Yog koj mus yuav ib lub tsheb, koj yuav xav tau ib lub chaw nres tsheb rau nws. Xws li kev nrhiav tau yog qhov tseem ceeb rau ntau tus, yog li cov tswv tshiab minted ntawm lawv tus kheej lub tsheb tab tom sim tsim lub chaw nres tsheb pheej yig nrog lawv tus kheej txhais tes. Cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub no ua rau nws tuaj yeem tsim tau hauv lub sijhawm luv tshaj plaws, siv nyiaj tsawg kawg nkaus.
xaiv khoom
Cov kev daws teeb meem pheej yig tshaj plaws rau cov phab ntsa yuav yog cov cinder blocks thiab ua npuas ncauj. Cov tom kawg yog yooj yim rau nteg, uas yog vim li cas cov neeg siv khoom xaiv cellular qhob feem ntau. Yog tias koj tab tom xav txog yuav ua li cas los tsim ib lub chaw nres tsheb pheej yig, ces koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau qhov ua npuas ncauj thaiv, uas muaj qhov hnyav me me, yog li txawm tias ib tus neeg yuav muaj peev xwm tswj tau cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm. Rau cov chaw nres tsheb zoo li no, lub hauv paus pob zeb yog tsim nyog, thaum qhov dav ntawm cov qauv tuaj yeem yog kwv yees li 200 hli.
Xav txog yuav ua li cas thiaj tsim tau ib lub chaw nres tsheb pheej yig, koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias nws yog qhov zoo dua los ua lub hauv paus qis, uas yuav txo tau cov nqi ntawm kev tsim kho. Peb lub voos xwmfab ntawm pob zeb yuav xav tau los tsim kom tau ib lub chaw nres tsheb nrog qhov ntev ntawm 3 x 6 m. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub hauv paus yuav tsum tau tob tob los ntawm 0.9 m. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov ntsuas no tsis yog tus qauv, vim tias lub hauv paus yuav tsum tau tob tob los ntawm 0.9 m. yuav tsum nyob hauv qab ntawm kab cim kab.
Xav kom tsim lub chaw nres tsheb pheej yig nrog koj tus kheej tes, koj kuj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas lub ru tsev pheej yig. Kev lig kev cai, nws yog ib leeg-pitched nrog ib tug ntoo ncej system thiab slate txheej. Txhawm rau txo tus nqi siab tshaj plaws, nws yuav txaus rau nruab tsuas yog ib lub crate hauv qab slate. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los tsis kam siv ondulin, vim tias nws yuav luag ob npaug ntawm tus nqi vov tsev.
Kev tsim kho ntawm aerated qhob chaw nres tsheb
Yog tias koj xav txog cov lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas los tsim ib lub chaw nres tsheb, koj tuaj yeem xaiv cov pob zeb aerated. Lub hauv paus tuaj yeem ua tsis tau tsuas yog hnav daim kab xev, tab sis kuj monolithic. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom siv lub pob zeb ua kom muaj zog ntxiv. Nrog nws cov kev pab, nws yuav muaj peev xwm faib lub load kom sib npaug li sai tau, uas yuav txo tau sedimentary deformation kom tsawg.
Yog tias koj xav kom txo tus nqi ntawm kev tsim kho kom ntau li ntau tau, ces nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov sawb lossis cov hauv paus sib xyaw ua ke, uas yog ua los ntawm cov pob zeb ua kom muaj zog thiab cov kab nrib pleb monolithic. Tom qab lub hauv paus ua tiav thiab cov pob zeb ua kom tawv, koj tuaj yeem pib ua phab ntsa.
thawj kab yuav tsumyuav tsum tau nqa tawm ntawm ib tug pre-ntev txheej, thiab yog hais tias koj txiav txim siab siv ib tug monolithic reinforced pob zeb slab, ces aerated qhob blocks yog nteg ncaj qha rau ntawm lub hauv paus nto. Qhov no yuav tso cai rau cov dej tsis zoo siv cov khoom siv yob. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom yuav cov hydrostekloizol, uas tau muab tso rau saum ntawm bituminous mastic.
phab ntsa
Yog tias, thaum txiav txim siab yuav ua li cas los tsim lub chaw nres tsheb los ntawm, koj xaiv aerated qhob blocks, ces lawv yuav tsum tau nqa tawm nrog hnav khaub ncaws ntawm seams. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov cement mortar los yog kua nplaum ua ib qho kev sib xyaw masonry. Qhov kev xaiv tom kawg yuav raug nqi me ntsis ntxiv, tab sis kev ua haujlwm nrog qhov sib tov no yooj yim dua thiab yooj yim dua. Lub thickness ntawm cov seam tuaj yeem yog qhov txwv ntawm 3 mus rau 5 hli, thaum siv ib lub mortar, qhov ntsuas no yuav nce mus rau 1 cm.
Txhua ob kab ntawm masonry yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ib tug hlau reinforcing mesh, nws cov npoo yuav tsum protrude ob peb centimeters dhau ntawm phab ntsa, uas yuav tso cai rau koj los tswj lub nteg ntawm lub reinforcement. Thaum siv cov pob zeb aerated, jumper beams muab tso rau ntawm qhov qhib rau lub rooj vag. Rau ib lub tshuab, qhov dav ntawm qhov qhib yuav yog kwv yees li 3 m, thaum rau ob lub tshuab nws muaj peev xwm ua tau ib qho qhib nrog qhov dav txog li 6 m.
Lub jumper yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm ob lub kaum sab xis, lub txee ntawm txhua qhov yuav yog 100 hli. Cov ces kaum yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv cov npoo ntawm cov blocks thiab tsau rau ib leeg nrog cov hlau strips los yog kev txhawb zog hauv ntau qhov chaw. Tom qab ntawd cov khoom yuav tsum tau coated nrog primer. Jumper yuav tsum tau muab tso raumus rau tib txoj kev daws teeb meem uas yog siv thaum tso aerated qhob blocks. Lub ntug ntawm lub nqaj ntawm ob sab yuav tsum nyob ntawm phab ntsa kom ntev li 200 mm. Yog tias koj npaj yuav nruab qhov qhib dav dua, ces koj yuav tsum tau suav cov nqaj, coj mus rau hauv tus account lub bending load.
Thaum tsim lub chaw nres tsheb los ntawm cov pob zeb aerated, koj yuav tsum ua kom tiav kev tsim kho ntawm phab ntsa, tsuas yog tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv nrog txoj siv sia. Lawv tsim yuav nyob ntawm seb hom ru tsev, cov plag tsev thiab phab ntsa nta. Hauv qhov no, kev thauj khoom yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account. Yog hais tias nws yog npaj los tsim ib tug thib ob pem teb, nws yuav tsum tau nteg ib tug reinforced pob zeb monolithic siv. Txhawm rau txhim kho lub ru tsev ntawm lub ru tsev ntoo, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau nteg ib lub mauerlat, uas yog lub cav lossis ntoo nqaj. Nws yuav tsum tau kho, thiab ua ntej yuav nteg lub strapping beam, waterproofing los ntawm bituminous mastic thiab yob cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm phab ntsa.
Txhob tso rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm qhov pom
Aerated qhob chaw nres tsheb yuav xav tau kev tsim kho ntawm qhov pom. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, lub qhov dej yog khawb, qhov ntev ntawm qhov yuav ua tau raws li hauv qab no 1.5 x 0.8 x 1.8 mm. Sab hauv phab ntsa ntawm lub qhov yuav tsum tau lined nrog cib, thiab ces them nrog plaster. Txhawm rau ua tiav cov haujlwm no, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau siv slag cib, uas muaj dej tsis kam.
Rau plastering nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum siv ib feem ntawm cov cement thiab 4 seem ntawm cov xuab zeb, diluted nrog dej. Thaum kawg, cov phab ntsa yog pleev xim rau. Raws li ib puag ncig, koj tuaj yeem nruab ib lub thav duab welded los ntawm cov ces kaum profile. Rau concretingpem teb, koj tuaj yeem siv tib txoj kev daws teeb meem rau kev teeb tsa lub hauv paus. Lub thickness ntawm txheej yuav yog kwv yees li 70 hli.
Tsim lub cinder block garage: tsim lub hauv paus
Ib lub tsev cinder thaiv tuaj yeem ua rau ntawm lub hauv paus pob zeb tawg. Nws yuav tsis tsuas yog pheej yig, tab sis kuj yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws los ua. Yuav pib nrog, ib tug trench yog dug, nyob rau hauv qab ntawm uas rubble pob zeb yog nteg nyob rau hauv txheej. Cov txheej yuav tsum tau ntim nrog cov cement. Koj yuav tsum siv qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm qib M-150 lossis siab dua.
Rau kev npaj tus kheej, Portland cement 400 yuav tsum tau tov nrog xuab zeb thiab dej. Cov kua yuav xav tau ntau npaum li ntawd kom ua tiav qhov txav ntawm qhov sib tov. Txhawm rau txhim kho lub plinth raws thaj tsam ntawm lub trench, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau nruab ib lub formwork ntoo. Waterproofing ntawm ob txheej ntawm cov khoom vov tsev yog nteg nyob rau hauv qab daus.
Tsev phab ntsa thiab ru tsev
Los ntawm kev yuav cov khoom siv hauv tsev pheej yig, koj tuaj yeem pib tsim phab ntsa. Txog rau tam sim no, cov rooj vag raug teeb tsa, uas yuav ntxiv dag zog rau hauv masonry thaum nws tau txhim kho. Thaum txhim kho cinder blocks, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau soj ntsuam kev hnav khaub ncaws ntawm seams. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los pib lub installation ntawm cov khoom los ntawm cov ces kaum, rub lub qaum ntawm lawv.
120mm I-beams yuav tsum siv rau hauv pem teb. Lawv qhov ntev yuav tsum yog 25 cm ntau tshaj qhov dav ntawm chav tsev. Cov ntsiab lus yog nyob thoob plaws lub chaw nres tsheb hauv 80 cm increments kom cov ntsiab lus rov qab txoj kab nqes ntawm phab ntsa ntev. Tom qab ua tiav cov haujlwm no, koj tuaj yeem pib xaws hauv pem teb. Hauv qab no yog 40-mm tuav, nyob rau sab saum tojkhoom siv vov tsev.
Nyob rau theem tom ntej, slag, semi-rigid ntxhia slab los yog nthuav av nplaum yog nteg. Thaum tsim lub chaw nres tsheb pheej yig nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes, koj yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm nws tsis tas yuav kho thiab them nqi ntxiv. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, thaum tso lub ru tsev, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los nqa tawm ntawm sab nraub qaum thiab pem hauv ntej los ntawm 20 cm. Cov visors zoo li no tiv thaiv cov phab ntsa kom tsis txhob ntub thaum los nag. Ib tug screed yog ua nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub ru tsev cov ntaub ntawv thiab slag, lub thickness ntawm uas yuav tsum yog 20 hli. Thaum kawg, lub ru tsev yog tiv thaiv los ntawm ya raws nrog rubemast los yog aquaizol.
Txoj kev tsim lub tsev nres tsheb los ntawm cov hlau profile
Ib lub chaw nres tsheb ua los ntawm cov yeeb nkab profile tsuas yog 30,000 rubles. Yuav kom sib sau cov thav duab, koj tuaj yeem siv lub tshuab vuam los yog kev sib txuas bolted. Tom qab lub thav duab sib dhos ua tiav, nws qhov chaw yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv nrog primer thiab lub tsho tiv no ntawm cov xim pleev xim rau ntawm theem kawg.
Cov ncej tiav yog sheathed nrog cov nplooj ntawv ntawm cov hlau profiled. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov thav duab, koj tuaj yeem siv cov xim tshwj xeeb uas tsim nyog txawm tias qhov chaw xeb. Qhov kev xaiv no yuav txuag tsis tau nyiaj xwb, tab sis kuj lub sijhawm. Thaum siv cov khoom pleev xim, txheej txheej tiv thaiv yog tsim los tiv thaiv corrosion.
Tsim ib lub tsev ntoo
Lub chaw nres tsheb ua los ntawm cov laug cam yuav tuaj yeem tiv taus lub hauv paus monolithic, uas tseem yuav ua rau hauv pem teb muaj zog. Tom qab lub mortar tau hardened, lub hauv qab trim yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov laug cam, qhov loj ntawm 100 x 500 mm.
Rau kev tsim cov rooj vag thiab kaum cov ncej, nws yog qhov tsim nyogsiv cov square bar nrog ib sab ntawm 100 mm. Txhawm rau ua kom lub zog ntawm cov ncej nyob rau hauv cov ces kaum, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los nruab struts. Txhawm rau tsim ib lub chaw nres tsheb zoo li no, cov khoom siv hauv tsev yuav raug nqi pheej yig. Tom qab ua tiav cov haujlwm ntawm lub thav duab, koj tuaj yeem pib tsim lub ru tsev. Rau qhov no, boards 100 x 25 mm yog siv, uas yog sheathed nrog profiled nplooj.
Zoo kawg
Koj tuaj yeem tsim lub chaw nres tsheb pheej yig nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes los ntawm kev txhim kho cov rooj vag ntoo. Lawv cov nqi piv rau cov hlau yuav qis dua, nrog rau kev ntseeg tau. Yog tsis muaj kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv, tus nqi ntawm lub chaw nres tsheb tuaj yeem txo qis dua. Tab sis yog tias koj ua haujlwm ntawm koj tus kheej, koj tuaj yeem txuag tau ntawm cov kev pabcuam ntawm cov kws tshaj lij. Koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb cov ntaub ntawv twg xav tau los ntawm kev nyeem cov ntaub ntawv hauv kab lus. Hauv qab no yog cov thev naus laus zis los tsim lub chaw nres tsheb pheej yig.
