Cov tsev nyob rau lub sijhawm tam sim no tsuas yog nyiam cov tswv ntawm thaj chaw suburban. Ntawm tus nqi qis, lawv txawv los ntawm qhov loj ntawm qhov zoo tsis tuaj yeem. Ib qho ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov qauv no yog qhov yooj yim ntawm kev tsim kho. Nws yog qhov yooj yim heev - thav duab tsim. Cov cuab yeej siv rau kev tsim tsev ntawm hom no yuav tham hauv kab lus no.
Types of frame houses
Tsuas muaj ob hom tsev loj no xwb. Feem ntau lawv tau tsim raws li Finnish technology. Cov txheej txheem no tau paub rau noob neej txij li thaum Nrab Hnub nyoog. Finnish lub tsev yog ua los ntawm ib tug ntoo ncej thiab insulated nrog ntxhia wool. Tsis ntev los no, lwm yam thev naus laus zis rau kev tsim vaj tsev thav duab, Canadian, tau txais kev nyiam ntau dua. Hauv qhov no, SIP panels tau siv.
Yuav ua li cas ua ib qhov project
Txoj kev tsim kho, thev naus laus zis uas yuav tau piav qhia hauv qab no, zoo li lwm yam, pib nrog kev npaj ntawm qhov project. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab txog thaj tsam ntawm lub tsev thiab nwslayout. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xaiv qhov chaw zoo rau kev tsim kho. Yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 3 m ntawm qhov chaw dawb ntawm lub tsev mus rau cov neeg nyob ze lub laj kab, yam tsawg 5 m mus rau "liab" kab ntawm txoj kev.
Koj tseem yuav tau xaiv lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub ru tsev nqes hav. Nws tau txiav txim siab los txiav txim siab txog cov khoom siv vov tsev siv, nrog rau cua thiab daus hauv cheeb tsam tshwj xeeb no.
Project suav nrog:
- phiaj xwm chaw nrog qhov chaw ntawm lub tsev yav tom ntej tau cim rau ntawm nws thiab qhia txog txoj hauv kev muab kev sib txuas lus;
- frontal thiab profile projections ntawm lub tsev nws tus kheej;
- hom phiaj;
- sketch lossis 3D qauv;
- lub rooj qhia txhua yam khoom tsim nyog.
Foundation
Txoj kev tsim kho (ua-nws-koj tus kheej lossis kev tshaj lij thev naus laus zis), zoo li lwm yam, pib nrog kev tsim kho ntawm lub hauv paus ruaj khov. Nyob rau hauv xws li tsev, daim kab xev los yog pawg-grillage foundations feem ntau yog ntsia. Lub filling yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke (cement-sand-crushed pob zeb hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 1: 3: 5). Cov haujlwm hauv qhov no suav nrog cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:
- Tus cim yog ua raws li "Daim duab peb sab Egyptian" txoj kev.
- khawb ib lub trench lossis qhov rau ncej.
- Sand yog nchuav rau hauv qab nrog ib txheej ntawm 20-25 cm.
- Ntxhais khaus khaus khaus khaus khaus 5 cm.
- Formwork tab tom raug teeb tsa. Rau lub hauv paus sawb, nws tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov ntoo, rau kab hauv paus - los ntawm cov khoom siv vov tsev.
- Lub tawb txhawb nqa yog txuas thiab ntsia. Nws yog sib sau los ntawm tus pas nrig 12 hli tuab.
- Trench lossis pitspuv nrog pob zeb. Qhov saum npoo ntawm qhov sib tov yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo leveled.
Txhim kho bolts yog nchuav los ntawm saum toj. Lawv yuav tsum tau muab cov hlua khi qis.
Pib tsim cov ncej sib dhos
Kev tsim kho ntawm phab ntsa pib nrog kev teeb tsa ntawm qhov qis qis. Lawv ua los ntawm ib lub bar 100 x 100 los yog 150 x 150 mm. Tom qab ntawd lawv txuas nrog rau lub thauj tog rau nkoj bolts. Hauv cov ces kaum, cov kab txuas txuas nrog siv txoj kev "ib nrab tsob ntoo". Ua ntej kev teeb tsa, lub hauv paus yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo xyuas rau qib kab rov tav. Waterproof nws nrog ob txheej ntawm vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv, gluing nws mus rau bituminous mastic. Nyob rau theem kawg, kev lag luam hauv qab cov plag tsev yog txuas nrog txoj hlua khi.
Mounting racks
Finnish thav duab siv tshuab yog qhov ua tau yooj yim heev. Tom qab lub qis trim yog tsau, lawv mus, qhov tseeb, mus rau kev tsim kho ntawm phab ntsa. Cov ncej ncej yog ntsia ua ntej. Lawv tuaj yeem raug kho rau lub hauv paus nrog galvanized steel fab. Tom ntej no, muab cov racks nruab nrab. Tom qab lawv mounted, mus rau lub installation ntawm lub sab sauv trim. Nws tseem txuas nrog galvanized fab. Nws yuav tsim nyog los kho cov kab teeb hauv pem teb mus rau txoj hlua khi.
Kev sib sau ua ke truss
Tom qab cov thav duab ntawm cov phab ntsa tau txhim kho, kev teeb tsa lub ru tsev pib. Yav dhau los, racks tau nruab rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov kab hauv pem teb. Tom qab ntawd lawv txuas nrog ib lub voj voog khiav. Tom qab ntawd cov rafters raug txiav. Thaum txuas lawv ua khub, lawv nqa lawv mus rau lub ru tsev thiab nruab,kho tshaj qhov khiav. Ob txhais ceg yog tsau rau lub sam xeeb sab sauv nrog rau tes los yog kaum.
"Pie" phab ntsa
Ncej kev tsim kho (walling thev naus laus zis) suav nrog kev siv cov rwb thaiv tsev zoo niaj hnub nkaus xwb. Nws tuaj yeem yog bas alt wool lossis polystyrene ua npuas ncauj. Lub sheathing ntawm tus ncej yog pib tom qab lub rooj sib txoos ntawm lub truss system. Ua ntej, los ntawm sab hauv ntawm lub tsev, ib tug vapor barrier zaj duab xis yog rub mus rau racks. Tom ntej no, mount nplooj ntawv ntawm plywood los yog OSB. Tom qab ntawd, cov ntxhia wool slabs raug ntsia nruab nrab ntawm cov racks los ntawm sab nraud. Nyob rau theem tom ntej, ib zaj duab xis waterproofing yog mounted rau saum lub rwb thaiv tsev. Lawv kuj muab nws tso rau hauv cov tuav. Tom ntej no, cov phab ntsa yog sheathed nrog siding los yog clapboard.
Roof sheathing
Kev teeb tsa lub ru tsev pib nrog kev txuas cov dej tsis zoo rau cov rafters. Zaj duab xis yog tsau horizontally nrog me ntsis sag. Tom ntej no, lub crate yog khoom, thiab cov khoom vov tsev nws tus kheej yog mounted rau nws.
Kev tsim kho: tshuab los ntawm Canada
Thaum sib sau cov tsev siv Canadian thev naus laus zis, lub hauv paus thiab lub ru tsev tau txhim tsa tib yam nkaus. Tom qab pouring lub hauv paus, cav yog muab tso rau ntawm nws, thiab twb nyob rau ntawm lawv - pem teb SIP panels. Lawv tau txuas rau tus kheej tapping screws, thiab qhov khoob ntawm lawv yog foamed.
Tom ntej no, ib txoj hlua hlua txuas rau cov plag tsev tiav. Ua li no, ib lub qhov yog drilled los ntawm nws thiab cov panels nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus. Fastening yog nqa tawm ntawm thauj tog rau nkoj bolts. Thawj lub vaj huam sib luag yog mounted ntawm lub ces kaum ntawm lub tsev. Nws yog leveled thiab txuas mus rau lub strapping beam nrog self-tapping screws (raws li lub ledge ntawm OSB phaj). Ntxiv nrog rau lub ces kaum - nyob rau hauv txoj kab ncaj nraimlub kaum sab xis rau thawj - nruab lub vaj huam sib luag thib ob. Tom qab ntawd, tib txoj kev, cov seem ntawm cov phab ntsa raug sau. Qhov kawg ntawm cov panels yog foamed ua ntej installation. Lawv txuas rau ib leeg nrog tus kheej tapping screws (220 mm). Los ntawm saum toj no, qhov kawg ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag raug kaw nrog cov hlua khi.
Txoj-monolithic siv tshuab
Lub tsev muaj ob peb lub tsev tuaj yeem ua tau ib qho txawv me ntsis. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib yam li nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev siv Finnish technology, lub thav duab yog thawj sib sau ua ke, thiab cov sheathing yog siv raws li ib tug formwork rau pouring pob zeb los yog ua npuas ncauj qhob sib tov. Lub cladding ntawm cov tsev no feem ntau yog ventilated facade. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, sab hauv lossis hauv ob sab phlu feem ntau yog siv los ua kom tiav.
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, Canadian thev naus laus zis rau kev tsim cov tsev thav duab, zoo li Finnish lossis monolithic, tsis yog qhov nyuaj tshwj xeeb. Yog xav tsim lub tsev no yuav tsis nyuaj heev.
