Kev kho dua tshiab ntawm lub tsev lossis chav tsev yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ua tiav ntawm lub qab nthab nyob hauv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nyob rau hauv ntau lub tsev mus rau niaj hnub no muaj ntoo ceilings, ua hauj lwm nrog uas muaj ib co nuances. Piv txwv li, lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob muab tso rau "pob" thaiv, nws yuav tsum nyob rau hauv qhov pom
Kev tsim kho 2024, Cuaj hlis
Tsis muaj kev kho kom zoo yog ua tiav yam tsis tau muab lub qab nthab hauv kev txiav txim. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj dab tsi xav tsis thoob hauv qhov no, txij li nws yog lub qab nthab npog uas yog ib qho ntawm thawj zaug los saib. Yog li ntawd, kev xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab kev daws teeb meem hauv cheeb tsam no yog qhov tseem ceeb
Kev tu cov khoom siv sib txuas lus thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob feem ntau yuav tsum tau siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov chav neeg rau zaub mov, chav ua haujlwm thiab chav tswj hwm, lub hom phiaj ua haujlwm uas suav nrog kev teeb tsa ntawm IT. Pab kom daws tau qhov teeb meem no mounting khib, muab nrog ib tug txhim khu kev qha kev txhawb nqa thiab mounting fittings
Lub hauv paus ntawm txhua lub tsev yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom muaj zog load-bearing thav duab ua los ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntsug thiab kab rov tav. Nws tsim tuaj yeem suav nrog phab ntsa, kab, kab teeb thiab slabs. Thiab yog hais tias cov khoom ntsug ntawm lub kaw lus feem ntau siv cov khoom thauj, ces cov kab rov tav, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, tsim cov khoom hnyav
Muaj ntau cov lus qhia txog yuav ua li cas thiaj ua tau lub cellar kom zoo. Ua ntej, koj yuav tsum paub cov qib dej hauv av. Yog tias nws siab heev, ces koj yuav tsum tau tso tseg cov qauv ntawm cov cellar thiab nrhiav kev daws teeb meem uas tsis yog qauv. Qhov thib ob yog txiav txim siab ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm - terrace, chav ua noj lossis chav nkag
Zoo li txhua lub tshuab, nqa lub qhov rooj rau qhov rooj muaj ntau hom: nce-thiab-tshaj, ntu, dov. Tag nrho cov no tau koom ua ke los ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm - nqa lub qhov rooj nplooj
Natural paths stones yog ib qho khoom siv zoo heev uas ib txwm siv los tsim kev ua vaj, ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim toj roob hauv pes. Pom zoo tias ib lub pob zeb (txawm tias yog ib qho zoo nkauj) tuaj yeem hu ua ib qho ntawm qhov xwm txheej. Tej zaum yog vim li cas nws zoo nkaus li zoo hauv txhua lub vaj
Yuav ua li cas nteg paving pob zeb nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes thiab cov khoom siv twg xaiv? Niaj hnub no, paving pob zeb tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam vim lawv lub zog, durability thiab ntau qhov zoo, uas suav nrog kev yooj yim, kev ruaj ntseg, ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg thiab kav ntev
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm hnub so hauv lub tebchaws yuav yog lub brazier txoj cai. Niaj hnub no nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam thiab hauv khw muag khoom online koj tuaj yeem pom ntau tus ntawm lawv: forged, cib, hlau thiab pob zeb. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xaiv lub brazier rau lub caij ntuj sov chaw nyob, haum rau ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb
Stairs yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm sab hauv thiab yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Nws tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv raws li cov qauv tsim sib txawv, uas tso cai rau cov khoom lag luam zoo thiab tshwj xeeb
Arbors yog lub teeb kaw, ib nrab kaw lossis qhib hom. Kaw zoo li glazed vaj tse, zoo li ib tug me me lub tsev, uas yog ruaj khov ntsia rau lub hauv paus rau lub gazebo
Yuav ua li cas npog lub ru tsev nrog cov khoom siv vov tsev thiab ua haujlwm kom raug thiab ua tau zoo? Cov lus nug no yog nug los ntawm ntau tus neeg zoo tib yam uas tau txiav txim siab rau lawv tus kheej, tsis muaj kev pab los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij, los npog lub ru tsev ntawm lawv lub tsev, los yog lub tsev nres tsheb nrog cov khoom siv no
Phab ntsa kho kom zoo nkauj nrog pob zeb ua ib txoj hauv kev kom muaj kev sib txawv ntawm sab hauv, kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm, phab ntsa kho kom zoo nkauj nrog cov pob zeb zoo nkauj hauv theem
Cov tswv ntawm thaj chaw nyob deb nroog uas muaj av nplaum los yog nyob hauv thaj av qis feem ntau ntsib teeb meem xws li dej nyab los nag lossis dej yaj. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev tsaws thiab cov hauv paus ntawm lub tsev thiab ntau yam kev tsim tawm, cov dej ntws tau nruab rau ntawm cov khoom sib faib. Cov hom yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab pheej yig tshaj ntawm cov tes hauj lwm zoo li no yog cov kwj dej ntws
Thaum cov yas panels tau tshwm sim ntawm kev lag luam Lavxias teb sab, lawv tau ua kom tawg thiab tau txais kev nyiam tam sim ntawd. Piav txog chav tsev, lub qab nthab thiab phab ntsa uas tau paneled, ib lo lus tsis meej thiab yav tas los tsis paub tau hais - "European-style renovation"
Kho chav dej lossis chav dej yog qhov nyuaj thiab raug nqi ntau heev. Kev txo nqi yog kev npau suav ntawm txhua tus neeg uas koom nrog coj lawv lub tsev nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim. Yuav ua li cas? Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws los siv PVC phab ntsa panels. Lawv yog cov pheej yig, yooj yim rau nruab thiab ntxuav
Cov kab lus qhia txog hom loj ntawm cov yas panels thiab lawv qhov ntau thiab tsawg. Tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom siv kuj tau qhia
Veneer yog dab tsi, tsis yog txhua tus paub, tab sis tsuas yog cov uas cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom no. Qhov no yog lub npe rau nyias txheej ntawm ntoo, uas tau los ntawm sawing, npaj los yog tev ntoo cav
Yog tias koj txaus siab rau lub vaj huam sib luag, ces koj tau tuaj rau qhov chaw. Ntawm no koj yuav pom tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv, los ntawm lawv cov chaw tsim khoom mus rau lawv daim ntawv thov. Thiab ntau yam xim yuav pleasantly surprise koj
Tam sim no, kev xaiv cov khoom siv kho dua tshiab hauv cov khw muag khoom kho vajtse loj heev. Niaj hnub no peb yuav tau paub nyob rau hauv kev nthuav dav nrog cov khoom ntawm lub tuam txhab Askiv Dulux, uas yog lub qab nthab xim. Nws belongs rau cov khoom siv hauv chav kawm hwm thiab tau nyob ntev ib qho chaw muaj koob npe nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam Lavxias
Tau ntau xyoo lawm, engineers thiab builders tau nkees nkees los nrhiav txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws thiab ntuj tsim los pab cov phab ntsa ntawm cov tsev kom tshem tawm cov dej noo ntau dhau. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsim lub qhov cua facade, qhov kev teeb tsa uas koj tuaj yeem ua koj tus kheej. Txhua yam khoom siv tuaj yeem siv ua tiav rau qhov no, tab sis hauv qab no peb yuav tham txog kev txhim kho porcelain stoneware
Txawm hais tias lub tsev tau ua los ntawm pob zeb, pob zeb lossis cib, nws yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv ntxiv ntawm cov phab ntsa sab nrauv los ntawm qhov tsis zoo. Xws li kev tiv thaiv tuaj yeem yog porcelain stoneware facade. Cov txheej txheem no tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam nyob rau xyoo tas los no
Concrete M350 yog cov khoom siv zoo heev uas ua rau nws tuaj yeem tsim cov qauv tseem ceeb rau ntau lub hom phiaj thiab ntau yam khoom siv ua ntej. Tom qab hardening, qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab rau sab nraud influences, muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog compressive zog
River pebbles yog pob zeb tawg ntawm ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg uas tau dhau mus ntev thiab ceev faj txheej txheem ntawm polishing los ntawm dej thiab glaciers. Qhov loj tshaj plaws deposits ntawm no tshwj xeeb tej yam ntuj tso khoom nyob rau hauv lub foothills ntawm lub Caucasus, lub Urals, Altai, Karelia thiab lwm lub roob. Vim nws cov natural muaj pes tsawg leeg, uas ua ke quartz thiab granite, pebbles yog cov khoom siv hauv tsev muaj zog thiab ruaj khov
Kev sib txawv ntawm skylights. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm Velux skylights. Qhov twg ntawm cov kev xaiv los muab kev nyiam. Cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov teeb pom kev zoo los ntawm lub tuam txhab Velux. Nta ntawm installation ntawm skylights. Kev xav ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom thiab cov tswv ntawm skylights. Cov nqi khoom lag luam thiab cov neeg muag khoom nrov
Paub txog hom polystyrene, qhov ntom ntawm cov khoom siv, cov kev xaiv rau kev siv nws rau qee qhov chaw yuav pab txuag lub sijhawm thiab ua haujlwm kom zoo li sai tau. Kev siv cov khoom siv ntxiv hauv qhov sib xyaw ua ke ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv lub cev thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev siv tshuab
Nyob hauv cov nroog niaj hnub no, ntau thiab ntau dua tau saib xyuas los tsim teeb pom kev zoo nkauj rau cov tsev thiab cov vaj tse. Kho kom zoo nkauj tsim tsis tsuas yog ua rau kom lub siab zoo ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv thiab cov qhua ntawm megacities, tab sis kuj txhim khu kev zoo nkauj tag nrho ntawm ntau yam architectural complexes
Qee zaum cov kav dej hauv chav dej thiab chav dej zoo nkaus li phem: xeb, npog hauv cobwebs thiab tsuas yog dab tuag xwb. Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj tseeb ntawm cov qub Soviet-tsev tsev. Hauv cov tsev tshiab, qhov teeb meem no tsis yog mob heev, vim tias txhua qhov kev sib txuas lus tau sim ua daim npog qhov ncauj
Muaj ntau hom ntaiv. Lawv tus qauv tsim nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub tsev, ib tus neeg chav, nrog rau lub hom phiaj ntawm cov ntaiv lawv tus kheej. Nyob ntawm qhov kev teeb tsa ntawm chav tsev, lawv yog ib- thiab ob lub peb hlis ntuj
Ntaiv ya davhlau yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm tus qauv staircase, thiab lawv cov kev txwv yog qhov kev txiav txim siab cuam tshuam rau tag nrho cov haujlwm ntawm cov qauv
Cov ntaiv ntawm lub bolts tsis yog tsuas yog elegant thiab openwork, tab sis kuj yog ib tug txhim khu kev qha thiab ruaj ntseg tsim. Nrog kev npaj ua tib zoo thiab txoj hauv kev zoo, koj tuaj yeem kho koj lub tsev nrog koj tus kheej
Ntoo imitation cav muaj qee qhov zoo dua lwm cov ntaub ntawv, ntawm lawv cov nqi qis, kev ua haujlwm zoo, kev yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa, thiab kev phooj ywg ib puag ncig. Tus nqi qis yog txuam nrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis
Retractable sab hauv lub qhov rooj tsis yog ib qho kev tsim tshiab, tab sis, txawm hais tias nws cov ergonomics thiab rational justification, qhov tsim no tseem tsis tau txais kev lees paub thiab kev faib tawm kom raug
Txhua-iav partitions yog ib qho kev sib tsoo tsis muaj qhov tsim, uas muaj cov ntawv iav ruaj khov thiab cov hlau clamping profile. Lawv yog siv rau ergonomic faib ntawm chaw ua hauj lwm chaw ua hauj lwm chaw ua hauj lwm. Xws li kev faib khoom yog nruab rau hauv khw thiab chaw noj qab haus huv, chaw ua haujlwm, chaw lom zem, sab hauv ntiag tug
Russian lub tsev yog qhov nyuaj rau xav txog yam tsis muaj veranda. Txawm li cas los xij, cov haujlwm niaj hnub no muaj cov kev daws teeb meem tshiab, yog li lub veranda rau lub tsev yog tsim tsawg thiab tsawg, thiab cov terraces raug tsim, uas feem ntau tseem qhib. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis txhob chim siab, vim tias koj tuaj yeem muab kev nplij siab hauv lub tebchaws nrog koj txhais tes
Ntoo sashes yog qhov tsim qauv tseem ceeb ntawm txhua lub tsev. Lawv yog cov xav tau feem ntau los ntxiv dag zog rau glazing teb. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hlua khi ua haujlwm zoo nkauj hauv kev tsim lub qhov rais, txhim kho nws cov cua sov thiab lub suab rwb thaiv tsev zoo
Thaum peb xav txog kev kho lub chav ua noj, peb tam sim xav txog chav tsev cozy nrog cov vuas zoo nkauj ntawm phab ntsa thiab hauv pem teb. Qhov no yog kev npau suav uas nyiam ntawm txhua tus niam tsev. Qhov tseeb, kev xaiv loj ntawm cov xim, yooj yim los ntxuav, ya raws resistant, tsis ntshai ntawm kub hloov - koj xav tau dab tsi ntxiv? Qhov tsuas yog qhov txaus ntshai yog tus nqi siab ntawm cov vuas thiab kev teeb tsa ua haujlwm
England yog lub tebchaws uas muaj huab cua tshwj xeeb. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb no uas tshuav ib qho loj imprint ntawm kev tsim cov style ntawm architecture
Lub staircase hauv tsev tam sim no tsis yog lub luag haujlwm nkaus xwb, zoo li yav dhau los. Nws kuj ua tau ib qho tseem ceeb tsim muaj nuj nqi, yog ib qho ntawm lub ntsiab decorations ntawm chav tsev
Thaum npaj kev tsim kho ntawm lub teb chaws lub tsev nrog ob peb plag tsev, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xav txog yuav ua li cas los npaj kev sib txuas ntawm ntau theem hauv qhov siab. Lub staircase yuav tsum tsis tsuas yog haum rau kev tsim ntawm lub tsev, tab sis kuj ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm kev ua haujlwm, kev ntseeg siab thiab ergonomics. Niaj hnub nimno modular stairs ua tau raws li qhov kev thov, tab sis tsuas yog yog tias tus qauv tsim raug xaiv raug rau cov kev siv tshwj xeeb