Kab lus yuav piav qhia ntau npaum li sai tau yuav ua li cas nteg cov pob zeb zoo nkauj ntawm phab ntsa nrog koj tus kheej tes. Tau ntau xyoo, cov pob zeb zoo nkauj los yog pob zeb tuaj yeem pom nyob rau sab hauv ntawm lub teb chaws cov tsev thiab cov tsev. Cov khoom no yog muag hauv txhua lub khw muag khoom kho vajtse, xaiv ntau yam xim, qhov ntau thiab tsawg, vim qhov no, koj tuaj yeem ua kom zoo nkauj tshwj xeeb ntawm phab ntsa hauv chav. Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv yog tias nws tuaj yeem txuas nrog cov phab ntsa ua los ntawm cov khoom siv tiag tiag. Thiab nws yuav zoo li phab ntsa yog lined nrog ntuj kim cib. Qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov cib zoo nkauj suav nrog cov av nplaum nthuav dav, xuab zeb, perlite.
Lub ntsiab ntawm lub cib
Ua ntej tso cov vuas luaj cib, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo kawm nws ntau yam thiab nta. Qhov no yuav tso cai rau koj xaivhom khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws. Cia peb saib seb cov khoom siv li cas yog cov khoom siv dag zog ua los ntawm:
- Clinker yog cov khoom siv ruaj khov, nws qhov chaw tiv taus hnav. Ntawm kev muag khoom koj tuaj yeem pom cov cib ua los ntawm cov khoom siv no hauv ntau xim. Lub cib no yog siv rau sab hauv thiab sab nrauv cladding.
- Gypsum yog cov khoom siv tsis yooj yim, tab sis nws muaj ib qho txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb. Qhov no, ntawm chav kawm, yog qhov hnyav - cov khoom tuaj yeem nplaum txawm nyob rau ntawm phab ntsa ua los ntawm cov phab ntsa qhuav, plywood, thiab lwm yam khoom tawg yooj yim. Thaum xub thawj, txhua qhov khoob yog dawb. Lawv pleev xim rau ntawm theem kawg ntawm kev tsim khoom. Los ntawm txoj kev, ntawm kev muag khoom koj tuaj yeem pom cov cib dag tsis muaj xim. Koj ua tau koj tus kheej.
- Polyurethane yog cov khoom siv nrov, muaj qhov hnyav, yog siv rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj phab ntsa hauv tsev thiab chav tsev. Feem ntau ntawm cov cib ua los ntawm cov khoom siv no yog xim dawb, tab sis koj tuaj yeem pom lawv pleev xim.
- Styrofoam - txawm tias nws yog siv los ua cib. Nws yog siv tshwj xeeb rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom yog tias nws tsis yooj yim heev. Tab sis nws yog qhov hnyav thiab tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau ntawm phab ntsa ua los ntawm txhua yam khoom siv.
Cov khoom siv twg zoo tshaj plaws
Yog tias koj txiav txim siab clad phab ntsa hauv tsev, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los xaiv gypsum cib. Lawv pheej yig dua li clinker thiab porcelain stoneware, qis dua rau lawv tsuas yog hais txog lub zog. Tab sis lawv muaj zog dua li cov polymers. Koj tuaj yeem ua gypsum vuas koj tus kheej - tsuas yog sib tov PVA kua nplaum, gypsum thiab dej, tom qab ntawdncuav qhov loj rau hauv daim ntawv tshwj xeeb.
Tom qab ziab, koj tuaj yeem pib mount cov vuas rau ntawm phab ntsa. Nws kuj tseem tsim nyog sau cia tias tso cov hniav zoo nkauj gypsum cib yuav tsis ua rau muaj teeb meem. Nws yog txaus ua raws li cov cai yooj yim, uas peb yuav tham hauv qab no.
Yuav suav cov khoom li cas
Ua ntej pib ua haujlwm, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo xam cov khoom siv. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum ntsuas qhov siab thiab ntev ntawm tag nrho cov phab ntsa uas koj npaj yuav txhim kho cov cib zoo nkauj. Muab qhov ntev nrog qhov siab kom tau qhov chaw saum npoo. Yog tias muaj ob peb phab ntsa, ces koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv tag nrho cov cheeb tsam. Yog hais tias muaj qhov rais thiab qhov rooj qhib, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los rho tawm lawv cheeb tsam - qhov no yuav txo tau cov nqi vim qhov tseeb hais tias tag nrho cov kev suav yuav ua kom raug raws li qhov ua tau. Tom qab koj tau txais qhov kawg cheeb tsam tus nqi, koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv 10% nyob rau hauv cia. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tias cov khoom yuav ua tau ob qho tib si tiaj tus thiab angular (qhov no yog muab tso rau hauv cov ces kaum).
Tools
Yuav kom nteg cov hniav gypsum cib, koj yuav tsum tau npaj cov cuab yeej hauv qab no:
- Roulette.
- Nrog tus kav.
- Level.
- xov.
- kub.
- Spatula.
Koj kuj yuav xav tau lub cib zoo nkauj zoo nkauj. Cov kua nplaum tuaj yeem sib txawv, txhua yam nyob ntawm seb koj ua tiav sab hauv lossis sab nraud. Adhesives yog kua los yogqhuav, pasty. Nws tseem pom zoo kom yuav cov ntoo khaub lig los ua tib lub plooj nyob txhua qhov chaw.
Kev xaiv kua nplaum
Thiab tam sim no cia peb tham txog yuav ua li cas cov vuas luaj rau hauv qab lub cib. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, hais txog hom adhesives:
- Cement raws li pobzeb nplaum. Nws yog siv thaum tso cov vuas. Kuj tseem siv tau los nplaum txhua hom cladding.
- Gypsum plaster - zoo tagnrho rau kev ua haujlwm sab hauv tsev. Cov sib tov muaj xim dawb, nws tsis pom hauv qab cov cib dag.
- Silicon sealant yog qhov ua tau zoo, yog tias txawv txav, kev teeb tsa. Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog tias nws tig tawm los muab cov cib kom nruj li sai tau rau ntawm phab ntsa.
Yog tias koj tab tom nrhiav ib daim nplaum rau siv sab nraum zoov, koj yuav tsum xaiv ib qho te-resistant. Txwv tsis pub, qhov sib tov yuav pib crumble thiab poob tawm nrog rau cov hniav cib. Yam yuavtsum tau kawm uantej tsuas yog siv cov khoom uas npaj tau xwb.
Kev xaiv cib
Nws tsis yog qhov nyuaj heev los ua phab ntsa cladding nrog cov cib zoo nkauj, cov khoom siv yog ua los ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag. Yog li ntawd, tso rau ntawm phab ntsa tuaj yeem ua tau raws li koj nyiam. Tsuas yog hom cib nyob ntawm seb lub tshuab koj xav tau xaiv. Thov nco ntsoov tias rab diav yog lub ntsej muag ntev tshaj plaws ntawm lub cib, thiab lub pob tw yog qhov kawg.
Txoj diav hom - qhov no yog ib kab ntawm tychkovy thiab 4 diav. Yog ibsiv txoj kev poke, tom qab ntawd tag nrho cov masonry yuav ua los ntawm cov khoom sib thooj. Hom masonry kuj txawv, tab sis feem ntau cov sawv daws yuav txawv:
- Brandenburg - ua los ntawm ob qhov ntev thiab ib kab luv. Lub cib yog glued nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev uas daim ntawv cog lus sab yog ob kab sib nrug. Nco ntsoov offset txhua kab los ntawm ½ cib.
- Gothic masonry yog ua tiav siv cov kab luv luv thiab ntev ntawm cib ua ke. Nco ntsoov ua ib qho offset ntawm kab ntawm ½ cib.
- Cross masonry yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws, cib tau muab tso rau ntawm phab ntsa nrog rau sab sib txawv. Ib yam li ntawd, ib yam li hauv ob qhov dhau los, koj yuav tsum ua kom muaj kev sib cais ntawm ½ cib txhua kab.
Cov no tsuas yog cov kev xaiv masonry feem ntau, qhov tseeb muaj ntau ntxiv. Muaj ob qho yooj yim thiab ntau txoj kev xaiv. Nws raug nquahu kom koj paub koj tus kheej nrog ntau tus naj npawb ntawm cov masonry ntau tshaj plaws txhawm rau xaiv cov kev xaiv tsim nyog tshaj plaws.
Brick laying process
Yog tias koj tab tom ntsib nrog kev teeb tsa ntawm cov hniav lossis cov nplais, tom qab ntawd muab lub cib rau ntawm phab ntsa tsis yog qhov nyuaj. Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau zoo sib xws, lawv tsis muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb. Ua ntej koj yuav tsum kos ib kab ntawm phab ntsa uas lub installation yog nqa tawm, nws yuav yog ib qho kev qhia. Nco ntsoov kos kab no siv ib theem. Txhua txoj haujlwm yuav tsum ua tiav, tsom mus rau qhov tseeb ntawm kab no. Txwv tsis pub, nws yuav pom tau hais tias lub masonry tsis sib xws - qhov tseeb yog qhov ntawdcov cib yuav ntab mus.
Pib tso cov cib zoo nkauj rau ntawm phab ntsa nrog koj tus kheej tes los ntawm qhov qis tshaj plaws. Nws raug nquahu kom koj ua ntej nteg tag nrho cov pobzeb rau hauv pem teb txhawm rau sib sau cov tswv yim ntawm txhua lub ntsiab lus kom raug raws li qhov ua tau. Ua ntej, nteg txhua daim, tsuas yog thaum kawg koj tuaj yeem siv pruning. Siv cov nplaum kom nyias nyias li ua tau. Thiab koj yuav tsum tau siv nws rau cov phab ntsa thiab cov pob zeb zoo nkauj. Nws yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws los siv cov kua nplaum nrog lub spatula nrog cov hniav, tab sis nws yog qhov zoo dua los tshem tawm ntau dhau nrog roj hmab. Tag nrho cov tshaj yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm tam sim ntawd. Qhov teeb meem yog tom qab ziab, nws yuav nyuaj heev ua qhov no.
Basic mounting rules
Tus nqi ntawm kev tso cov pob zeb zoo nkauj (thaum ntiav cov kws tshaj lij) yog los ntawm 400 txog 1000 rubles ib square meter. Ntxiv mus, 400 rubles yog tus nqi ntawm kev ntxhib los mos, thiab 1000 rubles. - tiav.
Tab sis koj tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj kev pab los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij. Los ntawm kev ua li ntawd, koj tuaj yeem txuag tau nyiaj ntau. Nws txaus ua raws li cov cai yooj yim thaum ua kev teeb tsa:
- Ntxig hla nruab nrab ntawm cov vuas kom ua tib lub seam ntawm tag nrho cov phab ntsa. Yog tias tsis tuaj yeem yuav cov ntoo khaub lig (uas tsis zoo li), koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntsia hlau yooj yim.
- Tag nrho cov seams yuav tsum tau sau dua thaum ua tiav kev ua haujlwm. Rau lub hom phiaj no, koj yuav tsum tau siv gypsum los yog tshwj xeeb grout. Txhua txoj haujlwm yog ua tiav nrog cov roj hmab spatula.
- Yuav kom tswj tau cov txheej txheem, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau siv txheej txheej ntookua roj vanish. Hauv qhov no, cov khoom siv yuav tsis tsaus. Qhov no feem ntau yog ua nyob rau hauv txoj kev thiab txoj kev hauv tsev.
- Sab hauv ntawm chav nyob tuaj yeem ua kom zoo nkauj siv xim. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim heev los thov rau cov cib zoo nkauj. Thiab lub cib pleev xim rau yuav zoo dua li tsis muaj txheej.
- Nws tso cai rau nteg cib rau ntawm phab ntsa. Pom zoo, chav tsev yuav zoo li qub, nyob rau hauv uas sab qis yog lined nrog cib, thiab sab sauv yog them nrog wallpaper.
- Nco ntsoov theem tag nrho cov phab ntsa ua ntej pib ua haujlwm. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj tuaj yeem ua ob qho tib si plaster rau saum npoo thiab mount cov phab ntsa ntub dej ntawm phab ntsa. Nws kuj tseem tso cai rau qib phab ntsa nrog cov ntawv plywood - qhov no yog ib qho khoom siv zoo, tab sis hnav.
Zaj lus
Thov nco ntsoov tias kev ua tiav thiab kev ua tiav yuav tsum tsis pub dhau ib hnub tom qab ua tiav ntawm txhua txoj haujlwm. Lub sijhawm no yuav tsum txaus rau cov nplaum kom qhuav. Grouting tuaj yeem ua tau ob qho tib si nrog spatula thiab syringes lossis los ntawm lub hnab. Raws li peb tau hais ua ntej, tag nrho cov nplaum nplaum yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm tam sim ntawd. Thaum cov kua nplaum tau qhuav thiab grouting tiav lawm, koj tuaj yeem pleev xim cov khoom lossis qhib nws nrog cov kua roj vanish. Qhov no yuav muab qhov tshwj xeeb rau cov masonry.
