproofing, qhov saum npoo yuav tsum tau insulated yog primed nrog ib tug qaug zog daws ntawm tib mastic, diluting nws ib mus rau peb.roj av lossis dab dawb.
Kev xaiv nplaim hluav taws kuj tseem ua tau, thaum lub txheej yog thov tsawg kawg ob zaug nrog kev ziab ntawm li 15 teev thiab cov txheej txheej bitumen thickness txog li ob millimeters.
txiaj ntsig ntawm kev nkag mus rau cov dej tsis zoo
Lwm txoj hauv kev zoo los tiv thaiv lub tsev los ntawm cov dej noo yog nkag mus rau cov dej tsis zoo, uas yog siv rau cov khoom siv nrog cov qauv ntxeem tau (piv txwv li, pob zeb). Cov kua dej no, dhau mus tob rau hauv qhov chaw los kho, tuaj yeem siv tau ob qho tib si thaum pib thiab thaum kawg ntawm kev kho thiab ua tiav. Nws raug tso cai siv txawm tias thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev tsim, tso cai, ntxiv rau kev rov ua kom cov dej noo-pov thawj, los tiv thaiv lub hauv paus los ntawm corrosion.
Cov ntsiab lus kho nrog cov dej nkag mus rau hom kev ua kom muaj zog li ntawm 20%, txhim kho te tiv thaiv, thiab tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua ntej, theem, tsim kev tiv thaiv ntxiv lossis ntxiv dag zog rau saum npoo kom tiv thaiv.
Pros of spraying waterproofing
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, ntau thiab ntau adherents tab tom nrhiav, tsis tau outlandish, tab sis heev cog lus sprayed waterproofing raws li acrylic, polyurethane resins los yog, twb paub rau peb, lub bituminous tivthaiv. Nws yog siv rau txhua qhov chaw uas siv cov xim pleev xim lossis cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb txau, muab kev sib khi zoo meej thiab cov txheej txheem siab zog nrog kev lees paub lub neej txog li.muaj tsib caug xyoo. Nyob ntawm qhov tuab, lub sijhawm hardening ntawm ib txheej yog los ntawm 10 mus rau 20 teev.
Cov tshuaj tsuag dej tsis muaj dej muaj nyob rau hauv cov xim sib txawv, tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias, muaj kev hnav siab thiab muab cov suab nrov zoo heev.
chav dej ua qhov chaw sim rau txhua hom kev tsis sib haum xeeb
Ib qho ntawm qhov chaw tseem ceeb uas xav tau kev tiv thaiv zoo tiv thaiv ya raws yog chav dej. Cov av noo siab, chav kub kub thiab condensate los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias - tag nrho cov xwm txheej no tsim ib qho kev nyab xeeb sab hauv tsev. Yuav luag tag nrho cov saum toj no hom sealing nto yog siv raws li txheej waterproofing rau ib chav dej, nrog rau cov kev zam, tej zaum, ntawm ntshiab bituminous mastic thiab asph alt plasters vim lawv siab toxicity. Nws raug nquahu kom ua tib zoo kho tag nrho cov pob zeb thiab lwm yam ntxeem tau ntawm chav nrog nkag mus rau cov dej tsis muaj dej, suav nrog cov plag tsev, phab ntsa thiab qab nthab ntawm qhov pib ntawm kev kho.
Qhov no kuj tseem siv tau rau qhov chaw uas cov vuas luaj ceramic yuav muab tso, vim tias ya raws, los ntawm cov seams, tuaj yeem nkag mus rau sab hauv, accumulating nyob rau hauv voids thiab ntxeem tau qauv ntawm cov nplaum. Txheej waterproofing nyob rau hauv cov pobzeb yog siv rau ntawm ib tug ca, qhuav nto, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo ua tib zoo txheej txheem ntawm cov pob qij txha, uas nws yog ntshaw kom muab ib tug tshwj xeeb waterproofing daim kab xev, npog nws nrog ib tug txheej ntawm kev tiv thaiv. Thaum lub sij hawm ziab ntawm cov txheej tiv thaiv (txog peb hnub), nws tsim nyog zamsiv cov chaw kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam qhov kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov dej tsis huv.
Kev sib khi ua haujlwm tsis tas yuav tsum muaj kev tshaj lij tshwj xeeb, thiab cov khoom siv dej tsis zoo siv tau tus nqi pheej yig, tab sis cov txheej txheem dej tsis zoo nws tus kheej yog qhov nyuaj heev, xav tau qhov tseeb thiab sijhawm. Tab sis koj yuav tsum lees tias ntau xyoo siv rau hauv cov phab ntsa qhuav thiab xis nyob ntawm koj lub tsev yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev siv zog.
