Ib kauj ruam ntawm kev tsim cov thav duab tsev nrog koj tus kheej tes - piav qhia, nta thiab cov lus pom zoo

Cov txheej txheem:

Ib kauj ruam ntawm kev tsim cov thav duab tsev nrog koj tus kheej tes - piav qhia, nta thiab cov lus pom zoo
Ib kauj ruam ntawm kev tsim cov thav duab tsev nrog koj tus kheej tes - piav qhia, nta thiab cov lus pom zoo

Video: Ib kauj ruam ntawm kev tsim cov thav duab tsev nrog koj tus kheej tes - piav qhia, nta thiab cov lus pom zoo

Video: Ib kauj ruam ntawm kev tsim cov thav duab tsev nrog koj tus kheej tes - piav qhia, nta thiab cov lus pom zoo
Video: yuav coj li cas kom luag nyiam 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Tus neeg tsim khoom niaj hnub no muaj kev xaiv dav ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev thiab kev tsim kho lub tsev. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm tshwj xeeb zoo, tab sis kuv xav hais txog lub thav duab tsim technology nyias. Kev siv yog pom zoo nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas lub tsev yuav tsum tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv lub sij hawm, thaum lub peev nyiaj ntawm tus tswv tsev yav tom ntej yog txwv.

Kev tsim kho ib ntus ntawm lub tsev thav duab tuaj yeem ua tiav txawm tias tus tswv tsis muaj kev paub, uas tshem tawm qhov xav tau los nyiam cov kws tshaj lij kim. Qhov kev tsim kho no yog ua raws li kev ua haujlwm zoo li cas, peb yuav txiav txim siab kom ntxaws hauv peb tsab xov xwm.

Tus yam ntxwv thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub no

Lub thev naus laus zis ntawm kev tsim lub tsev thav duab (hauv theem) txawv ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev ib txwm muaj nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no lub tsev tsis yogtsim thiab sau. Thaum pib, tus ncej ntawm cov qauv yav tom ntej yog ntsia rau ntawm lub hauv paus. Nws yog ua los ntawm hlau los yog ntoo profiles, uas yog tsau rau ib leeg nrog tshwj xeeb fasteners. Qee zaum, tus ncej tuaj yeem ua tiav welded.

phased kev tsim kho ntawm thav duab tsev
phased kev tsim kho ntawm thav duab tsev

Lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsev tiav yog sheathed nrog ntoo thaiv, nruab nrab ntawm uas muaj lub rhaub. Thaum cov phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev tau sib sau ua ke tag nrho, cov neeg tsim kho mount lub ru tsev thiab mus rau sab hauv thiab sab nrauv kho kom zoo nkauj. Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm xws li vaj tse yog lub peev xwm los pib decorating lub tsev tam sim ntawd tom qab ua tiav ntawm nws lub rooj sib txoos. Tsis zoo li lub tsev cav, cov tsev no tsis ntsws, uas tso cai rau koj los txhim kho qhov rais thiab qhov rooj yam tsis tau ncua.

Txoj kev tsim lub tsev thav duab nrog koj tus kheej tes tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm pab pawg ntawm 2-3 tus neeg hauv ob peb lub hlis xwb, uas nyiam cov kiv cua feem ntau ntawm txoj kev tsim vaj tsev no.

Cov kauj ruam tsim lub tsev loj

Cov txheej txheem sib dhos lub tsev tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob peb ntu. Qhov no tso cai rau koj los tswj cov nqi ntawm txhua theem ntawm kev sib dhos thiab npaj cov peev nyiaj rau kev ua haujlwm tom ntej. Kev tsim kho theem ntawm lub tsev thav duab suav nrog cov haujlwm xws li:

  • xaiv qhov chaw rau kev tsim kho;
  • tso utilities;
  • tsim lub hauv paus rau lub tsev;
  • string foundation;
  • subflooring;
  • sib dhos thiab teeb tsa ntawm tus ncej;
  • qauv rwb thaiv tsev;
  • tsim lub ru tsev;
  • cov khoom siv vov tsev;
  • finishing.

Txhua yam ntawm cov kauj ruam saum toj no tsis xav tau cov cuab yeej kim thiab nyuaj. Kev ua haujlwm yog yooj yim heev thiab tsis ua rau muaj teeb meem tshwj xeeb. Txhawm rau tsim ib lub tsev nrog koj tus kheej tes, cov lus qhia ntxaws ntxaws yuav tsum muaj rau txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm. Qhov no yuav pab koj zam ntau yam yuam kev. Tsis txhob hnov qab txog txoj kev npaj rau kev tsim kho yav tom ntej. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los tso siab rau nws txoj kev tsim rau cov kws paub txog kev paub.

Kev xaiv cov khoom siv hauv tsev

Ib qho ntawm cov theem tseem ceeb ntawm kev npaj yog kev xaiv cov khoom siv los ntawm lub tsev yuav raug sib sau. Yog tias txhua yam yooj yim heev nrog cov phab ntsa - cov ntawv plywood lossis OSB boards tau siv rau lawv qhov kev teeb tsa, cov lus nug yuav tshwm sim ntawm theem thav duab sib dhos.

Raws li tau hais ua ntej, lub hauv paus rau cov phab ntsa tuaj yeem sib sau los ntawm ntoo lossis hlau, cia peb saib lawv qhov sib txawv:

  1. ntoo ncej. Cov neeg tsim khoom ntiag tug nyiam cov khoom siv ntuj tsim, vim nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg, tus nqi qis thiab kev teeb tsa ceev. Tab sis ntawm no nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias qhov kev tsim no yuav dhau los ua hnyav dua li hlau, uas txhais tau hais tias lub hauv paus rau nws yuav tsum muaj zog dua.
  2. Hlau ncej. Raws li rau cov hlau profile, nws cov nqi yuav yog ib feem peb kim tshaj li cov ntoo, tab sis thaum kawg tus tswv yuav tau txais kev nyab xeeb, ruaj thiab haum lub teeb rau lub tsev, uas tsis tas yuav ntxiv dag zog rau lub hauv paus. Qhov kev xaiv no kuj zoo dua vim tias cov ntsiab lus txuas ntawm cov ntsia hlau tsis tas yuav tsum tau kho nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv corrosion.
  3. kev tsim khoDIY thav duab lub tsev tswv yim
    kev tsim khoDIY thav duab lub tsev tswv yim

Cov thev naus laus zis ntawm kev tsim cov tsev thav duab (hauv theem, nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes) suav nrog kev sib sau ua ke ntawm rwb thaiv tsev rau phab ntsa. Raws li rau nws txoj kev xaiv, nws yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev cai ntawm kev nyab xeeb hluav taws thiab tsis cuam tshuam nrog kev sib pauv huab cua. Txwv tsis pub, sab hauv microclimate ntawm chav yuav cuam tshuam loj heev.

Tsim ib lub tsev nrog peb tus kheej tes: pib qhov twg?

Peb yuav tsis nres ntawm thawj theem ntawm kev tsim lub tsev ncej. Nrog rau kev xaiv ntawm ib qho chaw rau kev tsim lub tsev, txhua yam yog qhov tseeb - koj xav tau ib qho chaw tiaj tus thiab dav dav. Nws yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov khib nyiab, tshem tawm tag nrho cov cog. Yog tias muaj qhov tsis sib xws ntawm lub ntiaj teb, lawv raug tshem tawm. Cov toj roob hauv pes raug txiav tawm, thiab cov kev nyuaj siab thiab cov pits tau npog nrog lub ntiaj teb.

Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tsim, lub xaib raug cim. Nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug hlua thiab pegs, lawv xaiv lub perimeter ntawm lub tsev thiab sab hauv (cov kabmob) phab ntsa. Kev teeb tsa kev sib txuas lus engineering tsis ua rau muaj kev nyuaj, txij li nws tau ua nruj me ntsis raws li txoj kev npaj ntawm lub tsev. Nws tuaj yeem ua tau ob qho tib si ua ntej thiab tom qab kev npaj ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsev.

Nyob hauv tsev

Cia peb mus rau txoj kev tsim lub hauv paus. Lub tshuab tsim lub tsev thav duab thiab cov lus piav qhia ib ntus ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem qhia tias lub hauv paus rau cov qauv no tuaj yeem yog peb hom:

  • tape;
  • columnar;
  • pile screw.

Strip foundation. Outwardly, nws zoo li ib tug pob zeb sawb, nyob rau hauv uas muaj kev txhawb zog. Yuav kom tsim tau nws, ib tug formwork yog mounted, nyob rau hauv uas lub pob zeb tov yog poured. Qhov siab ntawm lub hauv paus yuav txawv, txawm li cas los xij, yog tias lub hauv paus hauv qab tau npaj rau hauv lub tsev, cov phab ntsa ntawm lub hauv paus yuav tsum tau nce 60-80 cm. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, lawv yuav tsum tau rwb thaiv tsev thiab qhov cua.

peb tsim ib lub tsev nrog peb tus kheej tes
peb tsim ib lub tsev nrog peb tus kheej tes

Kab foundation. Qhov kev xaiv no yog qhov zoo dua rau cov qauv tsim. Cov ncej yog ntsia ntawm txhua lub ces kaum ntawm lub tsev, ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm cov phab ntsa thiab txhua 2 meters nyob rau hauv lub sab nraud thiab load-bearing ntsiab ntawm lub tsev. Ib lub qhov yog khawb hauv qab cov ncej, nyob rau hauv qab ntawm cov xuab zeb cushion yog muab tso rau. Formwork yog teem rau hauv qab ntawm lub recess, waterproofing khoom yog nteg. Tom qab kev npaj ua haujlwm, pob zeb yog nchuav.

Pile-ntsia hlau foundation. Cov pawg tiav yog screwed rau hauv av nruj me ntsis raws li qib thiab nchuav nrog pob zeb. Xws li lub hauv paus yog siv rau hauv av nrog lub rooj dej siab thiab hauv qhov chaw tsis sib xws.

Base binding

Rau cov craftsmen uas txiav txim siab los tsim ib lub tsev thav duab nrog lawv tus kheej txhais tes, cov kws txawj tswv yim yuav pab kom tsis txhob yuam kev. Cov neeg tsim khoom muaj kev paub dhau los pom zoo kom strapping raws li hauv qab no:

  1. Npaj cov ntoo ua ntej (ntu 20x20 lossis 20x25) kho nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob.
  2. Smear hlau lossis pob zeb hauv paus nrog mastic thiab npog nrog cov khoom siv dej tsis zoo.
  3. Tso lub nqaj raws ib puag ncig ntawm lub hauv paus kom nws npog tag nrho nws qhov chaw. Yog tias qhov ntev ntawm lub nqaj tsis txaus, ces 2 lub ntsiab tuaj yeem koom nrog. Qhov chawkev sib txuas yuav tsum tau nyob nruj me ntsis saum cov ncej. Fastening yog nqa tawm nrog tus kheej tapping screws.

Cov hlua txuas nrog lub hauv paus nrog cov bolts loj thiab cov studs. Fasteners yuav tsum tau tob rau hauv cov khoom.

Tshuaj hauv pem teb

Ib subfloor yog mounted rau saum lub strapping. Ua ntej, cov lags raug ntsia. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, nqa cov kab ntoo nrog ib ntu ntawm 10x12 centimeters thiab muab tso rau ntawm lub hauv paus strapping hauv increments ntawm 0.6-0.7 meters. Lub lag yog fastened nrog rau tes thiab ces kaum.

ua-nws-koj tus kheej thav duab tsev tsim ua ib kauj ruam
ua-nws-koj tus kheej thav duab tsev tsim ua ib kauj ruam

Cov kauj ruam tom ntej hauv kev tsim kho theem ntawm cov tsev thav duab yog nteg subfloor. Rau nws txoj kev npaj, cov khoom siv pheej yig tshaj yog siv - unedged board. Lub resulting nto yog them nrog waterproofing, rwb thaiv tsev thiab vapor barrier khoom. Muab cov plywood, OSB lossis floorboard rau saum.

Lub Tsev Ncej: cov lus qhia ua ntu zus rau kev sib sau lub hauv paus ntawm phab ntsa

Kev sib sau cov phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev pib nrog kev tsim cov thav duab. Nws yog ua raws li nram no:

  1. Raws li lub tswv yim rau kev sib sau cov qauv, ib ntu ntawm phab ntsa yog sib sau ua ke rau hauv pem teb, uas yog tom qab ntsia rau ntawm txoj hlua khi thiab tsau ntawm lub hauv paus nrog rau tes thiab cov ces kaum. Cov ncej ncej yog tsau nyob rau sab sauv thiab sab phab ntsa kab rov tav. Ntawm cov ces kaum, cov ntoo yog kho los ntawm kev txiav, tag nrho lwm cov racks yog tsau nrog steel fab.
  2. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm kab kab ntsug (ncej ncej) yog txiav txim siab nyob ntawm qhov dav ntawm daim ntawv ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev xaiv. Yog hais tias koj npaj yuav siv cov ntxhia wool, cesQhov sib txawv no yog txo los ntawm 2 cm kom cov khoom muag muag nruj dua nyob rau hauv qhov chaw khoob ntawm phab ntsa.
  3. Txhawm rau muab cov qauv kev nruj ntxiv, kab rov tav lintels raug kho ntawm qhov ntsug uprights ntawm phab ntsa (hauv cov qauv checkerboard). Lub qhov rais thiab qhov rooj qhib yog teem rau tib txoj kev. Raws li cov npoo ntawm lub qhov - nrog racks, thiab saum toj thiab hauv qab - nrog jumpers.
  4. Sab hauv partitions yog sib sau ua ke thiab fastened nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev zoo sib xws. Cov qauv tiav ntawm lub tsev yog khi nrog ib lub rooj tsavxwm los ntawm saum toj, uas muab nws ntxiv rigidity. Tom ntej no, cov phab ntsa yog sheathed nrog cov ntaub ntawv nti.

Tsim lub ru tsev qab nthab

Kev tsim kho ib ntus ntawm lub tsev thav duab nrog koj tus kheej tes yuav luag tiav. Nws tseem yuav sib sau ua ke lub ru tsev, thiab koj tuaj yeem pib ua tiav. Yuav kom fasten lub qab nthab beams nyob rau hauv lub beam ntawm lub sab sauv trim, nws yog tsim nyog los ua grooves. Rau kev ntseeg tau, cov kab teeb yog tsau nrog hlau fasteners. Tus nplaig-thiab-zaum qab nthab yog ntsia rau ntawm kab teeb.

ua-nws-koj tus kheej thav duab lub tsev cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws kauj ruam los ntawm kauj ruam cov lus qhia
ua-nws-koj tus kheej thav duab lub tsev cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws kauj ruam los ntawm kauj ruam cov lus qhia

Kev tsim kho theem ntawm cov tsev thav duab ntawm ib theem yog qhov txawv me ntsis ntawm kev tsim kho ntau lub tsev. Nyob rau hauv thawj qhov kev xaiv, ib tug vapor barrier, tshav kub-insulating thiab waterproofing cov ntaub ntawv yog nteg on top ntawm grooved boards, uas yog them nrog unedged boards los yog plywood. Yog hais tias lub tsev muaj ob peb plag tsev, ces cov flooring yog pw los ntawm ib tug nplaig-thiab-groove board.

ru tsev installation

Kev npaj lub ru tsev yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg tsim khoom uas txiav txim siab tsim lub tsev nrog lawv tus kheejtes. Cov lus pom zoo ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm paub txog yuav tsum tau kawm txawm tias ua ntej pib ua haujlwm. Lawv hais tias yuav tsum ua raws li qhov kev txiav txim no:

  1. Txhim lub ru tsev txoj kab nqes thiab nws hom. Rau cov tsev yooj yim ib-zaj dab neeg, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov qauv gable. Nyob rau hauv cov tsev uas muaj lub ru tsev tiaj tus, tsuas yog los ntawm ntau hom yog ntsia. Lub ru tsev ntawm lub tsev nrog veranda tuaj yeem yog hom sib xyaw: hla veranda - los, thiab tshaj lub tsev - gable.
  2. Raws li qhov tsis muaj ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev, xaiv qhov xav tau ntawm cov rafters. Cov khoom yuav tsum haum ywj siab thiab tuav ntawm lawv.
  3. Tom ntej no, ob lub boards (6 meters ntev) txuas nrog tsab ntawv "L" thiab nqa mus rau lub ru tsev, qhov chaw uas lawv muab tso rau sab sauv kom cov npoo ntawm cov rafters dai ntawm 30-50 cm.. Cov qauv yog tsau nrog crossbar thiab siv ua qauv rau rafters. Tom ntej no, cov rafters raug ntsia ntawm qhov deb ntawm 0.7 meters ntawm ib leeg.
  4. Nyob rau hauv lub ridge, cov rafters yog tsau siv "paw pem teb" txoj kev. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, lawv installation yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub gables. Ib tug hlau yog stretched ntawm cov huab rafters, uas qhia cov theem rau kev txhim kho lub ru tsev seem.

Thaum lub ntsiab thav duab npaj txhij, lub crate yog khoom rau ntawm rafters. Nyob ntawm cov khoom siv vov tsev uas tau xaiv, nws tuaj yeem ua tau zoo los yog thinned tawm. Cais, yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias txhua yam crate nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm lub ridge yog tsau tsis muaj qhov khoob.

tsev rwb thaiv tsev

Tam sim no cia peb mus rau qhov kawg ntawm kev sib dhos ntawm lub tsev ncej nyob rau theem. Kev tsim kho thiabthev naus laus zis ntawm kev txhim kho cov tsev zoo li no qhia txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lawv cov rwb thaiv tsev. Rau lub hom phiaj no, foamed polystyrene ua npuas ncauj, ntxhia wool thiab polystyrene ua npuas ncauj feem ntau yog siv.

Lub thickness ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev txheej yog xaiv los ntawm cov kev nyab xeeb thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm chav tsev. Rau txhua xyoo nyob rau hauv lub tsev, lub thickness ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog 5 cm.

frame house step by step cov lus qhia
frame house step by step cov lus qhia

Rwb thaiv tsev yog muab tso rau nruj ntawm cov kab ntsug ntawm tus ncej kom txhua txheej tom qab kaw cov pob qij txha ntawm yav dhau los. Cov khoom siv vapor barrier yog tsau rau ntawm phab ntsa, tom qab ntawd lawv tau sewn nrog OSB (slabs). Sab nraum, lub façade yog them nrog waterproofing thiab ib tug crate ntawm nyias laths yog mounted, uas yuav ua hauj lwm raws li lub hauv paus rau lub txheej cladding thiab muab cua rau lub tsev.

Tiav

Thaum kev tsim kho tiav lawm, koj tuaj yeem pib ua tiav lub tsev. Cov style thiab txoj kev ntawm sab hauv phab ntsa cladding tsuas yog nyob ntawm lub peev xwm thiab kev xav ntawm tus tswv tsev. Qhov tsuas yog qhov uas cov tswv tsev yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account yog tias cov khoom yuav tsum tsis txhob hnyav hnyav rau phab ntsa.

theem ntawm kev tsim lub tsev ncej
theem ntawm kev tsim lub tsev ncej

Sab nrauv cladding kuj tuaj yeem ua rau ntau hom. Feem ntau, kev sib tw, thaiv tsev, hauv ob sab phlu lossis lwm yam khoom siv zoo nkauj yog siv rau cov laj thawj no. Piv txwv li, kev tsim kho theem ntawm lub tsev thav duab hauv Art Nouveau style suav nrog kev siv lub teeb thiab cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim. Hauv qhov no, nws raug nquahu kom siv plaster. Rau lovers ntawm Provence, lub teeb imitations ntawm cib thiabntuj pob zeb.

Zoo kawg

Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm cov tsev thav duab yog kev sib dhos ceev thiab kev lag luam. Ua tsaug rau cov thev naus laus zis no, ntau tus neeg tuaj yeem them taus lawv lub tsev, uas yuav ua tau raws li tag nrho cov kev xav tau ntawm tsev neeg.

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev txhim kho cov tsev no yooj yim heev uas nws tsis ua rau muaj teeb meem txawm tias cov neeg tsim tshiab tshiab. Qhov kev xav tau tseem ceeb yog kev ua raws li cov thev naus laus zis thiab theem ntawm kev tsim lub tsev thav duab, uas txhais tau hais tias yog tias koj tsis ua yuam kev, lub tsev zoo li no yuav zoo siab rau cov tswv nrog kev sov siab thiab kev nplij siab rau ntau xyoo.

Pom zoo: