Kev tsim kho 2024, Kaum ib hlis

Yuav xaiv dab tsi thiab yuav xaj li cas kom cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub haum rau koj? Nws tuaj yeem ua rau ntau hom. Qhov no yog ib txwm version ntawm rods, ces kaum los yog profiles, raws li zoo raws li cov neeg tseem ceeb forged khoom. Ntawm no, txhais tes ntawm tus tswv tawm nws cov cim, ua kom zoo nkauj tiag tiag ntawm cov hlau zoo tib yam. Lattices kuj txawv ntawm txoj kev fastening thiab qhib

Lub khw muaj ntau yam khoom siv uas zoo thiab tus nqi qis. Thaiv tsev - qhov no yog qhov koj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo mloog

Ntau zuj zus, Western thev naus laus zis tau siv hauv kev tsim kho, suav nrog kev siv phab ntsa qhuav, putties thiab ntoo panels. Thiab nws yog OSB-phaj, kev puas tsuaj rau kev noj qab haus huv los ntawm kev siv uas ua rau muaj kev sib tham nrog cov neeg zoo tib yam thiab cov kws tshaj lij

Ib qho chaw so zoo hauv lub tebchaws tuaj yeem yog lub ru tsev terrace. Thaum npaj cov qauv zoo li no, qee cov cai yuav tsum tau ua. Pem teb, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug terrace yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo waterproofed thiab insulated. Rooj tog rau lub ru tsev fenced kuj yuav tsum tau xaiv kom zoo zoo li sai tau

Thawj chav tsev zoo li cas? Kev tsim kho nta thiab nuances. Serial kev tsim kho ntawm panels thiab piv txwv ntawm layout ntawm tsib-storey tsev

Lub hauv paus hauv qab yog ib qho hauv pem teb uas yog ib yam nyob nruab nrab ntawm thawj theem thiab hauv qab daus, vim nyob ib nrab underground. Nws cov phab ntsa tsim lub hauv paus. Raws li txoj cai, lawv sim tsis tso cov tsev nyob hauv qab daus

Qhov dej hauv lub ntiaj teb yog drilled tsis yog tsuas yog txhawm rau tshem tawm dej lossis roj thiab roj, tab sis kuj tseem kawm txog keeb kwm thiab keeb kwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm, ib tug ntawm cov boldest kev tshawb fawb tej yaam num yog qhov tob tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no nyob rau hauv lub Kola Peninsula, uas mus 12 kilometers mus rau qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb

Metro, metro… Rau qee qhov, qhov khaus, tsaus muag, lub nceeg vaj hauv av, tab sis rau lwm tus - lub ntiaj teb tag nrho ntawm kev paub tsis meej, kev nco qab zoo thiab kev xav

Ua tsaug rau cov pob khawm, lub qhov rooj tuaj yeem qhib thiab kaw tau yooj yim thiab nyob ruaj khov ntawm lub qhov rooj. Qhov zoo dua cov hinges, qhov ruaj ntseg ntawm lub qhov rooj. Dab tsi ntawm qhov rooj hinges muaj? Cov ntaub ntawv dab tsi yog lawv tsim los ntawm? Thiab yuav ua li cas xaiv txoj cai loops?

Yuav lub qhov rooj tshiab thiab txiav txim siab los nruab koj tus kheej? Tsis muaj teeb meem. Cia peb xav txog yuav ua li cas sib sau ua ke thiab nruab ib lub qhov rooj nrog koj tus kheej tes

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv xws li ntoo zoo li hlau siding yog tias tsis tas yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm xws li pleev xim, xuab zeb, impregnation, tiv thaiv kab, ya raws, pwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, hlau yog ntau ruaj thiab muaj zog dua ntoo, thiab cov xwm txheej ntawm cov ntoo yuav tsis tshwm sim - lub siding yuav tsis qhuav tawm nyob rau hauv lub scorching hnub thiab yuav tsis o ntawm ntau dampness

Sab nraud, qhov profile sawv ntsug rau PVC qhov rais yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev txhim khu kev ruaj ntseg ntawm flashings thiab qhov rais sills. Thaum lub sij hawm tsim khoom ntawm ib feem, ib qho kev tsim thiab ntu txuas nrog, uas, thaum lub sij hawm kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm lub caij, tso cai rau koj kom ruaj ntseg txuas ntxiv qhov chaw ntawm lub qhov rais profile rau koj tus kheej thiab khaws qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov cua sov hauv tsev

Vim nws txoj kev zoo nkauj thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo, nws tseem nrov niaj hnub no, txawm tias muaj ntau yam khoom siv niaj hnub no. Noble graceful pob zeb muaj nplua nuj ntxoov thiab harmoniously zoo nyob rau hauv ntau yam style

Cov xaim hluav taws xob zoo sab nraum zoov hauv tsev ntoo dhau los ua kev lees paub ntawm kev nyob nyab xeeb hauv lub tsev zoo li no rau tib neeg. Txhawm rau tsim cov txheej txheem no kom raug, koj yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account cov lus qhia ntawm cov kws tshaj lij hluav taws xob. Hauv qhov no, kev xaim yuav kav ntev thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb

Lub hauv paus raug suav tias yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv tseem ceeb (nto), uas yav tom ntej cov qauv, lawv cov khoom, cov cuab yeej siv, cov qauv tsim vaj tsev, thiab lwm yam yuav raug ntsia (mounted, thov), thiab lwm yam. lawv txawv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov, uas yog, nyob rau hauv dab tsi yuav muab tso rau lawv thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho (installation) engineering los yog technical structures (duab)

Kev thauj: yog dab tsi? Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom yog dab tsi? Cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog tau nthuav tawm hauv kab lus no

Muaj peb txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv tus txiv neej lub neej. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog tsim ib lub tsev. Qhov tsab xov xwm no yuav qhia nyob rau hauv kom meej cov txheej txheem ntawm high-zoo phased kev tsim kho ntawm ib lub tsev cib ntawm nws qhov chaw. Ua tsaug rau cov lus piav qhia ntxaws ntxaws ntawm txhua qhov haujlwm, tus tsim yuav ua tiav txoj haujlwm tiav

Kev muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj lub tsev thiab hais txog kev muaj nyiaj ntau ntawm nws tus tswv ua rau pob zeb slate nrov heev hnub no. Dab tsi yog qhov zoo ntawm slate roofing tshaj lwm cov ntaub ntawv thiab yog nws yooj yim rau nruab, peb yuav xav txog hauv tsab xov xwm no

Kev nyob nyab xeeb rau tib neeg yog tsim tsis yog los ntawm cov tsev nyob zoo thiab cov tsev zoo nkauj xwb, tab sis kuj yog los ntawm dab tsi dhau ntawm qhov pib ntawm lawv lub tsev - qhov chaw qhib nyob ib sab ntawm cov tsev. Kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm thaj chaw hauv thaj chaw siab siab tsis yog ib qho khoom plig rau niaj hnub tiam sis hauv kev txhim kho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Qhov no yog qhov yuav tsum tau ceev nrooj los tsim kev ua neej nyob zoo rau cov pej xeem

Plaster mixes yog cov khoom siv hauv tsev tsim rau cov phab ntsa plastering. Lawv yog siv rau ob qho tib si sab nraum zoov thiab sab hauv tsev. Cov khoom siv no tau siv txawm tias nrog cov neeg tsim cov pyramids. Paub cov cement, txiv qaub thiab gypsum mixs

Nws yog qhov yooj yim tsis tuaj yeem xav txog lub neej niaj hnub no tsis muaj tsev nyob, yooj yim-rau-txav txoj kev asph alt, txuas hniav, qhov av, khw thiab chaw ua haujlwm. Nyob ntawm seb hom khoom thiab cov cuab yeej siv rau kev ua haujlwm, hauv peb lub sijhawm muaj ntau hom kev tsim kho

Kev xav tau rau cov kua roj vanish ntawm ntoo. Cov varnishes ntoo yog dab tsi thiab lawv txawv li cas. Nta ntawm pob zeb lacquer. Yuav ua li cas cov kua roj vanish yog haum rau txheej pob zeb nto. Dab tsi yog cov khoom ntawm cov khoom siv

Cov kab lus no mob siab rau kev txhawb nqa ntawm lub hauv paus - cov lus nug txog kev suav cov ntim ntawm cov khoom no raug txiav txim siab

Lub hauv av ib feem ntawm cov qauv, uas yog, lub hauv paus, yuav siv sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub load, hloov mus rau lub hauv paus. Kev txhim kho ntawm lub hauv paus niaj hnub no tuaj yeem ua tiav siv ib qho ntawm ntau cov thev naus laus zis. Ib tug ntawm lawv tso cai rau koj los tsim ib daim kab xev puag, uas yog nrov heev nyob rau hauv private vaj tse tsim

Hnub no, cov kws tsim vaj tsev thiab cov neeg tsim qauv muaj ntau yam khoom siv hauv tsev thiab cov tswv yim ntawm lawv qhov kev pov tseg, nrog kev pab los ntawm kev nthuav qhia thiab originality ntawm cov tsev niaj hnub tau ua tiav. Ib qho ntawm feem pheej yig thiab yooj yim rau nruab yog lub façade system, nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam nrog ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov xim thiab kev ntxhib los mos kev daws teeb meem uas tso cai rau koj mus qhia tag nrho cov architect lub hom phiaj

Qhov ntau ntom ntawm cov khoom yog qhov piv ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov khoom no hauv lub xeev tshiab rau nws ntim. Qhov no yuav siv sij hawm mus rau hauv tus account ob lub ntim ntawm nws tus kheej, thiab lub ntim ntawm voids nyob rau hauv nws thiab lub ntim ntawm ib tug neeg hais (piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv thee). Rau cov laj thawj pom tseeb, hom kev ceev no tsawg dua qhov tseeb qhov ceev, uas tsis suav nrog cov voids saum toj no

Kev saib xyuas pob zeb tom qab nchuav yog ua raws li kev tswj hwm lub xeev ntub rau lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv kev nqus dej los ntawm cov av saum npoo los yog formwork, thiab nws evaporation. Systematic wetting ntawm lub dav hlau kuj ua tau

Cov kab lus no tau mob siab rau txoj siv monolithic nteg nyob rau hauv pem teb monolithic slab. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov cuab yeej technology, nws cov kev siv thiab cov nuances ntawm lub installation txheej txheem yog xam

Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm pob zeb thiab homogeneity ntawm cov khoom nyob ntawm qhov sib xws ntawm qhov sib tov. Qhov loj uniformity thaum thauj, installation thiab compaction yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb

Cov kwj deg loj tshaj plaws yog thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib 1, thiab tom qab Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob. Rau kev tiv thaiv, cov tub rog khawb qhov tob, ib nrab lossis tag nrho qhov siab ntawm tus neeg

Yog tias koj npaj yuav kho koj tus kheej, ces koj yuav tsum tau kwv yees rau lub tsev thiab cov khoom tiav. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum suav thaj tsam ntawm chav tsev uas koj npaj yuav ua haujlwm kho. Tus pab tseem ceeb hauv qhov no yog cov qauv tsim tshwj xeeb. Lub cheeb tsam ntawm thaj chaw, uas yog nws cov kev suav, yuav tso cai rau koj kom txuag tau nyiaj ntau ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev thiab coj cov nyiaj txiag tso tawm hauv cov kev taw qhia tsim nyog

Ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, tshwj tsis yog Australia, muaj ntau lub tsev tsis meej pem thiab qub. Cov kev tshawb fawb niaj hnub no tau pom tias lawv tau tsim nyob rau hauv Neolithic, Eneolithic thiab Bronze Ages

Hnub no, ntau lub tsev tau tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev - ntoo. Kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob hauv lub tsev zoo li no muaj qee qhov teeb meem thiab yuav tsum tau ua raws li qee qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Tag nrho cov lus nug no yuav tau tham hauv kab lus no

Txheej raws li cov xim silicate muaj ntau yam khoom tshwj xeeb: lawv muaj vapor permeability siab thiab qhuav sai. Cov dej noo uas khaws cia hauv phab ntsa hauv lub caij ntuj no tsis rhuav tshem cov cib thiab plaster. Lawv dhau carbon dioxide zoo thiab tsis ncua cov txheej txheem hardening ntawm plaster. Lub npog tsis hlawv, tsis tawm cov khoom tsis zoo. Cov xim silicate tau zoo siv rau ntawm qhov chaw uas muaj zog alkaline Cheebtsam (lime plasters)

Tus choj pontoon yog ib qho qauv saum dej uas muaj kev txhawb nqa ntab hu ua pontoons. Ib qho kev hloov pauv yog tus choj ntab, uas tsis muaj cov pontoons cais, thiab cov qauv tsim ua haujlwm ntawm "buoyancy"

Lub zog ntawm masonry yog nws lub peev xwm los nqus cov khoom xa tawm los ntawm cov txheej txheem overlying. Nws yog cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov loj thiab cov duab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv masonry, qhov ntom thiab tuab ntawm cov pob qij txha mortar, hom ntawm cib thiab mortar. Lub thickness ntawm 10-15 mm yog normalized rau longitudinal (kab rov tav) seams thiab 8-15 mm rau ntsug sawv daws yuav. Kev ruaj ntseg ntawm masonry yog nws lub peev xwm los tuav txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv kab rov tav (piv txwv li, cua) loads, nws txwv qhov siab ntawm phab ntsa ua

Ceramic cib yog cov khoom siv hauv tsev ntau yam thiab zoo ib puag ncig. Nws tau siv nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, tab sis qhov amazing tshaj plaws yog hais tias txij thaum ntawd los nws tsis tau hloov, thiab nws yog tsim los siv yuav luag tib lub tshuab uas peb cov poj koob yawm txwv paub thiab dav siv

Cov kab lus sib tham txog cov lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas zoo tshaj plaws los ua kom zoning ntawm chav dej ua ke. Ua tsaug rau ib co tricks thiab txoj kev, koj muaj peev xwm ua tsis tau tsuas yog ib tug pom kev nce nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm chav tsev, tab sis kuj nce nws functionality. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kom npaj cov rooj tog zaum thiab cov kav dej kom raug, nrog rau kev tsim kom muaj peev xwm thiab zoo nkauj ntawm chav tsev

Hnub no, hauv kev tsim kho, ntiag tug thiab kev lag luam, pob zeb thiab pob zeb crushed muaj ntau heev, qhov sib txawv ntawm ob cov ntaub ntawv no tuaj yeem pom tsuas yog peb xav txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm txhua tus. Kev siv pob zeb thiab cov ntxhia hauv kev tsim kho tsuas yog irreplaceable

Ntau tus neeg xav tias kev tso cov vuas yog ib txoj haujlwm nyuaj uas txhua tus ua tsis tau. Kuv xav kom koj paub tseeb tias qhov no tsis yog li ntawd, thaum kawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov kab lus no, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tso cov vuas yuav zoo li koj tsis tsuas yog yooj yim, tab sis kuj nthuav